Molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects of metal ions / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Resistance to the inflammatory response is an important part of promoting the repair of damaged tissue and improving the local inflammatory response caused by medical bio-implant materials has been a key issue to be addressed in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the anti-inflammatory effects of common metal ions and related molecular mechanisms to provide some theoretical references for improving the early inflammatory response of hosts caused by bio-implant materials. METHODS:A computer search of the relevant literature in PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and WanFang databases was conducted using"metal ions,magnesium ion,zinc ion,silver ion,copper ion,inflammation,anti-inflammatory effects,oxidative stress,immunoregulation,signaling pathways"as Chinese and English search terms.Preliminary screening was conducted by reading the titles and abstracts.Finally,80 papers were included for result analysis and summary. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Metal ions such as magnesium,zinc,silver and copper have a good anti-inflammatory effect.The strength of this anti-inflammatory effect is strongly correlated with the dose and duration of action.In the future,consideration can be given to controlling the release rate of ions and adjusting the appropriate therapeutic concentration to achieve the best anti-inflammatory effect.(2)Magnesium ions and zinc ions exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory activity,with magnesium ions often being beneficial in anti-inflammatory therapy in the form of compounds such as magnesium sulfate and zinc ions regulating the body's inflammatory response with zinc feed as the main source of zinc supplementation.(3)Silver and copper ions have some anti-inflammatory effects,but are still predominant for their excellent antibacterial activity,mainly in the form of nanoparticles and bio-coatings.(4)Magnesium and zinc metal ions can be combined with natural extracts to form complexes to exert anti-inflammatory effects,and this method has the advantage of being inexpensive and widely available and is a sustainable and green approach,which is worthy of clinical promotion.(5)Metal ions such as magnesium,zinc,silver and copper exert anti-inflammatory effects by reducing host oxidative stress damage,modulating immune cells and inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB,Toll-like receptor,STAT3 and NOD.(6)The molecular mechanism related to the anti-inflammation of metal ions is a complex network,which is not the effect of a single pathway,but should be a combination of multiple signaling pathways.There are still many potential mechanisms that have not yet been explored,and more systematic elucidation of the interconnections between various signaling pathways is needed in the future.

Research advances in the effects of magnesium ion on the development of preterm infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Magnesium ion(Mg2+)plays an important role in maintaining the life and health of the body. In preterm infants,the protective effect of prenatal Mg2+ supplementation on the nervous system of preterm infants has been widely recognized. Researchers begin to pay attention to the effects of serum Mg2+ level on the development of nervous system and effects of prenatal exposure to Mg2+ on the non-nervous system in preterm infants. The effects of Mg2+ on the development of neural and non-neural system in preterm infants were summarized.

Research advances in the effects of magnesium ion on the development of preterm infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Magnesium ion (Mg2+ ) plays an important role in maintaining the life and health of the body.In preterm infants, the protective effect of prenatal Mg2+ supplementation on the nervous system of preterm infants has been widely recognized.Researchers begin to pay attention to the effects of serum Mg2+ level on the development of nervous system and effects of prenatal exposure to Mg2+ on the non-nervous system in preterm infants.The effects of Mg2+ on the development of neural and non-neural system in preterm infants were summarized.

A Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Magnesium Ion(Ⅱ) Based on Novel Schiff's Base / 分析化学

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe TZ based on a novel Schiff's base was prepared for detection of Mg2+. It was constituted by introducing dansyl chloride and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde through amino and hydrazide groups on p-aminobenzoyl hydrazide. The recognition mechanism of the fluorescent probe TZ for Mg2+was studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. UV-vis spectra showed that the probe TZ had a characteristic absorption peak of naphthalene aldehyde at 386. 5 nm,and a new absorption peak at 411 nm was observed after coordination between TZ with Mg2+. A sharp isobestic point was obtained at 400 nm. Fluorescence spectra showed that the emission wavelength was red-shifted to 400 nm upon the addition of Mg2+into probe TZ. The fluorescence intensity was enhanced by 10 times at the emission wavelength of 468 nm and the quantum yield of 0.57 was obtained. Moreover,chemical bond energy transfer was found when 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde was coordinated with Mg2+. When the other metal ions (Li+,Na+,K+,Zn2+,Ca2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Ag+, etc.) were added into TZ, no significant change of fluorescence intensity was observed. It indicated that TZ had high selectivity to Mg2+. Furthermore, the recognition of TZ to Mg2+was not interfered by other competing metal ions. ESI-MS titration and Job's plot analysis confirmed that 1: 1 complexation stoichiometry between TZ and Mg2+was obtained. The lowest detection limit was up to 0.13 μmol/L.

Cellular Response of Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Titanium Surfaces Implanted with Calcium and Magnesium Ions

Surface characteristics and cellular response to titanium surfaces that had been implanted with calcium and magnesium ions using plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition (PIIID) were evaluated. Three different titanium surfaces were analyzed: a resorbable blast media (RBM) surface (blasted with hydroxyapatite grit), a calcium ionimplanted surface, and a magnesium ion-implanted surface. The surface characteristics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface roughness testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured on the 3 different surfaces. Initial cell attachment was evaluated by SEM, and cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to quantify osteoblastic gene expression (i.e., genes encoding RUNX2, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin). Surface analysis did not reveal any changes in surface topography after ion implantation. AES revealed that magnesium ions were present in deeper layers than calcium ions. The calcium ion- and magnesium ion-implanted surfaces showed greater initial cell attachment. Investigation of cell proliferation revealed no significant difference among the groups. After 6 days of cultivation, the expression of RUNX2 was higher in the magnesium ion-implanted surface and the expression of osteocalcin was lower in the calcium ion-implanted surface. In conclusion, ion implantation using the PIIID technique changed the surface chemistry without changing the topography. Calcium ion- and magnesium ion-implanted surfaces showed greater initial cellular attachment.

Studies on the Influence of Metal Ion Calcium and Magnesium on Quality Stability of Omeprazole Sodium Solution for Injection / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the stability of omeprazole sodium solution for injection under the influence of metal ion calcium and magnesium.METHODS:HPLC was adopted to determine the variation of the content of omeprazole sodium solution acted by metal ion calcium and magnesium of different concentrations in different time.The change in colour and luster was also observed.RESULTS:Omeprazole sodium solution tended to disintegrate rapidly along with the prolonging of time,and increase with the increasing of concentration;when Mg2+ was added,change in color was seen,with no degradation substance produced;when Ca2+was added,change in color was also seen,with white deposit produced.CONCLUSION:Ca2+ and Mg2+ show significant influence on the stability of omeprazole sodium solution.

Effect of Magnesium Ion in the Culture Medium on the Development of Preimplantation Mouse Embryos In Vitro / 대한불임학회지

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of magnesium ion in the culture medium on the development of mouse fertilized oocytes either before or after pronuclear formation, and to investigate whether the effect of magnesium ion is related with the redistributional change of mitochondria. METHODS: Fertilized oocytes obtained from the oviducts of mice at 15 hr after hCG injection before pronuclear formation (pre-PN) or 21 hr after hCG injection after pronuclear formation (post-PN) were used. The embryos were cultured for 3 days with basic T6 medium-magnesium free and various concentrations of magnesium ion, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 mM, respectively. After culture, the developmental stages of embryos and the number of nuclei were evaluated. To observe the effects of magnesium ion on the mitochondrial distribution, fertilized oocytes were collected at 21 hr after hCG injection and cultured for 6 hr with various concentration of magnesium ion. As a control, fertilized oocytes with pronuclei at 27 hr after hCG injection were used. RESULTS: The concentration of magnesium ion to accelerate the in vitro development of mouse fertilized oocytes appeared to be at 2.0 mM for the pre-PN and the post-PN stage embryos. In the mitochondrial redistribution patterns, the embryos cultured in 2.0 mM concentration of magnesium ion showed the highest percentage (22.6%) of distinct perinuclear clustering pattern comparing to other experimental group. CONCLUSION: The effect of magnesium ion may be related to the cytoplasmic redistribution of mitochondria. This relationship seems to connect the developmental competence of preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro. These results can suggest that higher concentration of magnesium ion (2.0 mM) than those of conventional culture medium (0.2~1.2 mM) is more suitable for in vitro culture of preimplantation mouse embryos.

Clinical Study of Effect of Magnesium ion on Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Injury / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the curative effect of magnesium ion on patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods According to the standards,80 patients with severe craniocerebral injury were chosen and divided into control group and experimental group randomly. The control group received routine therapy and the experimental group received routine therapy plus magnesium sulfate. Serum endothelin(ET) and Glasgow coma score(GCS)of all the patients were measured at different time respectively,and Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)of all the patients were determined after 3 months,and then these data were analyzed statistically. Results Compared with the control group, Serum ET in the experimental group were lower,GCS were higher,and GOS were better. All these differences were significant(P