Research progress on the role of immune cells in tumor hematogenous metastasis / 中国药理学通报

Tumor blood and lymphatic vessel growth are necessary conditions for tumor growth, progression and metastasis, which are closely related with infiltrating nnate as well as adaptive immune cells. On one hand, immune cells rely on adhesion molecules on vascular endothelial cells to penetrate into tumor tissues and show anti-tumor characteristics. On the other hand, they can regulate tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by secreting chemokines and cytokines, playing an important role in the process of tumor blood metastasis. In addition, the role of immune cells in promoting tumor blood metastasis highlights the shortcomings of t anti-angiogenic therapy. Therefore, targeting immune cells and tumor angiogenesis improve the effect of therapeutic. Based on these, this article summarizes the effects of immune cells on blood and lymphatic vessels n tumor metastasis, as well as related anti-vascular and immune therapies, in order o provide deas for subsequent research.

Effect of radiotherapy combined with interventional therapy on vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with advanced cervical cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of radiotherapy combined with interventional therapy on the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with advanced cervical cancer.Methods 62 cases of cervical cancer collected in the first people’s hospital of jingzhou city during January 2009 to February 2014 were randomly divided into two groups.The patients in group A were treated with radiotherapy, and the patients in group B were treated with radiotherapy combined with interventional therapy.The level of vascular endothelial growth factor in two groups after treatment was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results The level of vascular endothelial growth factor of group A was ( 241.77 ±85.86 )μg/L, significantly higher than ( 124.66 ±65.86 )μg/L of group B.The level of vascular endothelial growth factor was related with cervical deterioration degree, tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05),not with the patient’s age, and the size of the tumors.The level of vascular endothelial growth can reflect the clinical efficacy of patients after therapy (P<0.05).Conclusion Vascular endothelial growth factor level has a close relationship with the degree of deterioration of cervical cancer, tumor staging, lymph node metastasis and the curative effect after the interventional therapy.

Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral Nursing Intervention on Anxiety and Depression in Women with Breast Cancer undergoing Radiotherapy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a cognitive-behavioral nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. METHODS: A nonequivalent control group design was used for the study. The research participants were patients with breast cancer (N=71; experimental group=35, comparison group=36) who received radiotherapy at P university hospital. The experimental group received a 6-week cognitive-behavioral nursing intervention (2 hr/week), which included nursing counseling, education about treatment choices for breast cancer and possible side effects and management strategies during radiotherapy, and rehabilitation exercise. RESULTS: Following the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly lower levels of anxiety (Experimental group=34.60+/-6.35, Comparison group=44.63+/-9.93, t=3.552, p<.001) and depression (Experimental group=10.20+/-6.61, Comparison group=17.81+/-10.85, t=3.542, p<.001) than the comparison group. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study showed that cognitive-behavioral counseling applied by nurses is very effective to reduce anxiety and depression among patients with breast cancer. Therefore, providing nursing counseling to broader spectrum of patients with cancer should be considered. Further research would warrant future clinical application of nursing counseling.

Cuestiones actuales en terapia cognitiva / Current questions on cognitive therapy

La Terapia Cognitiva es uno de los modelos de intervención y explicación de la psicopatología que se ha mostrado más efectivo en los últimos años (Riso, 2006). Desde sus inicios, a partir de los trabajos de Albert Ellis y Aaron Beck en los años sesenta, se ha presentado un desarrollo progresivo, que ha logrado mostrar importantes avances en el tratamiento de trastornos del estado de ánimo (Depresión mayor y Trastorno Bipolar), trastornos de Ansiedad, trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, así como algunos menos documentados, pero en los que se ha evidenciado el impacto de la intervención.

Cognitive Therapy is one of the models of intervention and explanation of psychopathology that has been shown to be most effective in recent years (Laughter, 2006). From the beginning, from the work of Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck in the sixties, there has been a progressive development, which has been able to show important advances in the treatment of mood disorders (Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder), Anxiety disorders, food conduct disorders, as well as some less documented, but the impact of intervention has been evidenced.

Combinations of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and transurethral resection for bladder cancer with muscle invasion / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To evaluate the efficacy of bladder p re servation treatment by concurrent neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, radi otherapy and transurethral resection for patients with bladder cancer with muscl e invasion. Methods:Thirteen patients who were unfit for or unwilling to re ceive radical cystectomy were enrolled in this study. All patients had muscle in vasive transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(T 2-T 3). Patients were treated with neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, radiotherapy and transurethral r esection. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin 80 mg, epirubicin 50 m g and fluorouracil 1 g/camptothecin 30 mg. The average dose of radiotherapy was 30-50 Gy. Results:At the end of neoadjuvant therapy, 1 patient (7.69%) sh owed a complete response and 12 patients (92.31%) showed partial response; tran surethral resection was performed for residual tumors. All patients completed th e treatment and showed good tolerance. With a median follow-up of 26.46 months, local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred in 5 patients (38.46%). Recurre nt tumors were treated with transurethral resection or systematic chemotherapy a nd radiotherapy. Conclusions:concurrent neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy , radiotherapy and transurethral resection is a feasible and promising treatment for patients with bladder cancer with muscle invasion.

Prognostic factors of 152 cases with Ⅲ/Ⅳ stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To compare the survival rates of hyperf ractionated radiotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy with hyperfractionated rad iotherapy alone in the treatment of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) a nd analyze the prognostic factors. Methods:Between December 1992 and December 1995, 144 NPC patien ts were randomized into hyperfractionated radiotherapy plus concurrent chemother apy (R +C) and hyperfractionated radiotherapy alone (R alone).Radiotherapy were similar in the two groups: 1.2 Gy/f, twice a day. Chemotherapy was given to R + C patients before and during the course of radiotherapy. Results:The 5-year overall survival rates of the R + C and R alone groups were 63.3% and 50.7%,repectively . The factors influencing the resu lts were N stage,chemotherapy and the peripheral blood hemoglobin concentration . Conclusions:Hyperfractionated radiotherapy plus concurrent chem otherapy can improve the survival rate, especially for the patients with N2-N3 stage.The negative prognostic factors for Ⅲ/Ⅳ NPC are N2-N3 stage, radiothera py alone and the reduction of hemoglobin during treatment.