Evaluation of the Impact of Herbicidal Weed Management Practices on Weed Density, Yield Attributes and Yield of Irrigated Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

In the Rabi season of 2021-22, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University in Hisar. The aim was to examine how herbicidal weed management affects irrigated chickpea. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design (RBD) with thirteen treatments, each repeated three times. The treatments included various herbicides applied at different stages, such as pre-plant incorporation (PPI), pre-emergence (PRE), and post-emergence (POE). Interestingly, the Ready mix (RM) herbicide application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) @ 1000 g a.i ha-1, applied both as PPI and PRE, outperformed the herbicides applied solely as PPI, PRE, or POE. Among the herbicidal treatments, the combined during PPI and PRE stages exhibited excellent control over a diverse weed population, leading to a significant increase in chickpea yield compared to the weedy check. The number of seeds per pod, pods per plant, and branches per plant varied significantly with different weed control treatments. Weed-free plots showed the highest values in these parameters. The uncontrolled growth of weeds in the weedy check resulted in a 55.2% reduction in seed yield as compared to weed-free plots. The maximum seed yield (1968 kg ha-1) and favorable yield attributes were observed in the weed- free treatment, statistically comparable to the yield obtained from two hand weeding at 30 and 50 days after sowing (1940 kg ha-1). Among herbicidal treatments, the highest seed yield was achieved with the PRE application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) @ 1000 g a.i. ha-1 (1827 kg ha-1). The dominant weed flora consisted of Chenopodium album, Fumaria parviflora and Anagallis arvensis. Density of different weed species was significantly influenced by different weed control treatments. All the weed control treatments significantly reduced the total weed density and dry matter accumulation by weeds in comparison to weedy check. Weed free and two hand hoeing reduced the weed population drastically which was statistically at par with PRE application of pendimethalin + imazethapyr (RM) at 1000 g a.i. ha-1. Chenopodium album, Fumaria parviflora and Anagallis arvensis were effectively controlled by RM irrespective of its time of application.

Effect of Foliar Application of Potassium Silicate on Growth Attributes of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels.) cv. Goma Priyanka

A field experiment was carried out on the Instructional Farm, which finds its location intricately linked to the Department of Fruit Science at the esteemed College of Horticulture and Forestry in Jhalarapatan, a prominent site within the Jhalawar region. during (2021-22 and 2022-23) with the object of assessing the response of foliar humic acid on growth attributes of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) cv. Goma Priyanka. Four doses of Potassium silicate (KS) 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm were tried in 4 treatments in a factorial randomized block design. The foliar response of Potassium silicate KS3 (3000 ppm) treatment registered relatively better plant growth parameters viz. rootstock girth, scion girth, plant height, canopy volume, canopy spread E-W, N-S, of Jamun cv. Goma Priyanka plants.

Agronomic Evaluation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids under Agro- Climatic Conditions of Naini, Prayagraj

This research paper aims to evaluate the agronomic performance of twenty rice hybrid varieties under the specific agro-climatic conditions of Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study focuses on analyzing their growth and yield parameters using a randomized block design replicated thrice. The findings will provide valuable insights into the performance of rice hybrids and assist farmers in selecting suitable varieties for optimal productivity in the region. During Kharif season, of 2022 the field experiment was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj (U.P.). Based on the objectives taken maximum plant height (122.57 cm), number of tillers (15.07), plant dry weight (55.91 g/plant), panicle length (29.00 cm), filled grains (256.17), were recorded significantly higher in the hybrid R-504 as compared to other treatments though grain yield/hill (29.13 g) was recorded significantly higher in the hybrid R-410. This research paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of agronomic evaluation of rice hybrids. The study is intended to explore the advantages and challenges associated with rice hybrid varieties, with a focus on growth attributes, yield potential and other agronomic traits.

Response of Plant Growth Regulators on Vegetative Growth, and Flower Quality of Chrysanthemum at Central India

A study on the effect of plant growth regulators on growth of chrysanthemum was carried out at K.N.K. College of Horticulture, Mandsaur. Experiment was laid out in completely randomized design(CRD) with three replications. Chrysanthemum cultivar- Hybrid-2 was used for the experiment. Six PGR treatments consisting of three concentrations each of GA and NAA i.e., GA3 (100, 150 & 200 ppm) and NAA (75 ppm, 125 ppm and 200 ppm) were applied to the experiment. GA3 (200 ppm) recorded the maximum values for plant height, plant spread, number of branches / plant, number of leaves/ plant, leaf length (cm), leaf stalk length (cm), number of suckers per plant, number of flowers per plant, flower stalk length (cm), flower diameter and flowering duration as well as the earliest first flower bud appearance and first flower opening. This treatment also recorded the longest vase life of cut flowers (days), the maximum total water uptake in vase and the maximum diameter of fully opened flower in vase life.

Effect of Vermicompost and Organic Formulations on Growth and Yield of Soybean Grown on Vertisol

Soybean called as golden beans belongs to leguminosae family. It is native of East Asia. It is rich source of protein and also an excellent source of fiber. Balanced fertilization is necessary to increase the productivity of pulses. Organic manures and formulations favor plant growth and regulation and adaptability to the surrounding environments in terms of improvement in yields and quality parameters in addition to enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike, chemical fertilizer, these organic products are biodegradable, non-toxic, non-polluting and non-hazardous to humans, animal and birds. Thus, integrations of organic manure and formulations with chemical fertilizer seems to be an alternative supply for plant nutrition. Keeping the above points in view the present experiment were conducted during kharif-2020 and kharif-2021 at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, VNMKV Parbhani, to study the effect of vermicompost and organic formulations on growth and yield of soybean grown on Vertisol. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design with twelve treatments and three replications. Experimental treatments consist of two factors in which one factor consist of vermicompost consist of three levels C1-RDF, C2- Vermicompost eq. to RDN, C3- Vermicompost eq. to RDN + RD of vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1, another factor organic formulations consist of four levels OF0- control, OF1- Panchagavya, OF2- Beejamruth + Jeevamruth, OF3-Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya. The growth parameters like leaf area, no. of pods and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll showed significant increased with the application of RDF as compared to other treatments. Among organic formulations treatments highest value recorded in combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Pancahgavya (OF3) as compared to alone application. The significant increase in seed and straw yield was recorded in treatment receiving in treatment combination of RDF (C1) along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya (OF3). The result of the experiment revealed that application of RDF along with combined application of Beejamruth + Jeevamruth + Panchagavya was found beneficial for increase in growth and yield of soybean in Vertisol.

Effect of Salinity Stress on Various Growth and Physiological Attributes of Two Contrasting Maize Genotypes

Abstract The response of two local maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes designated as Sahwal-2002 (salt-tolerant) and Sadaf (salt-sensitive) to salt stress was investigated under controlled growth conditions. The role of phenylalanine and seed priming under salt stress in maize with different morphological parameters were studied. The genotype Sadaf, being salt-tolerant, experienced more oxidative damage than the Sahiwall-2002 genotype under salt stress. The salinity affected both growth and physiological attributes of the maize species whereas the phenylalanine successfully increased the salinity tolerance in maize species at the seedling stage.