Application of HPLC multi-components quantification combined with chemometrics and entropy weight-TOPSIS method in comprehensive quality evaluation of Solanum nigrum / 中国药师

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 11 components of Solanum nigrum from different producing areas,and to evaluate the quality by chemometrics and entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(EW-TOPSIS).Methods The 17 batches of Solanum nigrum samples from 8 provinces were collected.The high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of medioresino,pinoresinol,quercetin,rutoside,solasonine,solamargine,khasianine,solasodine,desgalactotigonin,diosgenin and β-sitosterol,and the multi-components quantitative control mode of Solanum nigrum was established.The quality evaluation model of Solanum nigrum was established by using chemical recognition pattern and EW-TOPSIS method,and the overall quality was evaluated comprehensively.Results When the 11 components were in the 0.78-39.00,0.55-27.50,0.34-17.00,0.21-10.50,41.87-2 093.50,60.95-3 047.50,2.58-129.00,1.02-51.00,0.46-23.00,1.05-52.50 and 0.42-21.00 μg/mL(r＞0.999 0),their linear relationships were good.The average recovery was 96.81％-100.28％with the RSD＜2.0％(n=9).17 batches of samples clustered into 3 categories.Solamargine,solasonine,desgalactotigonin and medioresino may be the main potential markers affecting the quality of Solanum nigrum.The results of EW-TOPSIS method showed that,the quality evaluation closeness of 17 batches of Solanum nigrum were 0.433 6,0.416 8,0.624 2,0.500 8,0.479 1,0.636 1,0.568 3,0.250 0,0.190 9,0.222 1,0.170 7,0.720 0,0.698 3,0.744 7,0.717 9,0.720 9 and 0.718 3,respectively,indicating that the overall quality of Solanum nigrum from Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang were better,followed by Jiangsu,Henan and Anhui.Conclusion The established HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 11 components in Solanum nigrum is convenient and accurate.Chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS method are objective and comprehensive,which can be used for the overall quality evaluation of Solanum nigrum.

Comprehensive evaluation based on entropy weighted TOPSIS of the management quality of antimicrobial stewardship after application of PDCA cycle——taking a tertiary hospital as an example / 中国药师

Objective To explore the strategy of constructing a scientific management system for antibiotics in a tertiary hospital,and to provide reference to strengthen the management and rational use of antibiotic.Methods Using PDCA management tools to build a scientifically effective antimicrobial drug management system.Evaluation of management quality of antimicrobial stewardship was constructed by 14 indicators of 5 dimensions.The entropy weight TOPSIS method was used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the changes in various indicators after the implementation of PDCA improvement.Results Based on the entropy weight TOPSIS analysis,the management quality of antibiotics in 2018 was the lowest with the Ci value 0.313 5,and the management quality of antibiotics in 2022 was the highest with the Ci value 0.747 4.The evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship was divided into five dimensions:for the evaluation of antibiotics use density,the Ci value in 2017 was highest;for the evaluation of antibiotics usage rate,the Ci value in 2021 was the highest;for the evaluation of the submission rate before use of antibiotics,the Ci value in 2022 was the highest;for the evaluation of preventive medication for type I incisions,the Ci value was highest in 2022;the evaluation of the cost dimension of antibiotics for hospitalized patients showed the highest Ci value in 2022.The application of PDCA method for antibiotics management had shown an overall improvement trend.Conclusion Based on PDCA method,collaboration through multiple departments for antibiotics management had achieved significant results.The entropy weight TOPSIS method can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotics management,to provide reference for the direction of hospital antibiotics control and policy formulation.

Relationship between Smoking and Vocal Self-perception of Trans Women

Objective: To verify the relationship between smoking, age, schooling, and the vocal self-perception of trans women. Methods: Cross-sectional observational quantitative study conducted with 24 trans women over 18 years old, living in their affirmed gender for a minimum of 6 months. Data collection involved selected questions from the translated and authorized Portuguese version of the Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) and information regarding age, education, occupation, and smoking status. All variables were analyzed descriptively, and the association with smoking was assessed using Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's Exact, Student's T, and Mann-Whitney tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The mean age of trans women was 28.2 +/- 6.5 years (range: 21 - 48). Most participants (41.6%) had completed their high school education and pursued diverse careers. Regarding smoking habits, 58.3% of women were either current smokers or had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. A statistically significant association was found between smoking and age (p = 0.001), with smokers having a lower average age (24.9 years) compared to nonsmokers (32.9 years). However, no statistical significance was observed between smoking, education, and self-perception of vocal femininity. Only 9 (37.5%) trans women perceived their voices as feminine, while 17 (70.7%) desired a more feminine-sounding voice. Limitation: The limited sample size in this study may have constrained the ability to detect significant differences between the analyzed groups using statistical tests. Conclusion: The smoking prevalence was notably high among younger trans women. However, there was no statistically significant difference in vocal self-perception between those who smoked and those who did not. The majority of trans women expressed a desire for their voices to sound more feminine, particularly among smokers.

Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre el tabaquismo, edad, escolaridad y la autopercepción vocal de mujeres trans. Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal cuantitativo realizado con 24 mujeres trans mayores de 18 años, que viven en su género afirmado durante 6 meses. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron preguntas seleccionadas de la versión portuguesa traducida y autorizada del Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ) y datos sobre edad, educación, ocupación y tabaquismo. Todas las variables se analizaron descriptivamente y la asociación con el tabaquismo se realizó mediante las pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, Exacta de Fisher, T de Student y Mann Whitney, con un nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: La edad promedio de las mujeres trans fue de 28,2 +/- 6,5 (rango 21 - 48). La mayoría de las participantes (41,6%) había terminado la escuela secundaria con carreras muy diversas. Respecto al tabaquismo, el 58,3% de las mujeres fuman actualmente o han fumado al menos 100 cigarrillos en su vida. Hubo una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tabaquismo y la edad (p = 0,001), en la que la edad promedio entre los fumadores (24,9 años) fue menor que la de los no fumadores (32,9 años). No hubo significación estadística entre el tabaquismo, la educación y la autopercepción vocal. Solo 9 (37,5%) mujeres trans actualmente consideran su voz femenina y 17 (70,7%) dijeron que la voz ideal podría sonar más femenina. Limitación: La pequeña casuística puede haber limitado la identificación de diferencias entre los grupos analizados a través de pruebas estadísticas. Conclusión: El tabaquismo fue alto entre las mujeres trans, especialmente las más jóvenes. La autopercepción vocal no fue estadísticamente diferente entre los grupos de fumadores y no fumadores. La mayoría de las mujeres trans dijeron que sus voces podrían sonar más femeninas, especialmente las fumadoras.

Sex and Body Mass Index differences after one-year follow-up of an eating disorders risk factors universal prevention intervention in university students in Mexico City / Diferencias por sexo e índice de masa corporal a un año de seguimiento de una intervención de prevención universal para disminuir factores de riesgo para los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en estudiantes universitarios de la Ciudad de México

Abstract Introduction Interventions based on cognitive dissonance theory are the most effective for preventing eating disorders. Objective To identify the changes at one year follow-up of a universal prevention intervention in disordered eating behaviors (DEB), thin-ideal internalization (TII), and drive for muscularity (DM). Method A pre-experimental, pretest-posttest study was conducted on 602 university student subjects (76.1% women and 23.9% men) with an average age of 20.74 years at a public (30.6%) and a private university (69.4%) in Mexico City. A Split Plot ANOVA was performed with the intrasubject variable equal to each measurement (pretest, posttest, and follow-up), as well as the sex and body mass index (BMI) intersubject variables to analyze whether there was a significant interaction between these variables and the changes in dependent variables, as well as the changes through each measurement by group. Results In the intrasubject analyses, statistically significant differences were found for DEB through the various measurements, without taking the interactions into account. Statistically significant interactions were observed between each measurement and BMI, and between each measurement and sex and BMI for the DM variable. Discussion and conclusion Since a reduction of TII in women and DM in men was achieved, together with a decrease in DEB in women, the workshop can be said to have fully achieved its objectives for women and partly so for men.

Resumen Introducción Las intervenciones basadas en la teoría de la disonancia cognoscitiva son las más efectivas para la prevención de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Objetivo Conocer los cambios a un año de seguimiento de una intervención de prevención universal en las conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR), interiorización del ideal estético de la delgadez (IED) y la motivación por la musculatura (MM). Método Se llevó a cabo un estudio pre-experimental pretest-postest en 602 (76.1% mujeres y 23.9% hombres) sujetos estudiantes universitarios con una edad promedio de 20.74 años en una universidad pública (30.6%) y una privada (69.4%) de la Ciudad de México. Se realizó un ANOVA split plot con la variable intrasujetos igual a cada medición (pretest, postest y seguimiento) así como el sexo y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) variables intersujetos, para analizar si existía una interacción significativa entre dichas variables y los cambios sobre las variables dependientes, así como los cambios a través de cada medición por grupo. Resultados en los análisis intrasujetos se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las CAR a través de las distintas mediciones, sin tomar en cuenta las interacciones. Se observaron interacciones estadísticamente significativas entre cada medición y el IMC, y entre cada medición con el sexo y el IMC para la variable MM. Discusión y conclusión Se logró la reducción de la IED en las mujeres y de la MM en los hombres, así como la disminución de las CAR en las mujeres por lo que se considera que el taller logra sus objetivos para las mujeres y parcialmente para los varones.

Uma leitura psicanalítica sobre o consumo de manipulações corporais na contemporaneidade / Une lecture psychanalytique sur la consommation des manipulations corporelles à l'époque contemporaine / A psychoanalytical reading on the consumption of body manipulations in contemporary times

O presente artigo visa abordar o fenômeno contemporâneo do consumo de manipulações corporais do tipo estético a partir da teoria e da clínica psicanalíticas. Nossa hipótese de pesquisa é que a menor potência do ideal do eu em sua vertente de interdito afeta a consistência da imagem corporal, culminando em um sofrimento psíquico provocado pelo desregramento pulsional. Indagamos se a intervenção no corpo poderia apaziguar a relação imaginária através de uma idealização do corpo vendida como mercadoria

Cet article vise à aborder le phénomène contemporain de consommation de manipulations corporelles de type esthétique en s'appuyant sur la théorie et la clinique psychanalytiques. Notre hypothèse de recherche est que la puissance inférieure de l'Idéal du Moi dans son aspect d'interdit affecte la cohérence de l'imagecorporelle, culminant dans la souffrance psychique causée par le trouble instinctif. Nous nous sommes demandé si l'intervention sur le corps pouvait apaiser la relation imaginaire par une idéalisation du corps vendu comme une marchandise

This article aims to address the contemporary phenomenon of consumption of body manipulations of the aesthetic type based on psychoanalytic theory and clinics. Our research hypothesis is that the lower power of the ego ideal in its interdict aspect affects the consistency of the body image, culminating in psychic suffering caused by instinctual disorder. We asked whether intervention in the body could appease the imaginary relationship through an idealization of the body sold as a merchandise.

Determination of the ideal timing of delivery among growth- restricted fetuses at less than 32 weeks age of gestation using a stage-based doppler protocol for admitted patients at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center

OBJECTIVES@#Early onset fetal growth restriction substantially contributes to neonatal mor-bidities and mortalities. The main dilemma lies on the timing of delivery, especially for pre- and peri-viable fetuses, due to the challenge in creating an ideal balance of minimized in-utero hy- poxia-induced fetal injury or death versus the risks of iatrogenic preterm delivery. We wished to determine the ideal timing of delivery among growth-restricted fetuses <32 weeks gestation us- ing a stage-based doppler protocol.@*MATERIALS AND METHODS@#A retrospective-cohort study of 67 singleton-pregnant wom- en with growth restriction at <32 weeks gestation and hospitalized from January 2010 to Sep- tember 2021 was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and the outcomes were extracted. The primary outcomes were arterial pH at birth and mortality, while secondary outcomes includ- ed neonatal morbidities.@*RESULTS@#Fetal growth restriction progressed by an average of 3 stages (41.79%) within a 2- to 3.5-week period. More than half had arterial pH <7.20, which was lowest at Stage II FGR (50.00%). The prevalence of neonatal mortality was 16.42% and was lowest at Stage I (8.70%) and Stage II FGR (18.75%).@*CONCLUSION@#Doppler studies may be conducted weekly for Stage I, biweekly for Stage II, every 1-2 days for Stage III and every 12 hours for Stage IV. Delivery is ideal at Stage II as this resulted in the least number of acidosis and neonatal mortalities.

Research progress on ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors for prevention of diabetes mellitus / 中华全科医师杂志

Diabetes has become a global public health problem due to its high incidence, severe complications and prolonged illness. The ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors provide a straightforward and simple way to quantify important health behaviors and factors, and clear and operable targets for cardiovascular disease prevention. A growing number of studies confirm that having more ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors is also associated with a lower risk of diabetes. This article reviews the relationship between ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors and the occurrence and development of diabetes and its complications, and explores the value of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors in the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of diabetes.

Comprehensive quality evaluation of Tangwei capsule based on HPLC-QAMS multi-index quantitative determination combined with chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS method / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVES@#To detect the contents of Tangwei capsule main components with high performance liquid chromatography-quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (HPLC-QAMS) method and to evaluate the quality with chemometrics and entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (EW-TOPSIS).@*METHODS@#A symmetry C18 column and 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as mobile phase were used for HPLC of Tangwei capsule. The contents of 3'-hydroxypuerarin, puerarin, 3'-methoxypuerarin, methylnissolin-3-O-glucoside, calycosin, formononetin, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone ⅡA and cucurbitacin B in 15 batches of Tangwei capsule were determined simultaneously. The quality differences of 15 batches of samples were analyzed by chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS.@*RESULTS@#The HPLC-UV showed that 13 components had good linear relationships in corresponding concentration ranges (r≥0.9991). The relative standard deviations (RSD) of precision, repeatability and stability were all less than 2.00%. The average recovery rates were between 96.86% and 100.13%, and RSD were all less than 2.00%. Cluster analysis showed that 15 batches of samples were clustered into 3 groups. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that salvianolic acid B, formononetin, puerarin, 3'-methoxypuerarin and rosmarinic acid were the main potential markers affecting the quality of Tangwei capsule. EW-TOPSIS analysis showed that the quality of S12-S15 was superior.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The analytical method established in this study can be used for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Tangwei capsule to provide laboratory support for its quality control and overall evaluation.

Effects of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma on the dissolution of 6 inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility ratio based on grey correlation analysis and TOPSIS model / 中国药师

Objective To discuss the effect of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma with different proportions on the dissolution of 6 inorganic elements(K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca,Mg)in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility based on grey correlation analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method and to provide reference for clinical application.Methods Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was established for simultaneous analysis of inorganic elements K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca,Mg in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.The gray correlation ananlysis and TOPSIS method were used to comprehensively analyze the changes of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum under different compatibility.Results The findings of the ICP-MS determination of inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma were good in terms of linearity,precision,repeatability and stability.The average recovery was 81.78％-104.13％,and the RSD was 2.10％-4.62％(n=6).The dissolution of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum after compatibility with different proportions of Anemarrhena Rhizoma was significantly higher than that of Gypsum Fibrosum single decoction(P＜0.05).The dissolution scores of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum were the highest when the compatibility proportion of Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma was 30∶9.Conclusion ICP-MS is a sensitive and accurate method for determining K,Ti,Sr,Ba,Ca and Mg in Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.The best compatibility ratio of Gypsum Fibrosum-Anemarrhenae Rhizoma is 30:9,which can effectively improve the dissolution of six inorganic elements in Gypsum Fibrosum,and provide the basis for the further compatibility study of Gypsum Fibrosum and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma.

Quality Evaluation of Mori Cortex from Different Producing Areas Based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Method / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the quality of Mori Cortex from different producing areas by the entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution（TOPSIS）， and to provide a new evaluation method for the quality control of Mori Cortex. MethodAccording to the five key indexes of color， thickness， texture， powdery and cortex remain， a subjective scoring table was designed to evaluate the appearance of Mori Cortex. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the fingerprint and the contents of multiple components（mulberroside A， chlorogenic acid， oxyresveratrol， mulberroside C， sanggenone D， sanggenone C， morusin）， and chemometrics was used to explore the differential components of Mori Cortex from different habitats. On this basis， TOPSIS was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Mori Cortex from different habitats， and SPSS 22.0 software was used to carry out bivariate correlation analysis between thickness and appearance color with contents of seven components of Mori Cortex. ResultThose with lighter color， thicker root bark， tougher texture， sufficient powder and less cortex remain scored higher， and the top five were all from Anhui. The established fingerprint and determination methods were stable and reliable. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） screened three components with the variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1（mulberroside A， sanggenone D， sanggenone C）， which made an important contribution to the difference in the origin of Mori Cortex. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between mulberroside C with lightness value（L*） and total chromaticity value（E*ab） and mulberroside A with yellow-blue value（b*）（P<0.05， P<0.01）， a significantly negative correlation between sanggenone C with b* and between morusin with L*（P<0.05， P<0.01）. And there was a significantly negative correlation between mulberroside A， chlorogenic acid， and morusin with thickness（P<0.01）， a clearly negative correlation between sanggenone D with thickness（P<0.05）， a significantly positive correlation between sanggenone C with thickness（P<0.01）. TOPSIS comprehensive scores showed that the samples from Anhui had a good score and ranked high. ConclusionThere are great differences in the quality of Mori Cortex from different habitats， and those with the close habitats show similar characteristics in appearance and component content， and lighter color and less cortex were positively correlated with the quality. Among them， the quality of Mori Cortex from Anhui is relatively good.

O luto da ciência ideal / The mourning of ideal science / Le deuil de la science idéale / El duelo de la ciencia ideal

Resumo A ciência moderna tem sido objeto de idealizações desde sua emergência, as quais parecem perdurar mesmo após revisões e críticas presentes na filosofia da ciência contemporânea. Isso indica que parte das tentativas de readequação da imagem que se constrói sobre a ciência - e dos discursos que circulam sobre ela - não parece ter efeito. Propomos, neste artigo, que essas dificuldades resultam, em parte, da complexidade em lidar com os investimentos libidinais dos processos de idealização. Isso é indicado com base na teoria psicanalítica e na filosofia da ciência, sendo seguido por um trabalho conceitual sobre os mecanismos atuantes em processos identificatórios e nos possíveis efeitos da perda de um ideal, sustentando a necessidade de realização de um luto. Assim, afirmamos que desidealizar a ciência é, sobretudo, uma maneira de fortalecê-la.

Abstract Modern science has been object of idealizations since its appearance, which persist even after revisions and criticisms present in the contemporary philosophy of science. This indicates that many attempts of readjusting the image constructed about science - and the discourses about it - seem to have no effect. Thus, we propose in this article that these difficulties result, in part, from the complexity of dealing with libidinal investments of the idealization processes. This is indicated based on psychoanalytic theory and philosophy of science, being followed by a conceptual work on the mechanisms that act in identification processes and on the possible effects of the loss of an ideal, sustaining the need for mourning. Therefore, we affirm that "de-idealizing" science is, above all, a way to strengthen it.

Résumé La science moderne a fait l'objet d'idéalisations depuis son émergence, qui semblent perdurer même après les révisions et les critiques présentes dans la philosophie de la science contemporaine. Cela indique qu'une partie des tentatives de réajustement de l'image que l'on se fait de la science - et des discours qui circulent à son sujet - ne semblent pas avoir d'effet. Par conséquent, nous proposons dans cet article que ces difficultés résultent, en partie, de la complexité à traiter les investissements libidinaux des processus d'idéalisation. Ceci s'appuie sur la théorie psychanalytique et la philosophie des sciences, suivi d'un travail conceptuel sur les mécanismes agissant dans les processus d'identification et sur les effets possibles de la perte d'un idéal, soutenant le besoin de deuil. Ainsi, nous affirmons que la désidéalisation de la science est, avant tout, une manière de la renforcer.

Resumen Desde su surgimiento, la ciencia moderna viene siendo objeto de idealizaciones, las cuales parecen persistir, incluso, después de revisiones y críticas presentes en la filosofía de la ciencia contemporánea. Esto indica que parte de los intentos de reajustar la imagen que se construye sobre la ciencia - y los discursos sobre ella - parecen no surtir efecto. Este artículo plantea que estas dificultades provienen, en parte, de la complejidad de lidiar con las inversiones libidinales de los procesos de idealización. Esto se fundamenta en la teoría psicoanalítica y la filosofía de la ciencia, y sigue de un trabajo conceptual sobre los mecanismos que actúan en los procesos de identificación y sobre los posibles efectos de la pérdida de un ideal, que sostiene la necesidad del duelo. Por tanto, se defiende que desidealizar la ciencia es una forma de fortalecerla.

Effects of disordered eating behaviors and sedentary lifestyle prevention program in male and female Mexican adolescents / Efectos de un programa de prevención de conductas alimentarias de riesgo y sedentarismo en adolescentes mexicanos, hombres y mujeres

Abstract Introduction Adolescents are the group with the highest risk of developing disordered eating behaviors (DEB). Preventing this problem is of the utmost importance due to the physical and psychological consequences. Objective To evaluate the effects of a universal prevention program for disordered eating behaviors (DEB), thin ideal internalization (TII), drive for muscularity (DM), and sedentary lifestyle among Mexican adolescents. Method A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures (pre-test, post-test, six-month, and one-year follow-up) was carried out in a non-probabilistic sample of 523 adolescents (46.7% of females) aged 15-19 years (Mage = 16.07). We worked in two private high schools, one of them was designed as control group (CG), and the other as intervention group (IG). For both, female and male adolescents', data were collected using the Brief Questionnaire for Disordered Eating Behaviors (BQDEB) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). To evaluate TII the Attitudes toward Body Figure Questionnaire was applied in females, while in males Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) was used. Results After one-year, repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed a significant reduction of the mean DEBs scores both in female (p = .01) and male (p = .03) adolescents of the IG with respect to CG. In IG, females decreased significantly the mean TII score as well as the mean DM score in males. Physical Activity increased in IG females from pre-test to posttest; however, the effect was not maintained over time. Discussion and conclusion These findings have important implications for future interventions with Mexican adolescents. We must take sex differences into account to choose activities and strategies that will enhance the effects of the program.

Resumen Introducción Los adolescentes constituyen el grupo con mayor riesgo de desarrollar conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR). Prevenirlas es de suma importancia debido a las consecuencias físicas y psicosociales. Objetivo Evaluar los efectos de un programa de prevención universal en conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR), interiorización del ideal de delgadez (IID), obsesión por la musculatura (OM) y sedentarismo en adolescentes mexicanos. Método Estudio cuasi-experimental con medidas repetidas (pre-test, post-test, seguimiento a seis meses y un año) en una muestra no probabilística de 523 adolescentes (46.7% mujeres) de 15-19 años de edad (Medad = 16.07). Se trabajó en dos escuelas preparatorias privadas, una como grupo control (GC) y otra como grupo intervenido (GI). Para mujeres y hombres, los datos se recolectaron usando el Cuestionario Breve para Conductas Alimentarias de Riesgo (CBCAR) y la versión corta del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). Para evaluar el IID en mujeres, se utilizó el Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Figura Corporal (CAFC) y en hombres la Escala para Obsesión por la Musculatura (DMS). Resultados Después de un año, el ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostró una reducción significativa en la media de CAR, tanto en mujeres (p = .01) como en hombres (p = .03) del GI respecto al GC. En el GI, la media de IID en mujeres disminuyó significativamente, así como la media de OM en hombres. La actividad física aumentó en las mujeres del GI desde el pre-test hasta el post-test; sin embargo, el efecto no se mantuvo en el tiempo. Discusión y conclusión Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones para futuras intervenciones con adolescentes mexicanos. Se deben tomar en cuenta las diferencias por sexo para elegir las actividades y las estrategias que potenciarían los efectos del programa.

Concepções e práticas sobre uma sociedade ideal: uma análise sobre representações sociais / Conceptions and practices about an ideal society: an analysis of social representations / Concepciones y prácticas sobre una sociedad ideal: un análisis de las representaciones sociales

As representações sociais consistem em princípios organizadores do pensamento social e, portanto, compreendem o conhecimento construído e compartilhado nas interações sociais. Este conhecimento possibilita a construção de posicionamentos e julgamentos direcionados a fatos sociais. A partir desta perspectiva, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi conhecer as representações sociais de brasileiros sobre a sociedade ideal e sobre as ações a nível individual e governamental que esse grupo acreditam ser necessárias para a construção dessa sociedade. Os resultados indicaram que o posicionamento ideológico dos participantes se caracterizou, sobretudo, a partir da presença de valores igualitários, e que estes valores foram o ponto de ancoragem das representações sociais sobre a sociedade ideal e sobre as ações necessárias para obtê-la. (AU)

Social representations consist of organizing principles of social thinking and, therefore, comprise knowledge constructed and shared in social interactions. This knowledge enables the construction of positions and judgments directed to social facts. From this perspective, the objective of this research was to know the social representations of Brazilians about the ideal society and about the actions at individual and governmental level that this group believe are necessary for the construction of this society. The results indicated that the ideological positioning of the participants was characterized, above all, by the presence of egalitarian values and that these values were the anchor point of social representations about the ideal society and about the actions necessary to obtain it. (AU)

Las representaciones sociales consisten en principios ordenadores del pensa-miento social, y por lo tanto, comprenden el conocimiento construidoy compartido en las interacciones sociales. Este conocimiento torna posible la construcción de posiciones y juicios direccionados a factos sociales. Desde esta perspectiva, el objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer las representaciones sociales de brasileños acerca de la sociedad ideal y que acciones, a nivel indivi-dual y gubernamental, estos individuos piensan que pueden contribuir para la construcción de esta sociedad. Se verificó que el posicionamiento ideológico de los participantes se caracteriza sobre todo por la presencia de valores iguali-tarios y que estos valores fueron el punto de encorajen de las representaciones acerca de la sociedad ideal de las acciones necesarias para obtenerla. (AU)

Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Problema de salud en la comunidad universitaria y politécnica ecuatoriana / Prevalence of overweight and obesity. Health problem in the Ecuadorian university and polytechnic community

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar investigaciones relacionados con la prevalencia de bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad en el ámbito universitario para determinar los indicadores de la determinación de este problema de salud. Método: Revisión descriptiva, la búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó a partir de las bases de datos como Scielo, Dialnet, Lilacs, Scopus. PubMed y Portal Regional de la BVS. Que permitió seleccionar 33 artículos científicos. Resultados y conclusiónes: A partir de las investigaciones consultadas los investigadores determinar que, en la mayoría de estas, se da a conocer resultados sobre la prevalencia de obesidad y sobrepeso, sin tener en cuenta el bajo peso y normopeso. Además, en las investigaciones abordadas para determinar la prevalencia de la obesidad y sobrepeso, se realiza a partir del IMC con los datos de la talla y peso corporal de los sujetos investigados y factores los factores sociodemográficos de la población investigada.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze research related to the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in the university setting in order to determine the indicators of the determination of this health problem. Method: Descriptive review, the bibliographic search was carried out using databases such as Scielo, Dialnet, Lilacs, Scopus. PubMed and Regional Portal of the VHL. Which allowed the selection of 33 scientific articles. Results and conclusions: From the researches consulted, the researchers determined that, in most of these, results on the prevalence of obesity and overweight are reported, without taking into account underweight and normal weight. In addition, in the researches approached to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight, it is done from the BMI with the data of the height and body weight of the investigated subjects and the sociodemographic factors of the investigated population.

Problems Of Energy On Planet Earth

A fundamentally new direction in the theory and practice of quantum nonlinear phenomena in non-ideal and very close to non-degenerate plasma has been developed, for the first time the existence of a new state of matter-imperfect plasma-quantum plasma condensate, combining the properties of ordinary liquid and ionized plasma, has been theoretically predicted and confirmed. The quantum non-ideality of non-degenerate plasma and the exchange interaction of electrons in it, leading to effective energy release in the plasma process under study, were investigated. The directions of use of this energy have been determined: for heating, lighting, conversion by means of photocells or MHD-movements into electrical, for obtaining energy in the ultraviolet range. Particular attention in the work is paid to one of the most popular applications of quantum non-ideal plasma - for heating, at which its plasma combustion occurs, and the generation of electrical energy based on the use of a quantum plasma-MHD generator with plasma delamination. Detection of this kind of phase state of non-ideal non-degenerate plasma and its use in engineering and technology will create a fundamentally new effective energy system corresponding to the Sixth Technological Order on a global scale. This source of energy is the only environmentally friendly, not destroying or polluting our planet, and its use cleanses our ecosphere. The paper shows that the use of existing energy undermines people's health, reduces their immunity and resistance to coronaviruses. Measures have been proposed to end coronavirus pandemics on Earth. Information is provided on the technical capabilities of the proposed fundamentally new structures - Universal Modules of Industrial Disintegrators / Activators, which allow to implement grandiose, payback state projects on the basis of the developed nanotechnologies, representing the work of tens of millions of people

Ideal Pedagógico, Religioso, Social y Ecológico de San Francisco de Asís / Pedagogical, Religious, Social, and Ecological Ideal of St. Francis of Assisi

Resumen En torno al ideal Pedagógico, religioso, social y ecológico de San Francisco de Asís se congregaron, para compenetrarse de él, no solo sus discípulos, sino el mundo de su época hasta nuestros días. Es lo que podría llamarse el triunfo del amor y del ideal. Su propuesta de vida, despertaron no solo la admiración, sino que se constituye en una propuesta para hacer frente a una aguda crisis civilizatoria hoy.

Abstract Around the pedagogical, religious, social, and ecological ideal of St. Francis of Assisi, not only his disciples, but also the world of his time, up to the present day, gathered around him to understand him. It is what could be called the triumph of love and the ideal. His proposal of life, awakened not only admiration, but it also constitutes a proposal to face an acute crisis of civilization today.

Índice de masa corporal, peso ideal y porcentaje de grasacorporal en personas de diferentes grupos etarios / Body mass index, ideal weight and percentage of body fat inpeople of different age groups

El objetivo es comparar el IMC con el porcentaje de grasa corporal y el peso ideal, para complementar el IMC en el diagnóstico de obesidad, de un grupo de adultos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo y correlacional, en una muestra de 797 adultos con edad entre 17 y 96 años, atendidos en diferentes centros clínicos de Caracas, entre 2015 y 2018. Las variables son: edad, peso, talla y se calcularon el IMC, porcentaje de grasa corporal (PGC) y peso ideal (PI). Se clasificaron por sexo, grupo etáreo y según el IMC en normalidad y obesidad. Se utilizaron dos fórmulas para el PGC: Deurenberg y Regresión; y tres fórmulas para PI: Lorenz, Ramírez et al y Broca. Se obtuvieron medidas descriptivas, asociación, correlación, comparación de promedios y prueba de normalidad, mediante el soware Excel, Epidat.2. Resultados: Promedios de IMC y PGC aumentan hasta los 40 años y disminuye hasta los 79 años, las variables Talla ­ PI Broca, e IMC- PGCR correlacionan bien (r>0,75). Los promedios del IMC, PGCD, PGCR, PI Broca y PI Lorenz, según sexo, son significativos (p<0,000); para el IMC, en Normalidad y Obesidad, los promedios de peso, IMC, PGCD y PGCR son mayores en grupo de Obesidad, y significativos (p<0,000). La prueba de normalidad Shapiro-Francia comprobó que la distribución del IMC, PGCD, PGCR y PI Lorenz, provienen de una población distribuida normalmente (p< 0,000). Conclusiones: el IMC aun cuando es utilizado más frecuentemente para diagnosticar obesidad, clasifica con normalidad, a quienes tienen un alto porcentaje de grasa corporal(AU)

The objective is to compare BMI with the percentage of body fat and ideal weight, to supplement BMI in the diagnosis of obesity, from a group of adults. METHODS: descriptive, cross-cutting, prospective and correlational study, in a sample of 797 adults between 17 and 96 years old, attended in different clinical centers of Caracas, between 2015 and 2018. the variables are: age, weight, size and BMI was calculated, percentage of body fat (BFP) and ideal weight (IW). they were classified by sex, age group and BMI in normality and obesity. Two formulas were used for BFP: Deurenberg and Regression; and three formulas for IW: Lorenz, Ramirez-Lopez et al and Broca. Descriptive measures, association, correlation, average comparison and normality test were obtained, using Excel software, Epidat.2. RESULT: BMI and BFP averages increase to 40 years and decrease to age 79, the variables Size ­ IW Broca, and BMI- BFPR correlate well (r>0.75). e average BMI, BFPD, BFPR, IW Broca and IW Lorenz, depending on gender, are significant (p<0.000); for BMI, in Normality and Obesity, the weight averages, BMI, BFPD and BFPR are higher in the Obesity group, and significant (p<0,000). the Shapiro-France normality test found that the distribution of BMI, BFPD, BFPR and IW Lorenz, comes from a normally distributed population (p< 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: BMI even though it is most commonly used to diagnose obesity, it classifies normally, those with a high percentage of body fat(AU)

"morrer de vergonha": uma investigação psicanalítica sobre vergonha, humilhação e abjeção na migração de retorno / "die of shame": a psychoanalytic investigation of shame, humiliation and abjection in return migration

RESUMO: A migração de retorno se tornou apenas recentemente objeto de pesquisas no campo da saúde mental. A experiência do migrante de retorno em sua comunidade de origem o expõe aos olhares de alteridade que apontam para a fragilidade tanto de seus ideais egóicos como daqueles partilhados com o grupo cultural, particularmente quando o retorno se faz "com as mãos abanando". Com duas vinhetas clínicas tiradas de uma pesquisa conduzida no Senegal entre 2014 e 2019, abordamos esse cenário no qual os sujeitos enfrentam vergonha, humilhação e abjeção quando retornam, ficando condenados a um espaço marginal de entre-dois migratório.

Abstract: Return migration has only recently become subject of research in the field of mental health. The experience of the returning migrant in his community of origin exposes him to the eyes of otherness that point to the fragility of both his ego ideals and those shared with the cultural group, particularly when the return is made "with empty hands". With two clinical vignettes taken from a survey conducted in Senegal between 2014 and 2019, we approach this scenario in which the subjects face shame, humiliation and abjection when they return, being condemned to a "migratory between-two" marginal space.

Conduct high-quality clinical studies in rectal cancer surgery based upon the IDEAL frame-work and recommendations / 中华消化外科杂志

The idea, development, exploration, assessment, and long-term follow-up (IDEAL) framework and recommendations provide a guiding path for high-quality research and practice for surgical technology innovation. Transanal total mesorectal excision, as a new technology in the field of colorectal surgery, has evolved step by step following the IDEAL framework. At the technical design and development stage, the technique feasibility is verified. At the exploratory stage, small-scale clinical practice is conducted, standardized diagnosis and treatment and surgical technique are developed, and structured training is carried out. During the assessment stage, large-scale rando-mized controlled studies are conducted to confirm the safety and efficacy. Subsequently, long-term monitoring and follow-up of the technique is carried out in clinical practice. All the processes become good example in the field of surgical clinical research. The authors summarize the pioneering works of the research team in quality control, in order to provide references for peers.

Dissection borders of laparoscopic lower mediastinal lymphadenectomy for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction and the quality control / 中华胃肠外科杂志

The lower mediastinal lymphadenectomy is indicated for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG), while the laparoscopic procedure shows some advantages. According to previous studies and results of IDEAL phase 2a study in our institute, the following structures are recommended as the dissection borders: the upper (cranial) is inferior wall of pericardium and pulmonary ligament; the lower (caudal) is diaphragm hiatus (esophagogastric junction); the front (ventral) is anterior inferior wall of pericardium and diaphragm; the back (dorsal) is anterior wall of aorta; the lateral is mediastinal pleura. The standard of quality control is still under investigation.