RESUMO
The epidemiological and entomological investigations were carried out in 18 tribal villages of Godda district of Jharkhand state revealed average slide positivity rate (SPR) 9.9% and slide positivity rate for Plasmodium falciparum (SfR) 5.0%, respectively. P. falciparum was the dominant parasite accounting 51.2 per cent of the total infections. All the villages are situated in the deep forest and forest fringes. A total of 416 blood slides were collected and examined. Out of which 41 slides were found positive for malaria parasite (21 positive for P. falciparum and 20 positive for P. vivax). All the positive cases were treated with Blister Packs of anti-malarial of chloroquine and primaquine as per NBVDCP schedule to prevent further transmission of malaria, which were available. Rapid diagnostic Kits were used selectively only on the recommendation of the Physician/Medical Officer. Results of house to house fever survey indicated the presence of high percentage of symptomatic carriers of malaria parasites in the local population and in our study Pf % is more than reported data by District Malaria Office, Godda district, Jharkhand. In entomological studies, for mosquito fauna with reference to both Anopheline, 11 species belonging to one genus Anopheles were collected and identified during the survey; among them some species were most prevalent. A total of 599 mosquitoes were recorded and average density of mosquitoes recorded was 13.19 in human dwellings and 86.11 in cattle sheds.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze malaria situation and evaluate the effect of control program in Henan Province during 1990-2005. Methods Data were collected and analyzed on the measures and effects of malaria control, vector surveillance, blood examination for cases with fever and serological surveillance in the province during 1990-2005. Results In the 16 years, a total of 802 700 people were given pre-transmission season treatment with chloroquine and primaquine for a radical cure of vivax malaria, chemoprophylaxis was given to 764 300 people at high risk during the transmission season, treatment or presumptive treatment was given to 43 891 cases. 11 216 100 cases with fever were tested and 11 213 (0.10%) were found positive accounting for 29.01% (11 213/338 654) of all malaria cases. A total of 1 332 800 bed nets were treated with insecticide and 1 999 300 people were protected in 1990-1992 and 1996-1999. 34 846 residents including pupils were tested with IFAT in 1990-2000 and 1149 (3.30%) were positive. The parasite rate amongst 71 234 local residents including pupils was 0.40% (286/71 234). The principal transmitting vectors were Anopheles sinensis and An.anthropophagus. The man-biting habit for An. sinensis and An.anthropophagus was 0.060 8 and 0.314 3 respectively, and the vectorial capacity of An.anthropophagus was 22.4 times higher than that of An.sinensis. In this period, 38 654 malaria cases were reported in the province and the annual malaria incidence was 2.62 per hundred thousand, the lowest annual incidence was in 1992 (0.37 per hundred thousand). 70.05% (27 076/38 654) of these malaria cases were from areas where An. anthropophagus was present. Conclusions In general, the malaria control activities have been effective and the epidemiological situation kept stable in Henan Province, although in some areas the situation is unstable and outbreak spots or focal epidemics occur.