Neurophysiological effects of seminal vesicles / 中华男科学杂志

Seminal vesicles are involved in semen accumulation in the process of ejaculation, contracting and releasing seminal vesicle fluid accounting for about 50－80% of the semen, and the fructose in their secretions is an indispensable nutrient for sperm maturation. Thus, seminal vesicles are important male accessary glands closely related with the quality and quantity of sperm. In the process of semen accumulation, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves participate in the regulation of the secretory function of seminal vesicle epithelia and the contraction of the smooth muscle layer as well as the distribution of adrenonergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic and various neurotransmitter receptors in the seminal vesicle epithelia and smooth muscle layer, which play a significant role in male fertility. This review discusses the neurophysiological effects of seminal vesicles in ejaculation.

Research on human epidermal stem cells differentiating into glandular epithelium-like cells in vitro / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the influencing conditions of human epidermal stem cells(ESCs) differentiating into gland-like cells and to identify the induced tubular structure.Methods The ESCs were seeded onto compound polysaccharide shell dermal matrix and collagen gel,adding different concentrations of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and culturing by vertical shaking in vitro,the three dimensional culture and induced directional differentiation were performed.The means of HE staining,immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscope were adopted to observe the conditions,morphology and phenotype change of ESCs directionally differentiating into glandular epithelium-like cells.Results 15-20 ng/mL EGF could induce ESCs in tissue-engineering dermis to grow into dermis and appear the gland-like structure.The HE staining in this structure showed its profile as a single layer with lacune in the middle compartment,eosinophilic cytoplasm,lightly stained.Under CLSM,by CK19 staining,the luminal structure in the middle of the cell mass was observed,while CK18 and CEA were expressed in this structure.Conclusion Under the induction of particular concentration of EGF,the in vitro cultured human ESCs seeded on the tissues engineering dermis could form into the tubular structure,which is similar to the in vivo sweat gland secretory cells in morphology and histology.

O estômago equino: agressão e mecanismos de defesa da mucosa / The equine stomach: aggression and defense mechanisms of the mucosal

O estômago dos equinos tem particularidades anatômicas e fisiológicas que facilitam a ocorrência de alterações inflamatórias, degenerativas e obstrutivas, além de sensibilidade frente a mudanças de condições externas. A superfície da mucosa gástrica é coberta por epitélio tanto escamoso como glandular, com mecanismos de proteção deficiente e eficiente, respectivamente. Na rotina clínica, são frequentes prevalências e incidências aumentadas de lesões derivadas de processos locais ou sistêmicos.

The equine stomach has anatomical and physiological peculiarities that facilitate the production of inflammatory, degenerative and obstructive disorders, besides being sensitive to external factors changes. The gastric surface is covered by squamous epithelium and glandular epithelium with poor and efficient mechanisms of protection respectively. In clinical practice, increased prevalence and incidence are common due to local and remote processes.