Exploration and Practice of the Whole-course Care Mode from Hospital to Home for an Advanced Malignant Tumor Patient / 中国医学科学院学报

This paper depicted the whole-course care for an advanced cancer patient from hospital to home.In this case,telemedicine was employed to provide guidance on the symptom control,comfort care,psychotherapy,and bereavement counseling.The patient got the holistic care from the whole family and team.The holistic care finally gave a good death of the patient and aided in the recovery of the family members from grief.

Validación del cuestionario CTM-3-modificado sobre satisfacción con la continuidad de cuidados: un estudio de cohortes / Validation of the CTM-3-Modified Questionnaire on Satisfaction with Continuity of Care: A Cohort Study / Validação do questionário CTM-3-modificado sobre a satisfação com a continuidade de cuidados: um estudo de coortes

RESUMEN Objetivos: validar el contenido y constructo de la encuesta CTM-3 (Care Transitions Measure- 3 preguntas) modificada. Determinar el nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios con la continuidad de cuidados de enfermería interniveles y relacionarlo con la presencia de Informe de Cuidados de Enfermería tras su última hospitalización. Material y método: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo, con 131 pacientes hospitalizados en el Complejo Hospitalario de Cartagena (España).La satisfacción con la continuidad de cuidados se valoró con el cuestionario CTM-3-modificado, resultado de un proceso de validación realizado sobre el mismo. Resultados: un 94% de los encuestados presenta una satisfacción aceptable con el proceso de continuidad de cuidados. Los pacientes con Informe de Cuidados tienen un nivel alto de satisfacción con la continuidad de cuidados, RR= 0,90 (IC 95%: 0,831-0,990). Conclusiones: La validez de contenido y constructo realizadas, han permitido medir la satisfacción de los usuarios con la continuidad y su correlación con la presencia de informe, obteniendo como resultado que la realización de Informe de Cuidados influye ligeramente en la satisfacción con el proceso de continuidad de cuidados. Sin embargo, el hecho de que el informe se entregue en mano y/o se explique no parece afectar a la misma.

ABSTRACT Objectives: validate the content and construction of the modified CTM-3 survey (Care Transitions Measure - 3 questions). Determine the level of user satisfaction with the continuity of intermediate-level nursing care and relate it to the presence of a nursing care report after the most recent hospitalization. Material and method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 131 patients hospitalized at the Cartagena Hospital Complex (Spain). Satisfaction with the continuity of care was assessed with the CTM-3-modified questionnaire, which is the result of an earlier validation process. Results: Ninety-four percent (94%) of those who responded to the questionnaire indicated acceptable satisfaction with the continuity-of-care process. Patients with a care report have a high level of satisfaction with the continuity of care: RR = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.831-0.990). Conclusions: The content and construct validity of the questionnaire make it possible to measure user satisfaction with the continuity of care and its correlation to the presence of a care report, the result being that preparation of a care report slightly influences the level of satisfaction with the continuity-of-care process. On the other hand, the fact that the report is delivered by hand and/or explained appears to have no effect.

RESUMO Objetivos: validar o conteúdo e constructo do questionário CTM-3 (Care Transitions Measure - três perguntas) modificado. Determinar o nível de satisfação dos usuários com a continuidade de cuidados de enfermagem interníveis e relacioná-lo com a presença de relatório de cuidados de enfermagem após sua última hospitalização. Material e método: estudo de coortes retrospectivo, com 131 pacientes hospitalizados no Complexo Hospitalar de Cartagena (Espanha). A satisfação com a continuidade de cuidados foi avaliada com o questionário CTM-3-modificado, resultado de um processo de validação realizado sobre este. Resultados: 94 % dos entrevistados apresentam satisfação aceitável com o processo de continuidade de cuidados. Os pacientes com relatório de cuidados têm nível alto de satisfação com a continuidade de cuidados, RR= 0,90 (IC 95 %: 0,831-0,990). Conclusões: a validade de conteúdo e constructo realizada permite medir a satisfação dos usuários com a continuidade e sua correlação com a presença de relatório, obtendo como resultado que a realização de relatório de cuidados influencia levemente na satisfação com o processo de continuidade de cuidados. Contudo, o fato de que o relatório seja entregue em mãos e/ou seja explicado não parece afetá-la.

Determinants of Out-of-Pocket and Catastrophic Health Expenditure: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: In India, Out of Pocket Health Expenditures (OOPHE) is as high as 70-80% of total health expenditures, borne by the families of ailing persons. In most cases such high OOPHE is catastrophic in nature, in the backdrop of high poverty level in the country. High OOPHE and Catastrophic Health Expenditures (CHE) have a potential to impoverish people. It is therefore important to identify the predictors of OOPHE and CHE, to formulate an equitable and efficient financial protection measure from health expenditure. Methods: The study tried to understand the factors of out-of-pocket health expenditure and catastrophic health expenditure using the cross-sectional data from 986 sampled households in Koderma district of the state of Jharkhand in India. A multi-staged sampling method was followed to select households with incidences of in-patient care in the last one and child birth in the last two years and of out-patient care in the last one month. Alongside health expenditure data of the sampled households, their socio-demographic and socio-economic information were also collected using survey questionnaire. Findings: Male headed households, families with more than five members, household head who were unemployed or were engaged in agriculture or labour works as compared to those in service; household head aged above 60 years, households from higher expenditure quintiles, households with any member suffering from chronic illness, households reporting any episode of hospitalisation, in-patient or delivery services availed from private providers in the reference periods, families living closer to service providers especially private providers were significant predictors of high OOPHE. Residence in rural area (aOR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.10 - 2.49), families living in ‘kutcha’ (mud house) houses (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI 1.06 - 2.0), families with lower social status like Schedule Tribe (aOR: 1.76, 95% CI 1.0 – 3.13), Scheduled Caste (aOR: 1.73, 95% CI 1.02 - 2.92) and Other Backward Classes (aOR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.02 - 2.01) compared to General castes, families where any member suffering from chronic illness (aOR: 2.33, 99% CI 1.48 – 3.67), families where any member had received in-patient care in the last one year irrespective of type of providers (aOR: 2.18, 99% CI 1.60 - 2.97), longer distance from health service providers, had higher likelihood of CHE. Conclusion: The study tried to identify different predictors of Out of Pocket Health Expenditure (OOPHE) and Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE), incurred by families seeking medical care for various ailments. OOPHE was found higher among families from higher expenditure quintile; however, people from disadvantaged socio economic profile had higher likelihood of CHE. Apparently, even smaller OOPHE is proving to be catastrophic for families from lower socio-economic segments. Families with any member suffering from chronic illness were at a higher risk of CHE. OOPHE was considerably higher when services have been sought from private providers compared to public health providers, however, for in-patient care, expenditure incurred in both situations were found to be catastrophic. Urgent action is needed for designing healthcare finance policies that is more equitable and efficient and has a potential to reduce OOPHE and incidences of CHE.