Laboratorio de Cirugía Experimental: innovación tecnológica al servicio de la asistencia, la docencia e investigación / Laboratory of Experimental Surgery: technological innovation at the service of teaching, research and medical assistance

RESUMEN El Laboratorio de Cirugía Experimental de la Universidad de Ciencia Médicas de Villa Clara cuenta con la tecnología necesaria para el montaje y desarrollo de técnicas y habilidades quirúrgicas y microquirúrgicas, las cuales son utilizadas por los profesionales y estudiantes en la docencia y la investigación biomédica. Se realizaron varias innovaciones con la recuperación de equipos, instrumentos y materiales en desuso; se creó el gimnasio quirúrgico conformado por modelos inanimados sintéticos, y se implementó el modelo «pollo¼, como técnica alternativa al uso de animales vivos en la experimentación animal. Se han desarrollado: importantes proyectos de investigación, entrenamientos de cirugía y microcirugía experimental, diversos programas docentes, y exitosos cursos internacionales con estudiantes y residentes. El laboratorio constituye un valioso aporte de alternativas éticas, económicas y sanitarias, que han favorecido la formación de recursos humanos y un servicio científico-técnico de calidad para la docencia y la investigación.

ABSTRACT The Laboratory of Experimental Surgery at the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara has the necessary technology for the assembly and development of skills, as well as, surgical and microsurgical techniques, which are used by professionals and students in teaching and biomedical research. Several innovations were made with the recovery of equipments, instruments and disused materials; the surgical gymnasium was made up of synthetic inanimate models, and the "chicken" model was implemented as an alternative technique to the use of live animals in animal experimentation. Important research projects, training in surgery and experimental microsurgery, diverse teaching programs, and successful international courses with students and residents have been developed. The laboratory constitutes a valuable contribution of ethical, economic and sanitary alternatives, which have favored the formation of human resources and a qualified scientific-technical service for teaching and research.

Laboratory study of oxidative stress in dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Dry eye syndrome refers to a general term for various diseases in which tear fluid quality orabnormality or kinetic abnormality is caused by any cause, resulting in decreased tear film stability, accompanied by ocular discomfort and/or ocular surface tissue lesion characteristics. Dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial disease that is greatly affected by age and environmental factors. Among them, oxidative stress is closely related to age-related dry eye. In this article, based on animal experiments, the role of oxidative stress in dry eye syndrome was pointed out by establishing animal models of oxidative stress and monitoring the levels of biomarkers and antioxidant defenses indicative of oxidative damage in ocular surface tissue. In addition, some interventional studies have shown that oxidative stress may be a direct target for local treatment of dry eye. Certain substances may effectively reduce oxidative stress damage, thereby achieving the effect of treating dry eye. Further research on oxidative stress in recent years has shown that oxidative stress has an increasingly important role in dry eye, providing a basis for clinical intervention against oxidative stress.

Evaluation of the feeding preference between the aquatic macrophytes Egeria densa and Chara indica by the invasive mollusk Melanoides tuberculata / Avaliação da preferência do molusco invasor Melanoides tuberculata pelas macrófitas aquáticas Egeria densa e Chara indica

Abstract This study evaluated the feeding preference of the invasive mollusk Melaniudes tuberculata between the aquatic macrophytes Egeria densa and Chara indica. The experiment consisted of twelve experimental units (glass aquariums) each of which contained three liters of water and three compartments. Fragments of E. densa and C. indica were placed in separate compartments within each unit; the third compartment, which did not contain macrophytes, was used as the control. Twenty Melanoides tuberculata individuals were placed in each unit and monitored hourly over the course of 24 hours for preferential movements. Physical and chemical water variables were measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. Habitat complexity was determined through collected macrophyte fragments and determined using the Fractop program. After 24 hours, the highest average number of individuals was observed in the treatment with Chara indica (ten individuals), which differed significantly from the treatment with E. densa (four individuals) and the control treatment (two individuals). The number of individuals between the E. densa and control treatment were similar. M. tuberculata showed a clear feeding preference for C. indica.

Resumo O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a preferência do molusco invasor M. tuberculata pelas macrófitas aquáticas Egeria densa e Chara indica. Doze unidades experimentais (aquários de vidro), com dimensões de 30×15×15 cm, subdivida em três compartimentos foram utilizadas. Em cada unidade experimental foram adicionados três litros de água, sendo que em dois compartimentos foram adicionados aleatoriamente fragmentos de E. densa e C. indica e um compartimento ficou sem planta (controle). Na parte central do aquário foram adicionados os moluscos equidistantes dos três compartimentos. O experimento teve duração de 24 horas, sendo vistoriado e contabilizado o número de organismos presentes em cada compartimento a cada hora. As variáveis ambientais foram medidas no inicio e fim do experimento. Fragmentos de macrófitas foram coletados para determinação da complexidade do habitat através do programa Fractop. Após 24 horas, os resultados mostraram um maior valor médio de indivíduos no tratamento que possuía Chara indica (dez indivíduos), que diferiu significativamente do tratamento com E. densa (quatro indivíduos) e do tratamento controle (dois indivíduos). Os tratamentos com E. densa e o controle foram semelhantes entre si evidenciando, uma possível preferência do molusco por a C. indica.

Predation effects of Melanoides tuberculatus Müller 1774) on periphytic biofilm colonization: an experimental approach

The present study evaluated the predation effects of the gastropod Melanoides tuberculatus on the taxa richness and density of the periphyton community. A laboratory experiment was conducted with two treatments: control (without M. tuberculatus) and with M. tuberculatus, each treatment being replicated four times. For periphyton colonization, glass slides were placed in 3.5 L of water from the environment of the gastropods. The analysis of species richness and density of the periphyton community on these artificial substrates showed significant differences (p <0.05) between treatments. In the treatment with M. tuberculatus, taxa richness and density were lower, with a predominance of Chantrasia macrospora in the last days of the experiment. It follows that predation by M. tuberculatus destabilizes the course of periphyton colonization, suggesting the possibility of disruption of natural food chains, however, more studies are needed in this perspectives.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da predação de Melanoides tuberculatus sobre a riqueza de táxons e densidade da comunidade perifítica. Foi realizado experimento em laboratório, com dois tratamentos: controle (ausência de M. tuberculatus) e com M. tuberculatus, sendo cada tratamento replicado quatro vezes. Para a colonização da comunidade perifítica foram colocados 3,5 L de água do ambiente de origem dos gastrópodes, em cada tratamento e 49 cm2 de substrato previamente colonizado e 20 lâminas como substratos artificiais, durante 24 dias. A análise da riqueza de táxons e densidades da comunidade perifítica nos substratos artificiais mostrou diferença (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos. Os tratamentos com M. tuberculatus apresentaram menor riqueza e densidade, com predominância da Chantrasia macrospora nos últimos dias do experimento. Conclui-se que a predação do M. tuberculatus desestabiliza o curso da colonização do perifiton e consequentemente pode causar a ruptura das cadeias naturais, contudo mais estudos nessa perspectiva são necessários.

Antitumor activity of different organic solvents extracts and plumbagin from plumbago zeylanica L. on EMT-6 breast cancer and transplanting S180 in vivo / 中国药理学通报

Aim To find out the effect of the different organic solvents extracts and plumbagin from Plumbago zeylanica L.on EMT-6 breast cancer of BALB/C mouse and transplanted S180 of KM mouse primarily.Method Experiments of animal transplanted tumor in vivo were adopted.Results ① The high dose of chloroform group and plumbagin group could inhibit the growth of EMT-6 breast cancer in BALB/C mice in vivo.Compared with that of physiological saline group,tumor weight has obviously lightened(P