Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy with progressive sensorineural deafness: a case report of Harboyan syndrome

ABSTRACT We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who underwent bilateral penetrating keratoplasty for congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy at the age of 10 years. Over the subsequent 27 years, the patient's vision slowly deteriorated. Our examination revealed decompensation of the right corneal graft. We addressed this with regraft surgery. We then learned that the patient had been suffering from progressive hearing loss since adolescence. Tonal audiometry revealed hearing per ceptive deafness of 25 dB, which was more prominent in the left ear. Because the patterns of progressive sensorineural hearing loss and congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy have both been linked to the same gene, slc4a11, we tested our patient for mutations in this gene. The test was positive for a heterozygous slc4a11 gene fifth exon mutation on chromosome 20p13-p12, which causes a frameshift. A combined clinical and genetic evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of Harboyan syndrome. After the genetic diagnosis of the disease, she was evaluated for the need for a hearing aid due to her hearing loss. The patient was also informed about genetic counseling.

Uma reflexão sobre as conexões entrea fonoaudiologia e Saúde Única / A reflection on the connections betweenspeech therapy and One Health

A Saúde Única é uma crescente abordagem sistêmica para aumentar indissociavelmente os níveis de saúde das pessoas, dos animais e do ambiente no planeta. Por sua característica interdisciplinar e multidisciplinar, a Saúde Única tem arregimentado cada vez mais novos agentes na área de saúde, ampliando novas fronteiras de prática profissional. Objetivo: tendo em vista de que a abordagem sistêmica da Saúde Única (One Health) é holística, objetivou-se descrever e refletir sobre o papel da fonoaudiologia nesse contexto. Métodos: fez-se uma revisão de escopo sobre as ligações da fonoaudiologia com as desordens de saúde que são o foco em Saúde Única. Realizou-se uma procura de artigos nas plataformas PubMed e SciELO, com a combinação booleana dos indexadores "fonoaudiologia" e "Saúde Única", em idioma português; e as palavras "speech-language therapy" e "One Health" em idioma inglês. O operador booleano foi "E" e "AND". Adicionalmente, procurou-se teses e dissertações com esses mesmos operadores e combinações no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. Analisou-se os dados por uma abordagem qualitativa, por isso os métodos estatísticos não foram aplicados. A partir dessa abordagem, complementou-se a argumentação com uma reflexão crítica sobre a inclusão da fonoaudiologia na estratégia de Saúde Única. Resultados: apenas na plataforma SciELO encontrou-se cinco obras com os descritores e a combinação "Saúde Única AND fonoaudiologia"; esse resultado é fortemente sugestivo de que o profissional em fonoaudiologia não tem sido incluído como um agente na abordagem Saúde Única. Contrariando esse cenário, argumenta--se que a fonoaudiologia pode preencher um nicho de trabalho e atuação acadêmica na abordagem de Saúde Única, cujo foco são desordens de saúde que podem resultar em distúrbios da comunicação nas pessoas. Considerações finais: há um nicho para a fonoaudiologia na abordagem da Saúde Única para a prevenção, o tratamento e a investigação científica das desordens da comunicação humana.

One Health is a growing systemic approach aimed at increasing the health levels of people, animals and the environment on the planet. Due to its inter- and multidisciplinary characteristics, One Health has been recruiting an increasing number of new agents in the health area, expanding new frontiers of professional practice. Objective: considering that the systemic approach of One Health is holistic, the objective is to describe and reflect on the role of speech therapy in this context. Methods: a scoping review was conducted to explore the connections between speech therapy and the health disorders that are the focus of One Health. A search for articles was carried out on the PubMed and SciELO platforms, using the Boolean combination of the terms "fonoaudiologia" (speech therapy) and "Saúde Única" (One Health), in Portuguese; and the words "speech-language therapy" and "One Health" in English using the Boolean operator "E" and "AND". Additionally, we searched for theses and dissertations with these same operators and combinations, in the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations. The data was analyzed using a qualitative approach, therefore statistical methods were not applied. Based on this approach, the argument was complemented with a critical reflection on the inclusion of speech therapy in the One Health strategy. Results: five works were found on the SciELO platform using the descriptors and combination "Saúde Única AND fonoaudiologia". This result suggests that the speech therapy professional has not been included as an agent in the One Health approach. Contrary to this scenario, it is argued that speech therapy can play a significant professional and academic role in One Health, which focuses on health disorders that may result in communication disorders. Final considerations: there is a niche for speech therapy in the One Health approach to the prevention, treatment and scientific investigation of human communication disorders.

Meningitis e hipoacusia neurosensorial por Rickettsia sp. en Perú: reporte de caso / Meningitis and neurosensory hypoacousia due to Rickettsia sp. in Peru: case report

RESUMEN Se presenta el caso de una mujer joven, trabajadora de salud, residente en una región altoandina del Perú, con exposición reciente a animales de granja y artrópodos, que presenta síndrome febril agudo indiferenciado, trombocitopenia severa y extravasación pulmonar y abdominal. Posteriormente desarrolla meningitis e hipoacusia neurosensorial bilateral de instalación temprana y muestra serología reactiva a infección aguda por Rickettsias sp. Se discuten las consideraciones epidemiológicas y clínicas en el diagnóstico diferencial para un manejo oportuno.

ABSTRACT We present the case of a young female health worker, resident in a high Andean region of Peru, with recent exposure to farm animals and arthropods, who developed acute febrile undifferentiated syndrome, severe thrombocytopenia and pulmonary and abdominal extravasation. Subsequently, the patient developed meningitis and early onset bilateral neurosensorial hypoacusis and showed reactive serology to acute infection by Rickettsia sp. Epidemiological and clinical considerations in the differential diagnosis for early management are discussed.

Aptidão e conduta dos estudantes de odontologia sobre atendimento de pacientes com deficiência visual e auditiva / Aptitude and conduct of dental students on the care of patients with visual and hearing impairments

Avaliar a aptidão e conduta de estudantes de Odontologia sobre atendimento de pacientes com de deficiência visual e auditiva. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, do tipo transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de um questionário estruturado e a amostra foi constituída por 88 estudantes do 5º, 7º e 9º período, matriculados em alguma disciplina clínica, do curso de Odontologia de uma instituição privada do estado de Pernambuco. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados através de estatística descritiva e inferencial com um nível de significância de 5%. Menos da metade dos estudantes se sente aptos para atender pacientes com essas necessidades, independente do período avaliado. Uma pequena parcela tem algum tipo de contato social/familiar com deficientes visuais e auditivos, mas o fato de possuírem contato, não alterou significativamente a aptidão deste para realizar a consulta. Da mesma forma, possuir informação prévia sobre o tema não influenciou significativamente na aptidão dos estudantes durante o atendimento odontológico. A maioria dos estudantes não se sentem aptos e seguros ao atendimento de pacientes com deficiências visuais e auditivas e que o fato de possuir familiar e/ou parente com esse tipo de deficiência e ter recebido informação prévia sobre o tema não aumenta a segurança dos estudantes.

To evaluate the aptitude and conduct of dentistry students regarding the care of patients with visual and hearing impairments. This is an observational, cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out using a structured questionnaire and the sample consisted of 88 students from the 5th, 7th and 9th period, enrolled in some clinical discipline, of the Dentistry course at a private institution in the state of Pernambuco. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with a significance level of 5%. Less than half of the students feel able to care for patients with these needs, regardless of the period evaluated. A small portion has some kind of social/family contact with the visually and hearing impaired, but the fact that they have contact did not significantly change their ability to carry out the consultation. Likewise, having prior information on the subject did not significantly influence the students' aptitude during dental care. Most students do not feel able and safe to care for patients with visual and hearing impairments and that the fact of having a family member and/or relative with this type of disability and having received prior information on the subject does not increase the safety of the students. students.

Current practices of canal wall up versus canal wall down mastoidectomy: a review

To achieve a disease-free and dry ear is the goal of mastoidectomy in chronic otitis media (COM) with or without cholesteatoma. The operating surgeon, the patient, and the disease process all have a role in the surgical procedure selection. In the case of cholesteatoma with COM, the surgeon has significant hurdles in the prevention of recurrent disease and the maintenance of hearing. Canal wall up (CWU) and canal wall down (CWD) are the surgical methods used for treatment of the COM with cholesteatoma. The importance of surgical method outcomes has been highlighted in recent surgical works, not only in terms of technical success but also in connection to the impact of therapy on patients' quality of life and welfare. The surgical procedures of CWP and CWD usually alter the middle ear structures which affect the transmission of sound from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea. The kind of disease, the depth of the pathology, and the patient's overall condition all have a role in the decision to use a surgical technique like CWU or CWD in COM. Due to improved audiometric results and simpler postoperative care, the CWU approach is frequently preferred despite having a greater probability of revision surgery. CWD surgical techniques usually lower the residual/recurrent rates of cholesteatoma. With regard to the surgical management of COM with cholesteatoma, this review article compares the effectiveness and current procedures of CWU mastoidectomy and CWD mastoidectomy.

Profile and perspectives of patients with hearing impairment: experience of a hearing camp conducted in rural Assam

Background: Hearing aid non-compliance and rejection despite possessing the hearing aid, is widespread among hearing impairment, influenced by diverse factors. There is limited literature on perspectives of patient before enrolling them in hearing aid programmes at health camps. This cross-sectional study explored the socio-demographic profiles and perspectives of patients with hearing impairment towards their hearing problems and hearing aids, who attended a hearing camp in rural Assam. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was performed among patients attending hearing camp in the rural area of Kamrup district of Assam. Demographic details along with findings of ear, nose and throat examination and audiometry and perspectives of the patients on use of hearing aid were recorded in pre-validated questionnaire. Results: Out of 96 patients, 56 (62.9%) had hearing difficulties causing communication issues, social inactivity, and irritation among family members. Most attended the camp for free checkups and hearing aids. High treatment costs significantly delayed care for hearing-impaired patients compared to those with normal hearing. Conclusions: High treatment cost is barrier to use of hearing aid in rural Guwahati, provision of free hearing aid in hearing camps can serve to address this gap. Understanding these barriers and challenges faced by hearing impaired population of the rural population of India is essential to design the implementation of hearing screening and rehabilitation at the community level.

Efeitos da dupla proteção auditiva na saúde do trabalhador: revisão de literatura / Effects of double hearing protection on occupational health: a literature review / Efectos de la doble protección auditiva en la salud de los trabajadores: revisión de la literatura

O uso da proteção auditiva pode representar uma série de preocupações de segurança quando considerados o treinamento e orientação, os prejuízos à comunicação e o ambiente ocupacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os benefícios da dupla proteção auditiva em risco de ruído ocupacional. Os artigos científicos de embasamento foram selecionados pelas bases de dados MEDLINE (Pubmed), Lilacs, Scielo, SCOPUS e Web of Science, sem restrição de idioma, período e localização. Foram localizados 197 artigos em que três atenderam aos critérios de admissão desta pesquisa. Os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) exigem controle rigoroso quanto ao seu uso adequado, que por vezes é negligenciado na rotina diária de trabalho. Conclui-se que a modernização e o uso de tecnologias mais seguras tem o intuito de diminuir o impacto da exposição ao ruído, entretanto, as barreiras entre a economia e a adesão pelos trabalhadores ainda precisam ser minimizadas.

Use of hearing protection can raise a series of safety concerns when considering training and guidance, communication impairments, and occupational environment. Hence, this study assessed the benefits of dual hearing protection in occupational noise risk. Scientific articles were selected from the MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SCIELO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases, with no language, period, or location restrictions. A total of 197 articles were located, of which three met the inclusion criteria. Proper PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) usage requires strict monitoring, which is sometimes overlooked in the daily work routine. Modernization and use of safer technologies aim to reduce the impact of noise exposure; however, the barriers between the economy and worker adherence still need to be mitigated.

El uso de protección auditiva puede implicar una serie de preocupaciones de seguridad al considerar el entrenamiento y orientación, el daño a la comunicación y el ambiente laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los beneficios de la doble protección auditiva en riesgo de ruido laboral. Se seleccionaron los artículos científicos de las bases de datos MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS, SciELO, Scopus y Web of Science, sin restricciones de idioma, período y ubicación. Se encontraron 197 artículos, de los cuales tres cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para este estudio. Los equipos de protección individual (EPI) requieren un riguroso control sobre su adecuado uso y, muchas veces, no son utilizados por los trabajadores durante su rutina laboral. Se concluye que la modernización y el uso de tecnologías más seguras pueden reducir el impacto de la exposición al ruido, sin embargo, las barreras entre la economía y el uso de estos equipos por los trabajadores aún necesitan mitigarse.

Spatial hearing abilities among children with bimodal versus unilateral cochlear implant: parents report on spatial hearing questionnaire

Background: Spatial hearing questionnaire (SHQ) is a questionnaire developed and validated for evaluating the spatial hearing abilities for the tasks of localization of sound to complex task of speech perception in noise. SHQ is adapted in Dutch language, and in Persian language. The study aimed to compare the spatial hearing abilities of children using bimodal cochlear implant and unilateral cochlear implant using spatial hearing questionnaire a subjective assessment tool, SHQ. Methods: The participants of the study included parents of 30 cochlear implant using children of age range 5-10 years, among 30 participants, 16 belonged to parents of children using unilateral cochlear implant and 14 were parents of children using bimodal cochlear implants. SHQ consisted of 24 questions distributed under 8 domains and the responses from the parents were collected over telephonic interview and statistically analyzed across domains. Results: The results revealed that there was no significant difference observed between both the groups across all the 8 domains, except perception of children’s voice, showed statistical difference between 2 groups. The baseline of spatial skills in children population using unilateral and bimodal cochlear implants was analysed. Conclusions: Across the 8 domains of spatial hearing questionnaire there were no significant statistical difference found between unilateral and bimodal cochlear implanted groups.

Processo de ensino e aprendizagem no período de suspensão das aulas presenciais em virtude da pandemia de COVID-19: estudo com professores / Teaching and learning process in the suspension period of classes in virtue of the COVID-19 pandemy: study with teachers / Proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje durante el período de suspensión de clases presencial por la pandemia del COVID-19: estudio con docentes

Introdução: Sabe-se que durante o período da pandemia do COVID-19, escolas e professores precisaram adaptar-se com alternativas para dar continuidade às aulas. Objetivo: Investigar estratégias e recursos pedagógicos de aprendizagem adotados por professores da rede pública e/ou privada de ensino, do interior de um estado brasileiro, durante o período de suspensão das aulas presenciais, em virtude da Pandemia de Covid-19 e seus efeitos para estudantes com e sem dificuldades de aprendizagem. Método: Aplicação de questionário on-line utilizando a ferramenta Google Forms para 37 professores atuantes do 1° ao 5° ano da rede pública e/ou privada no interior do estado, que tenham trabalhado remotamente durante a Pandemia no período de suspensão das aulas presenciais. Esse material continha questões de múltipla escolha e dissertativas e averiguava a forma de trabalho durante este período, as estratégias e os recursos adotados. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que as estratégias mais utilizadas pelos professores foram uso de materiais impressos. Os professores relataram as dificuldades e os desafios em adotar o ensino remoto, referentes à desigualdade social dos alunos, a dificuldade de adaptação dos professores a esta forma de ensino e ao empenho restrito das famílias no processo de aprendizagem. Conclusão: foi possível verificar como ocorreu o processo de adaptação ao ensino remoto pelos professores. Verifica-se a necessidade de explorar o trabalho conjunto com a Fonoaudiologia, visando minimizar as dificuldades apresentadas pelos estudantes, o que auxiliaria no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos que, posteriormente, poderiam vir a ser futuros pacientes do setor de Fonoaudiologia. (AU)

Introduction: it is known that during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, schools and teachers needed to adapt with alternatives to continue classes. Purpose: Investigate pedagogical learning strategies and resources adopted by teachers from public and/or private schools in the interior of a Brazilian state during the period of suspension of face-to-face classes, due to the Covid-19 Pandemic and its effects on students with and without learning difficulties. Method: This research included the application of an online questionnaire through Google Forms to 37 active teachers from the 1st to the 5th year of the public and/or private network at Brasilian state who have worked remotely during the Pandemic during the suspension period of in-person classes. This material contained multiple choice questions and essays, referring to the way of working during this period, strategies and resources adopted. Results: The results showed that the most used strategies by teachers were the use of printed materials. Teachers reported the difficulties and challenges in adopting remote teaching, referring to the social inequality of students, the limited commitment of families in the learning process and the difficulty of teachers to adapt to this form of teaching. Conclusion: Among 37 teachers who joined the study, it was possible to verify how the process of adaptation to remote teaching took place. There is a need to explore the joint work with Speech Therapy, aiming to minimize the difficulties presented by students. Such clarifications would help in the teaching and learning process of students who could later become future patients in the Speech Therapy sector. (AU)

Introducción: se sabe que durante el período de la pandemia del COVID-19, las escuelas y los docentes requirieron adaptarse con alternativas para continuar las clases. Objetivos: Investigar estrategias y recursos pedagógicos de aprendizaje adoptados por profesores de escuelas públicas y/o privadas del interior de un estado brasileño durante el período de suspensión de clases presenciales, debido a la Pandemia Covid-19 y sus efectos en estudiantes con y sin dificultades de aprendizaje. Método: Esta investigación implicó la aplicación de un cuestionario en línea a través de Formularios de Google a 37 docentes que laboran del 1° al 5° año de la red pública y/o privada del interior del estado, que habían trabajado de manera remota durante la Pandemia en el período de suspensión de clases presenciales. Este material contenía preguntas de selección múltiple y desarrollo, referentes a la forma de trabajar durante este período, las estrategias y los recursos adoptados. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las estrategias más utilizadas por los docentes fue el uso de materiales impresos. Los docentes relataron las dificultades y desafíos en la adopción de la enseñanza a distancia, refiriéndose a la desigualdad social de los estudiantes, el compromiso restringido de las familias en el proceso de aprendizaje y la dificultad de adaptación de los docentes a esta forma de enseñanza. Conclusión: Entre 37 docentes que se sumaron al estudio, fue posible verificar cómo ocurrió el proceso de adaptación a la enseñanza a distancia. Existe la necesidad de explorar el trabajo conjunto con la Logopedia, con el objetivo de minimizar las dificultades presentadas por los estudiantes. Tales aclaraciones ayudarían en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los estudiantes que luego podrían convertirse en futuros pacientes del sector de Logopedia. (AU)

Promoção da saúde: compreensão de idosos participantes de atividades remotas em grupos / Health promotion: understanding of elderly people participating in remote group activities / Promoción de la salud: comprensión de las personas mayores que participan en actividades grupales a distancia

Introdução: A longevidade é uma conquista na sociedade e dessa forma, é indispensável o apoio dos profissionais da saúde, a fim de ressignificar o envelhecimento. A promoção da saúde do idoso pode ser realizada por meio de ações em grupos. Objetivo: Compreender as ações promotoras da saúde, que são praticadas pelas pessoas idosas, participantes de atividades remotas em grupo. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, exploratório de caráter qualitativo. Foram convidados idosos participantes de um projeto de extensão universitária. Os critérios de inclusão foram idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, independente do gênero, e grau de escolaridade. O grupo remoto ocorreu semanalmente, durante 13 encontros, com uma hora de duração. Os dados foram coletados através de uma entrevista semiestruturada contendo questões sobre a compreensão referente às ações promotoras da saúde que realizavam em seu cotidiano. As respostas foram categorizadas através da Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: Participaram 11 pessoas idosas, com idade entre 60 e 81 anos, predominantemente mulheres e viúvas. Três categorias emergiram das análises sendo elas: 1. Autocuidado: ações promotoras da saúde, 2. Dificuldades vivenciadas para promover a saúde; 3. Percepção sobre a qualidade de vida e satisfação quanto à saúde. Conclusão: A compreensão do grupo abarcou a promoção da saúde em seus aspectos físico, mental e o social, distanciando-se do pensamento focado na ausência de doença. Cada pessoa idosa maneja, a seu modo, as formas de se manter saudável. (AU)

Introduction: Longevity is an achievement in society and, therefore, the support of health professionals is essential to give new meaning to aging. Promoting the health of the elderly can be carried out through group actions. Objective: To understand health-promoting actions, which are practiced by elderly people, participants in a group of remote activities. Methodology: Descriptive, exploratory study of qualitative nature. Elderly people participating in a university extension project were invited. The inclusion criteria were age equal to or over 60 years old, regardless of gender, and level of education. The remote group took place weekly, for 13 meetings, lasting one hour. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview containing questions about understanding regarding the health-promoting actions they carried out in their daily lives. The responses were categorized using Content Analysis, thematic modality. Results: 11 elderly people participated, aged between 60 and 81 years, predominantly women and widows. Three categories emerged from the analyses: 1. Self-care: health-promoting actions, 2. Difficulties experienced to promote health; 3. Perception of quality of life and health satisfaction. Conclusion: The group's understanding encompassed the promotion of health in its physical, mental and social aspects, moving away from thinking focused on the absence of disease. Elderly people manage, in their own way, ways to stay healthy. (AU)

Introducción: La longevidad es un logro en la sociedad y, por ello, el apoyo de los profesionales de la salud es fundamental para darle un nuevo significado al envejecimiento. La promoción de la salud de las personas mayores se puede realizar a través de acciones grupales. Objetivo: Comprender acciones de promoción de la salud, practicadas por las personas mayores, participantes de un grupo de actividades a distancia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de carácter cualitativo. Se invitó a personas mayores que participan en un proyecto de extensión universitaria. Los criterios de inclusión fueron edad igual o mayor a 60 años, independientemente del sexo y nivel de estudios. El grupo remoto se desarrolló semanalmente, durante 13 reuniones, con una duración de una hora. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de una entrevista semiestructurada que contenía preguntas sobre la comprensión de las acciones de promoción de la salud que realizaban en su vida diaria. Las respuestas fueron categorizadas mediante Análisis de Contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: Participaron 11 personas mayores, con edades entre 60 y 81 años, predominantemente mujeres y viudas. De los análisis surgieron tres categorías: 1. Autocuidado: acciones promotoras de la salud, 2. Dificultades vividas en la promoción de la salud; 3. Percepción de calidad de vida y satisfacción con la salud. Conclusión: La comprensión del grupo abarcó la promoción de la salud en sus aspectos físicos, mentales y sociales, alejándose del pensamiento centrado en la ausencia de enfermedad. Cada persona mayor logra, a su manera, maneras de mantenerse saludable. (AU)

Acesso a serviço de saúde e reabilitação auditiva de adultos e idosos durante o período inicial da pandemia COVID-19 no Brasil / Access to health service and hearing rehabilitation for adult and older adults during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil / Acceso a servicios de salud yrehabilitación auditiva para adultos y ancianos durante el período inicial de la pandemia COVID-19 en Brasil

Introdução: A perda auditiva é uma deficiência comum na população mundial e contribui para dificuldade na comunicação verbal e redução da qualidade de vida, evidenciando a importância da identificação precoce, reabilitação e acompanhamento audiológico dessa deficiência para mitigar suas consequências. Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, as medidas restritivas diminuíram a capacidade de atendimento dos serviços de saúde auditiva e dificultaram a busca de auxílio para resolver problemas relacionados à adaptação aos dispositivos eletrônicos de amplificação sonora (DAES), sendo uma barreira no processo de reabilitação da perda auditiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar os usuários de DEAS e o processo inicial de reabilitação auditiva de adultos e idosos e verificar fatores associados ao retorno para a consulta de monitoramento auditivo durante o período inicial da pandemia da COVID-19.Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal com usuários adultos e idosos de um serviço ambulatorial de saúde auditiva com retorno para consulta de monitoramento auditivo agendada no período inicial da implementação das medidas restritivas da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes conseguiu retornou para a consulta de monitoramento auditivo, sendo eles em sua maioria idosos, do sexo feminino e vacinados contra a COVID-19. Houve maior prevalência de adaptação adequada aos DAES. Não houve associação estatística entre as variáveis relacionadas à adaptação aos DAES, COVID-19 e saúde mental e o retorno à consulta de monitoramento auditivo. Conclusão: Os fatores relacionados à adaptação aos DAES, à COVID-19 ou à saúde mental não influenciaram o retorno à consulta de monitoramento auditivo na presente pesquisa. (AU)

Introduction: Hearing loss is a common disability in the world population and contributes to difficulty in verbal communication and reduced quality of life, highlighting the importance of early identification, rehabilitation and audiological monitoring of this disability to mitigate its consequences. During the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictive measures reduced the service capacity of hearing health services and made it difficult to seek help to solve problems related to adaptation to personal sound amplification products (PSAPs), being a barrier in the rehabilitation process of hearing loss. Aim: To characterize PSAPs users and the initial hearing rehabilitation process for adults and elderly people and verify the factors associated with the return to hearing monitoring consultations in the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with adults and elderly people: elderly users of an outpatient hearing health service who return for a scheduled hearing monitoring consultation in the initial period of the implementation of restrictive measures of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Results: Most participants were able to return to the hearing monitoring clinic, the majority of whom were elderly, female and vaccinated against COVID-19. There was a higher prevalence of adequate adaptation to the PSAPs. There was no statistical association between variables related to adaptation to PSAPs, COVID-19 and mental health and return to hearing monitoring consultation. Conclusion: Factors related to adaptation to PSAPs, COVID-19 or mental health did not influence the return to hearing monitoring consultation in the present investigation. (AU)

Introducción: La pérdida auditiva es una discapacidad común en la población mundial y contribuye a la dificultad en la comunicación verbal y a la reducción de la calidad de vida, destacando la importancia de la identificación temprana, rehabilitación y seguimiento audiológico de esta discapacidad para mitigar sus consecuencias. Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, las medidas restrictivas redujeron la capacidad de atención de los servicios de salud auditiva y dificultaron la búsqueda de ayuda para resolver problemas relacionados con la adaptación a dispositivos electrónicos de amplificación del sonido (DEAS), siendo una barrera en el proceso de rehabilitación de la pérdida auditiva. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los usuarios de DEAS y el proceso inicial de rehabilitación auditiva de adultos y ancianos y verificar los factores asociados al retorno a las consultas de monitorización auditiva en el período inicial de la pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal con adultos y ancianos: ancianos usuarios de un servicio ambulatorio de salud auditiva que regresan para consulta de monitorización auditiva programada en el período inicial de la implementación de medidas restrictivas de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes pudieron regresar a la clínica de monitorización auditiva, la mayoría de los cuales eran ancianos, mujeres y estaban vacunados contra COVID-19. Hubo mayor prevalencia de adaptación adecuada a la DEAS. No hubo asociación estadística entre variables relacionadas con adaptación a DEAS, COVID-19 y salud mental y retorno a consulta de monitorización auditiva. Conclusión: Los factores relacionados con la adaptación a DEAS, el COVID-19 o la salud mental no influyeron en el retorno a la consulta de monitorización auditiva en la presente investigación. (AU)

Funcionalidade de pessoas hospitalizados em vulnerabilidade comunicativa pela CIF / Functioning of hospitalized people in vulnerable communication by the ICF / Funcionalidad de las personas hospitalizadas con vulnerabilidad comunicativa por el CIF

Introdução: Pacientes hospitalizados, por causas diversas, podem apresentar comprometimentos de fala e linguagem que os coloquem em situação de vulnerabilidade comunicativa, influenciando sua funcionalidade. Adota-se a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) para análise, sob esta perspectiva. Objetivo: Analisar a linguagem e funcionalidade de pessoas em vulnerabilidade comunicativa, em cuidados intensivo e semi-intensivo no hospital, pela CIF, como base conceitual. Método: Estudodescritivo e transversal, constituído por 18 participantes. Para a coleta de dados realizou-se: (i) levantamento dos prontuários, para caracterização do perfil sociodemográfico e das condições clínicas dos participantes; (ii) aplicação do protocolo ICUCS (Intensive Care Unit Communication Screening Protocol);(iii) introdução da Comunicação Suplementar e/ou Alternativa (CSA) e (iv) diário de campo (registro dos relatos). Os resultados foram analisados pela CIF e realizada análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes estava alerta e compreendia comandos simples, sendo que 39% apresentaram problema grave de expressão de linguagem. Quanto à atividade e participação, 50% apresentaram dificuldade grave no falar, 33%, em iniciar e em manter conversas. Quanto aos fatores ambientais, familiares e profissionais de Saúde foram apontados tanto como facilitadores quanto como barreiras para a comunicação. A CSA foi vista como facilitadora da comunicação. Conclusão: Os participantes apresentaram alteração de expressão da linguagem oral, com compreensão preservada e dificuldades de atividade e participação, com impacto nos fatores ambientais, sendo a CSA uma facilitadora da comunicação. Reafirma-se a aplicabilidade da CIF no contexto hospitalar, para pessoas em vulnerabilidade comunicativa, para cuidado ampliado e humanizado.

Introduction: Hospitalized patients, due to various causes, may present impairment of speech and language which may lead them to a situation of communicative vulnerability, influencing its functioning. The ICF - International Classification of functioning, Disability and Health is adopted to perform this analysis, under this perspective. Purpose: To analyze the language and functioning of people in communicative vulnerability, under intensive or semi-intensive care at the hospital, according to ICF, as a concept basis. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, composed by 18 participants. Data collected through: (i) hospital chart survey analysis, in order to characterize sociodemographic profile and clinical conditions of the participants; (ii) application of ICUCS - Intensive Care Unit Communication Screening Protocol; (iii) introduction of AAC - Augmentative and Alternative Communication and (iv) field journal (entries of reports). The results were analyzed by ICF and then performed descriptive statistic analyses. Results: Most participants were alert and could comprehend simple commands, from which 39% presented severe problems regarding language expression. Regarding activity and participation, 50% presented severe difficulty of speaking and 33% of starting and keeping conversations. Regarding environmental, family and health professionals factors, they have all been appointed both as facilitators and barriers to communication. AAC was seen as a communication facilitator. Conclusion: Participants presented alteration of oral language expression, preserved comprehension and difficulties in activity and participation with impact in environmental factors, being AAC a communication facilitator. Reassurance of applicability of ICF in hospital context, directed to people in communicative vulnerability, regarding ample and humanized treatment.

Los pacientes hospitalizados, por las causas diversas, pueden presentar deterioro de la funcionalidad del habla y del lenguaje que se sitúa en el discurso comunicativo, lo que influye en su funcionalidad. Se utiliza la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento de la Discapacidad y de la Salud (CIF) para análisis desde esta perspectiva. Objetivo: Analizar el lenguaje y la funcionalidad de personas en vulnerabilidad comunicativa, en cuidados intensivos y semiintensivos hospitalarios, utilizando la CIF, como fundamento conceptual. Método: Estudiodescriptivo y transversal, con 18 participantes. La recogida de datos incluyó: (i) estudios de las historias clínicas, para caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico y las condiciones clínicas de los participantes; (ii) la aplicación del protocolo ICUCS (Intensive Care Unit Communication Screening Protocol);(iii) la introducción de la Comunicación Aumentativa y Alternativa (CAA) y (iv) un diario de campo (registro de informes). Los resultados se analizaron por la CIF y se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: La mayoría de los participantes estaban alerta y entendían órdenes sencillas, el 39% presentaron graves problemas para expresarse en el lenguaje. Em cuanto, a la actividad y la participación, el 50% tenía graves dificultades para hablar, y el 33%, para iniciar y mantener conversaciones. Los factores ambientales, los miembros de la familia y los profesionales sanitarios fueron identificados tanto como facilitadores como obstáculo para la comunicación. Se consideró que el CAA facilitaba la comunicación. Conclusión: Los participantes presentaban alteración en la expresión del lenguaje oral, con entendimiento resguardado y dificultades en la actividad y la participación, con impacto en los factores ambientales, siendo la CAA facilitadora de la comunicación. Se reafirma la aplicabilidad de la CIF en el contexto hospitalario, para personas en vulnerabilidad comunicativa, para la atención ampliada y humanizada.

Vestibular evaluation with video head impulse test in pediatric cochlear implant patients / Evaluación vestibular con videoimpulso cefálico en pacientes pediátricos con implante coclear

Abstract Background: The cochlear implant (CI) is effective for rehabilitating patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. However, its placement and use have been associated with various complications, such as those affecting the vestibular system. The objective of this study was to compare vestibular function using the video head impulse test (vHIT) in pediatric patients before and after CI placement. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted. The outcomes of 11 pediatric patients of both sexes with a history of profound hearing loss were evaluated. The results of vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) gain, saccades, asymmetry, Pérez Rey (PR) index, and VOR/saccade ratio for both ears obtained by the vHIT test before and after CI placement were compared. Results: Of the 11 patients evaluated, the VOR gain showed that 81.8% had normal function, 18.2% had hypofunction, and no patients had hyperfunction before implantation. No statistically significant differences were found when compared with post-implant off and post-implant on conditions (p > 0.05). The extracted variables, asymmetry, PR index, and the VOR/saccades ratio also showed no statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-implant conditions, whether off or on. Conclusions: The vestibular function of pediatric patients did not show significant changes before and after CI placement. The vHIT test is a valuable tool for assessing vestibular function and could be considered a criterion for surgical and rehabilitation decisions in patients undergoing CI placement.

Resumen Introducción: El implante coclear es un dispositivo eficaz para la rehabilitación de pacientes con hipoacusia neurosensorial severa a profunda. Sin embargo, su colocación y uso se ha asociado a diversas complicaciones, entre ellas a nivel del sistema vestibular. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la función vestibular mediante la prueba de videoimpulso cefálico (vHIT) de pacientes pediátricos antes y después de la colocación del implante coclear. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se evaluaron los resultados de 11 pacientes pediátricos de ambos sexos con antecedente de hipoacusia profunda. Se compararon los resultados de ganancia del VOR, sacadas, asimetría, índice PR así como la relación VOR/sacadas para ambos oídos obtenidos mediante la prueba vHIT antes y después de la colocación del implante coclear. Resultados: De los 11 pacientes evaluados, la ganancia del VOR mostró que el 81.8% tenía normofunción, 18.2% hipofunción y ningún paciente hiperfunción antes del implante. Al compararlo con la ganancia post implante apagado y post implante encendido no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p > 0.05). Las variables sacadas, asimetría, índice PR así como la relación VOR/sacadas tampoco mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las condiciones pre y pos implante ya sea apagado o encendido. Conclusiones: La función vestibular de pacientes pediátricos no mostró cambios significativos previo y posterior a la colocación del implante coclear. La prueba vHIT es una herramienta útil que permite evaluar la función vestibular y que podría considerarse como criterio para tomar decisiones quirúrgicas en pacientes que se encuentran en protocolo para implante coclear.

Atenção à saúde da mulher surda no ciclo gravídico-puerperal: uma revisão de escopo / Health care for deaf women in the puerperal pregnancy cycle: a scoping review / Atención a la salud de mujeres sordas en el ciclo embarazo-puerperal: una revisión del alcance

ResumoObjetivo: identificar e sumarizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura nacional sobre a atenção à saúde da mulher surda no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Método: Estudo de revisão de escopo, segundo preceitos teóricos metodológicos do Joanna Briggs Institute. A busca foi realizada via periódicos CAPES, nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE via PubMed®, Biblioteca eletrônica SCIELO, WOS e CINAHL. Resultados: Identificaram-se 1.831 estudos, dos quais 12 compuseram a amostra final. As dificuldades na comunicação e ausência de profissionais capacitados em Libras, além de sofrimento, preconceito e discriminação, fazem parte da vivência da mulher surda no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Conclusão: a produção do conhecimento no âmbito nacional sobre a assistência à mulher surda no período gravídico-puerperal ainda é incipiente e faz-se necessário fomento de estudos e práticas baseadas em evidências para a produção de iniciativas que dialoguem sobre a autonomia e o fortalecimento do exercício dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos da mulher surda no Brasil.

AbstractObjective: to identify and summarize the evidence available in the national literature on health care for deaf women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Method: Scope review studies according to theoretical and methodological precepts of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research was performed via CAPES journals, in the bases LILACS; MEDLINE via PubMed®; SCIELO, WOS, and CINAHL electronic library. Results: A total of 1,831 studies were identified, and 12 made up the final sample. Difficulties in communication, and the lack of trained professionals in Libras, in addition to suffering, prejudice, and discrimination, are part of the experience of deaf women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Conclusion: the production of knowledge at the national level about assistance to deaf women in the pregnancy-puerperal period is still leadoff, and encouraging studies and evidence-based practices to produce initiatives that dialogue about the autonomy and strengthening of the exercise of sexual and reproductive rights of deaf women in Brazil is necessary.

ResumenObjetivo: identificar y resumir las evidencias disponibles en la literatura nacional sobre la atención a la salud de la mujer sorda en el ciclo embarazo-puerperio. Método: Estudio de revisión de alcance según preceptos teóricos y metodológicos del Instituto Joanna Briggs. La investigación se realizó en las revistas CAPES, en las bases LILACS; MEDLINE vía PubMed®; Biblioteca electrónica SciELO, WOS y CINAHL. Resultados: se identificaron 1.831 estudios, de los cuales 12 conformaron la muestra final. Las dificultades en la comunicación, la falta de profesionales capacitados en lengua de señas, además de sufrimiento, prejuicio y discriminación son frecuentes en la vivencia de las mujeres sordas en el ciclo puerperal del embarazo. Conclusión: la producción de conocimiento a nivel nacional sobre la atención a las mujeres sordas en el período embarazo-puerperio es aún incipiente, y es necesario incentivar estudios y prácticas basadas en evidencias para producir iniciativas que dialoguen sobre la autonomía y el fortalecimiento del ejercicio de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las mujeres sordas en Brasil.

Perfil das doenças metabólicas na perda auditiva ocupacional / Profile of metabolic damages in occupational hearing loss / Perfil de enfermedades metabólicas en la pérdida auditiva ocupacional

Introdução: O diagnóstico precoce quanto às perdas auditivas é essencial para minimização do impacto social em relação à rotina laboral e na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Caracterizar a associação entre a perda auditiva em trabalhadores com doenças metabólicas. Método: Estudo transversal retrospectivo de dados secundários de prontuário com o tratamento das doenças metabólicas, os dados foram coletados em duas clínicas de saúde ocupacional (C1 e C2) em Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brasil), no período de janeiro de 2020 a dezembro de 2022, considerando exames referenciais a partir do ano de 2005. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas do programa Microsoft Excel® e, posteriormente, exportados e analisados no software MedCalc® Statistical Software versão 22.006. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 97 pacientes (71 homens e 26 mulheres), expostos ao ruído ocupacional (p = 0,0047), com diagnóstico de ao menos uma doença metabólica (41,20%) e prevalência de medicamentos da classe ATC H (p = 0,0465) e Losartana® (OR = 1,6976). Conclusão: O ruído ocupacional é o principal fator de risco auditivo nas empresas analisadas, e a presença de doença metabólica poderá influenciar em alterações dos limiares auditivos. Para reduzir a vulnerabilidade dessa população, é necessário a promoção, educação e conscientização dos trabalhadores nos aspectos de saúde. (AU)

Introduction: Early diagnosis of hearing loss is essential to minimize the social impact in relation to work routine and quality of life. Objective: Analyze the association between hearing loss in workers and metabolic diseases. Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study of secondary data on the use of medications in metabolic diseases, the data were collected in two occupational health clinics (C1 and C2) in Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brazil), from January 2020 to December 2022, considering references from exams from the year 2005. The data were organized in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets and subsequently exported and analyzed using the MedCalc® statistical software version 22.006. Results: The data of 97 patients (71 men and 26 women) exposed to occupational noise (p = 0.0047), diagnosed with at least one metabolic disease (41.20%) and prevalence of ATC H class medications (p = 0.0465) and Losartan® (OR = 1.6976). Discussion andConclusion: Occupational noise is the main auditory risk factor, and the presence of metabolic disease can influence hearing thresholds. To reduce the vulnerability of this population, it is necessary to promote, raise awareness and educate, using approaches related to health aspects at work. (AU)

Introducción: El diagnóstico precoz de la pérdida auditiva es fundamental para minimizar el impacto social en la rutina laboral y la calidad de vida. Propósito: Analizar la asociación entre pérdida auditiva en trabajadores y enfermedades metabólicas. Metodología: Estudio transversal retrospectivo de datos secundarios sobre el uso de medicamentos en enfermedades metabólicas; Los datos fueron recolectados en dos clínicas de salud ocupacional (C1 y C2) en en Florianópolis - Santa Catarina (Brasil), de enero de 2020 a diciembre de 2022, considerando referencias de exámenes del año 2005. Los datos fueron organizados en hojas de cálculo Microsoft Excel®. y posteriormente exportados y analizados. utilizando el software estadístico MedCalc® versión 22.006. Resultados: Se analizaron los datos de 97 pacientes (71 hombres y 26 mujeres) expuestos a ruido ocupacional (p = 0,0047), diagnosticados con al menos una enfermedad metabólica (41,20%) y prevalencia de medicamentos clase ATC H (p = 0,0465). y Losartan® (OR = 1,6976). Discusión y Conclusión: El ruido ocupacional es el principal factor de riesgo auditivo y la presencia de enfermedad metabólica puede influir en los umbrales auditivos. Para reducir la vulnerabilidad de esta población es necesario promover, sensibilizar y educar utilizando enfoques relacionados con aspectos de salud en el trabajo. (AU)

Salud auditiva y exposición a ruido ambiental en población de 18 a 64 años de Bogotá, Colombia, entre el 2014 y el 2018 / Hearing health and noise exposure in population between 18 to 64 years old in Bogotá, Colombia, 2014-2018

RESUMEN Introducción. La salud auditiva es un tema de interés en salud pública que afecta la calidad de vida y que puede afectarse por la exposición continua al ruido, un factor de riesgo que genera síntomas auditivos y extraauditivos. Objetivo. Identificar el estado de salud auditiva de adultos que viven en Bogotá, y su asociación con factores de exposición a ruido ambiental, individuales y otológicos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal mediante el análisis de una base de datos con 10.311 registros, obtenidos entre los años 2014 y 2018, producto de una encuesta estructurada de percepción de ruido y tamizaje auditivo. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo bivariado y una regresión logística binaria. Resultados. El 35,4 % de los participantes presentó disminución auditiva. En el componente de percepción: 13,0 % refirió no escuchar bien, 28,8 % informó síntomas extraauditivos, 53,3 % tenía antecedentes otológicos, y 69,0 % manifestó molestia por ruido extramural. En la regresión logística, las variables más asociadas con disminución auditiva fueron: de las ambientales, vivir en zonas de mayor ruido (OR = 1,50) (IC95%: 1,341,69); de las individuales, ser hombre (OR = 1,85) (IC95%: 1,64-2,09) y la edad (por cada año de vida, el riesgo de disminución auditiva aumentó 6 %); y de las otológicas, tener antecedente de síntomas otológicos (OR = 1,86) (IC95%: 1,66-2,08). Conclusiones. La disminución auditiva es multicausal en la población evaluada. Los factores que aumentan su prevalencia son incremento de la edad, ser hombre, tabaquismo, medicamentos ototóxicos, vivir en zonas de mayor exposición a ruido y presentar síntomas extraauditivos.

ABSTRACT Introduction. Hearing health is a public health concern that affects the quality of life and can be disturbed by noise exposure, generating auditory and extra-auditory symptoms. Objective. To identify the hearing health status in adults living in Bogotá and its association with environmental noise exposure and individual and otological factors. Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a database with 10,311 records from 2014 to 2018, consigned in a structured survey of noise perception and hearing screening. We performed a descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results. Of the included participants, 35.4% presented hearing impairment. In the perception component, 13.0 % reported not hearing well; 28.8 % had extra-auditory symptoms, 53.3 % informed otological antecedents and 69.0 % presented discomfort due to extramural noise. In the logistic regression, the variables with the highest association for hearing impairment were living in noisy areas (OR = 1.50) (95% CI: 1.34-1.69), being male (OR = 1.85) (95% CI: 1.64-2.09), increasing age (for each year of life, the risk of hearing impairment increased 6%), and having history of extra-auditory symptoms (OR = 1.86) (95% CI: 1.66-2.08). Conclusions. Hearing impairment is multi-causal in the studied population. The factors that promote its prevalence are increasing age, being male, smoking, ototoxic medications, living in areas with high noise exposure, and extra-auditory symptoms.

Evaluation of change in knowledge and attitude about noise and its effect on hearing: post awareness programme among adolescents in Varkala, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala

Background: There are significant literature evidence across the globe and in India, regarding the effects of recreational noise exposure among young adults and college students, but there is a dearth of literature support regarding its effects among the students of senior grade studying in Indian subcontinent. Since the awareness among school students help in the early preventive measures and hearing conservation, studies must focus on these population to reduce the burden of recreational noise-induced hearing loss on our future generation. This study aims to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude about noise and its effect on hearing: Post awareness programme among adolescents in Varkala, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala. Method: A survey was conducted among the school students within the age group 16-18 years. A questionnaire containing questions related to knowledge and attitude towards noise and its effect on hearing was developed and distributed to the students prior to and after an awareness program making use of a visual awareness material. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for pre and post comparison. Results: The p value of each aspect related to the knowledge and attitude is less than the significance level, so we can say that there is a significant change in the level of knowledge and attitude after the awareness program. Conclusions: The study highlighted low pre-awareness levels among participants regarding noise's impact on hearing. The awareness program effectively improved understanding, emphasizing its importance for all age groups in dispelling misconceptions and fostering positive attitudes.

CT findings of a patient with Hay-Wells syndrome: a case report

Hay-Wells syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by a heterozygous mutation in the TP63 gene that affects the development of ectodermal derivatives. While the exact prevalence of hearing loss in this condition is not well established, it has been suggested that approximately 50% of patients may present with varying degrees of hearing impairment. Here we present a case of a 6-year-old female patient diagnosed with Hay-Wells syndrome since birth who has been developing hearing loss predominantly on the right side for the past year. Considering the embryological origin of the external ear, an associated abnormality with the syndrome cannot be disregarded. Early recognition and diagnosis of this syndrome are crucial for appropriate management and potential interventions for hearing loss. Utilizing imaging methods can aid in demonstrating the characteristic alterations of the syndrome, which is important given its low incidence in the general population. This case report emphasizes the significance of prompt diagnosis, which is critical for implementing genetic counseling and effective disease prevention measures. We should be well-versed in the characteristic imaging findings that aid in early identification and genetic diagnosis of the disorder.

Dental care in patients with periodontal disease and hearing impairment: a scoping review / Atención odontológica en pacientes con enfermedad periodontal y deficiencia auditiva: scoping review

Introduction: Literature shows that individuals with disabilities, including hearing impairment, often suffer from untreated dental caries, poor oral hygiene, and compromised periodontal health, leading to adverse effects on oral health. Objetive: This study aims to analyze current evidence concerning dental care strategies for controlling, managing, and preventing biofilm accumulation in patients with hearing impairment. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO and PubMed between April and May 2022 to identify articles establishing a relationship between periodontal disease and hearing disability. Full-text articles published in English or Spanish between 2012 and 2022 were included. Results: Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. These included cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, clinical trials, case reports, and case-control studies. Most studies reported fair to poor oral health status among individuals. Nine different interventions or management approaches for treating periodontal disease in patients with hearing impairment were identified. Conclusions: The current global evidence on the association between periodontal disease and hearing impairment is very limited. Dentists may need to employ various strategies to address communication barriers, as outlined in this study.

Introducción: Según la literatura, las personas en situación de discapacidad presentan caries dentales no tratadas, higiene bucal y estado periodontal deficiente, lo cual puede resultar en efectos negativos para su salud bucal. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia existente con relación a la atención odontológica enfocada en el control, manejo y prevención de acumulación de biofilm en pacientes con deficiencia auditiva. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos y motor de búsqueda (Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO y PubMed) entre abril y mayo 2022, de acuerdo con la evidencia existente que relacione la enfermedad periodontal y la discapacidad auditiva en la atención odontológica. Se incluyeron artículos de texto completo en idioma inglés o español, con fecha de publicación entre 2012 a 2022. Resultado: Se seleccionó un total de 17 artículos para su análisis. Se encontró estudios transversales, estudios de cohorte, ensayos clínicos, reporte de caso y estudios de casos y controles. La salud oral fue catalogada en estado regular y deficiente en la mayoría de los estudios. Se encontró 9 tipos de intervenciones o manejos para el tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con hipoacusia. Conclusión: La evidencia existente respecto a la enfermedad periodontal y la deficiencia auditiva es insuficiente a nivel global. Debido a lo anterior, el odontólogo puede abordar los obstáculos comunicativos de diferentes maneras de acuerdo a los métodos descritos en esta publicación.

Uso de auriculares y la audición en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad pública de Lima, Perú / Headphone use and hearing in medical students at a public university in Lima, Perú

RESUMEN Introducción: La pérdida auditiva afecta a millones globalmente, especialmente a jóvenes que usan auriculares frecuentemente. Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre el uso de auriculares y la audición en estudiantes de medicina en Lima, Perú. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico y transversal en la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Participaron 98 estudiantes de medicina (18-32 años) que usaban auriculares regularmente. Se excluyeron aquellos con patologías auditivas previas. La recolección de datos incluyó encuestas sobre el uso de auriculares y audiometrías realizadas en una cabina silente. Los resultados se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, utilizando el coeficiente de correlación de Rho de Spearman para evaluar la relación entre las variables. Resultados: El 59,2% de los estudiantes eran mujeres. El 39,2% presentó hipoacusia leve a tonos agudos, mientras que el 36,2% tenía audición normal. El 71,4% reportó disminución de la capacidad auditiva y el 56,1% experimentó otalgia. El uso de auriculares mostró una correlación positiva y significativa con la audición (Rho = 0,298, p = 0,003). El tiempo de exposición también fue significativo (Rho = 0,260, p = 0,010), pero la intensidad del sonido no lo fue (Rho = 0,193, p = 0,057). Conclusión: Existe una relación positiva entre el uso de auriculares y la pérdida auditiva en estudiantes de medicina. Se recomienda implementar programas de concienciación sobre el uso seguro de auriculares y realizar evaluaciones auditivas periódicas para prevenir el deterioro auditivo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hearing loss affects millions globally, especially young people who frequently use headphones. Objective: To establish the relationship between headphone use and hearing among medical students in Lima, Peru. Methods: An observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was conducted at the Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Participants included 98 medical students (18-32 years) who regularly used headphones. Those with previous hearing pathologies were excluded. Data collection included surveys on headphone use and audiometries performed in a silent booth. Results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, employing the Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient to assess the relationship between variables. Results: 59.2% of the students were women. 39.2% had mild hearing loss at high tones, while 36.2% had normal hearing. 71.4% reported decreased hearing capacity, and 56.1% experienced ear pain. Headphone use showed a positive and significant correlation with hearing (Rho = 0.298, p = 0.003). Exposure time was also significant (Rho = 0.260, p = 0.010), but sound intensity was not (Rho = 0.193, p = 0.057). Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between headphone use and hearing loss in medical students. It is recommended to implement awareness programs on safe headphone use and conduct regular hearing evaluations to prevent auditory deterioration.