Whole genomic features analysis of coxsackievirus B3 strains isolated in Tianjin / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To genotype and analyze whole genomic features of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) isolated in Tianjin, to improve evolution information of CVB3 virus in Tianjin, and to provide basis for surveillance and early warning of related diseases. Methods　Viral RNA was extracted from five CVB3 strains isolated in Tianjin, whole genome sequence of the virus was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced by next-generation sequencing method, and phylogenetic and recombinant analysis were carried out. Results　The open reading frame 1(ORF) of the five CVB3 strains contained 6 555 nucleotides and encoded 2 185 amino acids, and ORF2 was composed of sequences encoding 68 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence similarity ranged from 78.3%-100%, and the amino acid sequence similarity ranged from 95.7%-100%. Compared with the CVB3 prototype strain, the nucleotide sequence similarity of the five viruses was between 78.2%-79.1%, and the similarity of amino acid sequences was 94.9%-95.3%. All five viruses exhibited a T151A mutation on the VP2 protein. Additionally, the encephalitis isolate showed a K158E mutation on the VP2 protein, while one of the sewage isolates had a C234T mutation in 5' noncoding region. The five strains belonged to two different genotypes, among which the encephalitis isolate in 2016 belonged to the D genotype, while the sewage isolates in 2021 belonged to the E genotype. This is also the first report of E genotype CVB3 in northern China. The CVB3 strain may have recombinant events in non-structural protein regions, in which encephalitis isolate may recombine with a Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) strain, while sewage isolates may have recombinant events with a strain of ECHO virus 18 (E18). Conclusions　The CVB3 isolates in Tianjin belong to D and E genotypes, and recombination events may exist in non-structural protein region of the viral genome. The results of CVB3 virus genome analysis in sewage suggests presence of CVB3 infection in the population of Tianjin, and its epidemic dominant genotype may have changed.

Advances in molecular biology research on human parvovirus B19 / 生物工程学报

Human parvovirus B19 (B19 virus) is one of the two parvoviruses that cause human diseases. As an important pathogen to humans, it causes infectious erythema in children, acute aplastic anemia, fetal edema and death. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the molecular virology of B19V, such as viral genotypes, viral receptor, genomic features and viral replication, viral transcription and post-transcription regulation, viral nonstructural and structural protein features and functions, viral diagnosis and antiviral agents, to provide reference for further study of B19 pathogenesis mechanisms, treatment and diagnostic strategies.

Progress of individualized treatment in Waldenström macroglobulinemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare lymphoma without a curable treatment method, which is characterized by MYD88 and CXCR4 gene mutations. The study on clinical manifestations, the pathological and genomic features has led to a series of promising clinical protocols. This article reviews the safety and efficacy of drugs including alkylating agents, proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors in WM patients combined with the latest research of the individualized treatment for WM at the 59th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, so as to analyze the feasibility of basic genomic treatment and current integrated regimens for WM.