Cognitive status and factors influencing hospital infection prevention and control among medical staff in Shaanxi Province during the epidemic of COVID-19 / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To understand the current status of medical staff’s awareness of hospital infection prevention and control during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province and analyze its influencing factors. 【Methods】 The questionnaire was designed on the "Questionnaire Star" website. Based on the WeChat platform, a voluntary sampling method was used to invite online questionnaires. From March 13 to 29, we collected a total of 8037 questionnaires, 30 of which did not meet the requirements and had logical problems, and finally 8 007 valid questionnaires were obtained. 【Results】 A total of 8 007 medical staff were surveyed. Among them, Medical staff of Grade 3A, Grade 3B, Grade 2A, and Grade 2B hospital accounted for 39.6%, 2.3%, 55.3%, and 2.6%, respectively. The average age of the respondents was (32.1±7.2) years old, including 7 199 nurses and 501 doctors. The training effect was statistically significant in different regions, different hospital levels, whether it was a designated hospital and whether there were sensor control supervisors, as well as medical staff of different specialty, professional title, and work area (all P<0.01). The basic cognitive situation of the surveyed subjects showed that most medical staff in Shaanxi Province had a correct rate of less than 30% in whether they needed to disinfect before de-protection and how to disinfect the hospital environment. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the cognition level of medical staff in Grade A hospitals was significantly lower than that in Grade A hospitals (P<0.01). The cognition level of medical staff in designated hospitals was significantly higher than that of others (P<0.01). The cognition level of medical staff in hospitals with sensory control supervisors was significantly higher than that of others (P<0.01). The cognition level of people aged 25-34 and 35-44 was significantly lower than those aged 45 and above (all P<0.01). The cognition level of medical technicians and service personnel was significantly lower than that of doctors (P=0.02 and <0.01, respectively). The cognition level of medical staff with intermediate, associate senior, and senior professional titles was significantly higher than the cognition level of those with junior and below professional titles (all P<0.01). The cognition level of medical staff in fever clinics, emergency departments, isolation wards, ICU and other surgeries was significantly higher than that of those working in ordinary outpatient department (P=0.01, 0.03, <0.01, 0.02, and <0.01 respectively). 【Conclusion】 Most medical staff in Shaanxi Province have misunderstandings about whether they need to disinfect before de-protection and how to disinfect the hospital environment. Moreover, we found that the awareness of medical staff in Shaanxi Province of hospital infection prevention and control during the epidemic of COVID-19 was affected by the hospital’s level, whether it was a designated hospital, whether there were sensor control supervisors, as well as the age, specialty, professional title and work area of the medical staff.

Persistent Bactericidal Action by a Silver Disinfectant on Surfaces of Hospital Furniture.

Aims: In hospitals, surfaces are often colonized by potentially pathogenic micro organisms which can remain alive for long periods of time, thus playing a major role in hospitalacquired infections. One way to overcome this drawback could be to use disinfectants with long-term action. Recent studies have shown that not only do disinfectants containing silver present an immediate effect, reducing the surface bacterial load, but that this action also appears persistent in time. This work assesses the bactericidal activity of a long-lasting disinfectant complex composed of silicon oxide, silver ions and a cationic surfactant (BACTERCLINE ENERGY BLAST) applied on the surfaces of two surgery ward rooms and left in place for different amounts of time (15 min and 72 hours). Study Design: An experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The investigation was carried out in two rooms of a surgical ward at the Villa Erbosa health care facility in Bologna (Italy) over a period of seven weeks. Methodology: The samples were taken using contact plates (diameter: 24 cm2) containing an adequate agar culture medium (Tryptic Soy Agar). After incubation at the temperature of 36±1ºC for 24 and 48h, the number of colonies was counted and the statistical analysis of results was performed. Results: The product was able to achieve a high degree of decontamination (around 90%) immediately after application and that, after 72 hours, decontamination remained at about 55%. The results are statistically significant. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the tested product could be profitably used to decontaminate surfaces in hospital wards.

Use of a Steam Generator for Disinfection of Hospital Ward Room Surfaces.

Objectives: The present work examines the ability of a method — based on saturated overheated dry steam — to decontaminate surfaces in patient rooms in a surgery ward. Study Design: An experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The investigation was carried out in two rooms of a surgical ward at the Villa Erbosa health care facility in Bologna (Italy) over a period of three weeks. Methodology: Samples, using 24 cm diameter contact plates containing an agar-base medium, were taken before and after steam decontamination obtained using a professional steam generator. Results: After steam treatment, the number of CFU (colony forming unit) present on the surfaces analyzed was reduced by 88.41%. Conclusion: These results are significant and indicate that the use of steam provides good results in terms of decontamination of the surfaces in ward rooms. Furthermore steam not leaves residues that could be the source of subsequent chemical contamination of the surfaces.

Das práticas de isolamento às práticas de controle de infecção: uma (re) evolução histórica / From the isolation practices to the infection control practices: a historical (re) evolution

Este trabalho busca relacionar a evolução histórica do conceito de transmissão de doenças e as práticas de isolamento, à gênese e orientação das comissões de controle de infecções, intra e extra-hospitalar. A escolha deste tema surgiu como consequência de questões que vem sendo analisadas e discutidas e que culminaram com a ocorrência da epidemia da síndrome da imunodeficiência humana (AIDS), perpassando pela criação das comissões de controle de infecção hospitalar. A escolha deste tema surgiu como consequência de questões que vem sendo analisadas e discutidas e que culminaram com a ocorrência da epidemia da síndrome da imunodeficiência humana (AIDS), perpassando pela criação das comissões de controle de infecção hospitalar. Constata-se que, a partir da percepção de que situações sociais ou ocorrências relacionadas a epidemias de uma doença, nova ou não, vão sendo construídas verdades e definições que norteiam todo um pensar e agir da sociedade e principalmente dos profissionais da área da saúde, em especial da enfermagem, quanto às práticas de controle das doenças transmissíveis. As mudanças sociais e comportamentais foram se sucedendo ao lingo da história, visando controlar a disseminação das doenças transmissíveis, minimizar riscos, proteger e promover a saúde das populações. Porém, a letalidade da doença e a sua ação discriminatória são fatores que mais tem influenciado o pensar e o fazer no cuidado como o outro, levando os profissionais da saúde a adesão às precauções de isolamento na assistência. Identifica os condicionantes da adoção das práticas de isolamento, desvelando o que é mito e o que é fato nas práticas de isolamento. Ainda são abordadas as incertezas e as dificuldades para o milênio no tocante às práticas de controle de infecção, destacando-se as recomendações aos profissionais da saúde para adesão às práticas de controle de infecções que se refere tanto a proteção pessoal, mas principalmente a proteção do ecossistema.

This work aims at correlating the background of the concept og disease transmission and the isolation practices to the basic and guidance of the Hospital Infection Control Committee inside and outside hospitals. The chice of this subject stemmed from the questions that have been analyzed and discussed into the nursing education at graduate level. This subject is intrinsically related to both the outbreak of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the hospital infection control committees and takes into account the fact that the perception that social developments related to outbreaks of new or already known deseases gives rise to true facts that rule the entire behavior of the saciety, especially the health practitioners, particularly those acting on the nursing field, thaking care of transmissible diseases. Changes in social attitudes and behavior have been made to control the widespread occurence of transmissible diseases, minimize risk, protect and uphold the health of the populations. However, the criticality of the disease and its discriminatory action are the aspects that most affect the thoughts and the procedure in taking care of the human geing and that stand for the decision of adopting or disregarding the isolation precautions by health professional. The identification of the usage of isolation practices reveals what is myth and fact in this practice. In addition, there is still the issue of uncertainty and difficulty in the millennium regarding the practice of infection control. The emphasis is on the recommendation to the healthcare providers to practice infection control not only for personal safety but mainly to the protection of the eco-system.