Comparison Between Traditional and Integrated Processing Technology of Leonuri Herba Based on Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effect / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To elucidate the rationality of integrated processing technology of Leonuri Herba based on comparison of chemical constituents and pharmacological effect of Leonuri Herba between traditional and integrated processing technology. Method:The contents of stachydrine hydrochloride,leonurine hydrochloride,rutin,hyperoside and isoquercetin were used as indexes to compare the differences in the contents of chemical constituents between traditional and integration processing technology of Leonuri Herba.Effect of Leonuri Herba with different processing technology on auricular swelling induced by dimethylbenzene in mice were observed to compared the differences of their anti-inflammatory effect.And rat acute blood stasis model was used to compare the differences of Leonuri Herba with different processing technology on hemorheology and blood coagulation indexes. Result:Contents of stachydrine hydrochloride,leonurine hydrochloride,rutin,hyperoside and isoquercetin in products of integrated processing were 1.558%,0.168%,0.137%,0.113% and 0.078%,they were 1.482%,0.134%,0.125%,0.082% and 0.071% in products of traditional processing,respectively.Both of the processing methods could reduce the degree of swelling and the contents of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 in mouse serum.And both of the processing methods could reduce the whole blood viscosity,prolong the thrombin time(TT),prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and reduce the concentration of plasma fibrinogen(FIB) in acute blood stasis model rats. Conclusion:Compared with the traditional processing technology,the integrated processing technology is better in guaranteeing the quality of Leonuri Herba decoction pieces and reducing the production cost,which indicates that the integrated processing of Leonuri Herba is reasonable.

Overproduction of clavulanic acid by extractive fermentation

Background Clavulanic acid is an important beta-lactamase inhibitor produced as a secondary metabolite by the actinomycete Streptomyces clavuligerus. Clavulanic acid is chemically unstable; therefore, it is degraded during bacterial cultivation. In this work, the adsorbents clinoptilolite, activated carbon, calcined hydrotalcite, and Amberlite IRA 400 anionic exchange resin were studied in terms of their ability to adsorb clavulanic acid during extractive fermentation, in order to prevent product degradation and avoid product concentrations reaching inhibitory levels. Adsorption assays were used to investigate the effect of pH, and the decrease in the clavulanic acid concentration in the culture broth was measured for each adsorbent. Results IRA 400 was found to be most effective, with 78% adsorption of clavulanic acid. The maximum production of clavulanic acid in Erlenmeyer flask cultures increased 86% in terms of mass of CA, and 248% in cumulative CA concentration, with the use of Amberlite IRA 400 as adsorbent in extractive fermentation, compared to control fermentation performed without product removal. Conclusions The results indicated that extractive fermentation using a solid phase could be an important way of enhancing clavulanic acid titers. It was also possible to show that clavulanic acid acts as an inhibitor of its own synthesis.