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ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of first aid knowledge among middle-aged and elderly residents aged 50 and above in a community in Shanghai， in order to provide reference for improving the self-rescue and mutual aid capabilities of middle-aged and elderly residents. MethodsA multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a survey on 335 residents aged 50 and above in a community in Shanghai using a self-made survey questionnaire. The current situation and related factors of emergency knowledge level of residents aged 50 and above in the community were comprehensively analyzed. ResultsFirst aid knowledge level of 335 residents aged 50 and above was low， and the rate of high cognitive level was only 24.18%. Univariate analysis showed that male residents had a higher awareness rate than female residents （P=0.044）， while residents aged 70 and above and 60‒ had lower awareness rates than residents aged 50‒ （P<0.05）. Residents with chronic diseases had a higher awareness rate than those who did not （P=0.031）. Residents with family members suffering from chronic diseases had a higher awareness rate than those without （P<0.001）. Experience of first aid training affected residents’ awareness of first aid （P=0.003）. ConclusionThe level of first aid knowledge among middle-aged and elderly residents aged 50 and above in the community is low. Age， the presence of chronic diseases in family members， and emergency training are independent and relevant factors that affect the awareness of first aid knowledge among middle-aged and elderly residents. The government and relevant institutions should explore the establishment of a standardized emergency response training system， implement classification and grading for middle-aged and elderly groups with different characteristics， and provide targeted emergency training to strengthen their self-rescue and mutual aid capabilities and improve the success rate of pre-hospital emergency care.
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Objective @#To investigate the mediating effect of negative emotions on visual impairment and resilience among middle-aged and elderly populations, so as to provide insights into improving psychological health among middle-aged and elderly populations.@*Methods@#Demographic information, visual impairment, negative emotions and resilience in the residents at ages of 45 years and older were collected through the database of the Yushu Physical and Mental Health Survey carried out by Institute of Psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Structural equation model was used to analyze the effects of visual impairment and resilience and the mediating role of negative emotions. @*Results@#Totally 2 997 middle-aged and elderly populations were enrolled, with the median age of 50.00 (interquartile range, 47.00) years. There were 1 320 males (44.04%) and 1 677 females (55.96%), 1 627 illiterate persons (54.29%), and 2 780 married persons (92.76%). The scores of visual impairment, negative emotions and resilience were (6.79±2.59), (6.35±3.05) and (33.38±10.41) points, respectively. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender, educational level and marital status, visual impairment had a direct negative positive effect on resilience, with a direct effect value of -0.157 (95%CI: -0.177 to -0.137), and visual impairment could also negatively affect residence through negative emotions, with a mediating effect value of -0.112 (95%CI: -0.126 to -0.104), and the mediating effect contributed 41.64% to the total effect.@*Conclusion@#visual impairment could reduce residence directly or indirectly through the mediating effect of negative emotions among middle-aged and elderly populations.
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Objective To conduct a retrospective cohort study on the influencing factors of poor prognosis of young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Selecting 426 young and middle-aged patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital from January to December 2018 as the research subjects. Collecting the social demography information of all patients and the information of potential factors affecting the prognosis (allergy history, smoking history, drinking history, BMI level, disease information, treatment information, etc.) and discussing the factors affecting the prognosis of young and middle-aged pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their effects. Results The average age of 426 patients was (41.93±5.17) years old, the average BMI of them was (21.97±3.15) kg/m2, and an average course of disease of them was (2.76±0.99) years. There was no significant difference in the basic sexual information between men and women. In this study, a total of 128 patients with poor prognosis were retrospectively followed up, including 90 males and 38 females. The detection rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (χ2=16.976, P2=18.850, P2=38.924, P2=127.207, P2=32.566, P2=16.715, P2=17.315, P2=16.976，P1 and P1 and P<0.05; Regular treatment still showed potential protective factors, with an HR of 0.408, P<0.05. Conclusion: Male, emaciated body type, disease course ≥ 5 years, smoking history, number of lung field lesions ≥ 3, presence of pulmonary cavities and comorbidities are potential risk factors, while regular treatment suggests potential protective factors. Conclusion More targeted disease control and management should be implemented for middle-aged and young patients with pulmonary tuberculosis based on the aforementioned influencing factors to improve their prognosis.
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ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between skeletal muscle mass and metabolic syndrome （MS） disease risk among middle-aged and elderly community residents in Urumqi， and to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and MS among middle-aged and elderly community residents in China. MethodsA total of 1 438 community residents ≥ 50 years old were selected as the research subjects from July 2018 to January 2019 in Urumqi. They were selected from a multi-ethnic natural population cohort in Xinjiang. Data were collected through questionnaires， physical examination， bioelectrical impedance analysis （BIA）， laboratory tests， etc. Skeletal muscle mass was evaluated using the limb skeletal muscle mass index （SMI） corrected for body weight； MS was defined as it at least includes three of the following： abdominal obesity， hypertension， hyperglycemia， high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. SMI was divided into four quantile arrays of Q1‒Q4. Trend χ2 test was applied to explore whether there was a correlation between SMI changes and MS. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze whether there is a difference in the risk of MS between the higher SMI group （Q2， Q3， Q4） and the reference group Q1. ResultA total of 560 MS patients were detected in this study， with a prevalence rate of 38.94%. Among them， the prevalence rate of MS was 39.16% in males and 38.80% in females. The increase in male SMI grading level is not correlated with the prevalence of MS （trend P>0.05）； After adjusting for confounding factors （model 4）， the increase in SMI was still not related to the prevalence of MS （Ptrend=0.995）. There was no statistical difference in the risk of MS between the lowest quartile group Q1 and the highest quartile group Q4 （OR=1.01， 95%CI： 0.69‒1.78）. The prevalence of MS in women gradually decreased with the increase of SMI grading level （Ptrend<0.001）； After adjusting for confounding factors （model 4）， there was still a correlation between the increase of SMI and the prevalence of MS （Ptrend=0.005）. With the lowest quartile of SMI Q1 as the reference group， the risk of MS in Q2 （OR=0.63， 95%CI： 0.40‒1.00）， Q3 （OR=0.56， 95%CI： 0.34‒0.94）， Q4 （OR=0.42， 95%CI： 0.23‒0.76） decreased. ConclusionAn increase in skeletal muscle mass may be beneficial for preventing MS， especially among middle-aged and elderly female residents. Considering the intensification of aging in China and the close relationship between MS and related comorbidities， managing skeletal muscle mass may contribute to potential MS prevention.
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Background The number of persons with thyroid nodules has increased rapidly in recent years, and thyroid cancer caused by malignant nodules has become a key problem endangering the health of young and middle-aged groups in China. Objective To explore work and lifestyle influencing factors for developing thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged patients with thyroid nodules. Methods The subjects with thyroid nodules were reported by routine physical examines ordered at the Huadong Sanatorium. We conducted a 1∶4 matched case-control study in which 232 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer from 2012 to 2022 were matched to 928 controls by gender and age (±5 years). A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on work and lifestyle behaviors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore potential relationships between selected factors (including environment, working hours, stress, diet, exercise, and mental health) and thyroid cancer. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlations between variables. Results The results of univariate logistic regression showed a history of thyroid cancer reported among first-degree relatives (OR=6.059, 95%CI: 1.007, 36.473), obesity (OR=1.973, 95%CI: 1.296, 3.004), noise and vibration exposure (OR=1.988, 95%CI: 1.143, 3.456), frequent stress (OR=2.093, 95%CI: 1.231, 3.559), frequent depression (OR=2.034, 95%CI: 1.048, 3.947), frequent anger (OR=1.791, 95%CI: 1.066, 3.012), frequent fried food diet (OR=1.535, 95%CI: 1.026, 2.297), and frequent fast food diet (OR=1.836, 95%CI: 1.048, 3.215) were risk factors for reporting thyroid cancer developing from thyroid nodules, while regular meals (OR=0.245, 95%CI: 0.061, 0.989) and frequent exercise (OR=0.571, 95%CI: 0.342, 0.952) were protective factors for reporting no thyroid cancer. The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that body mass index was positively correlated with frequent fried food, fast food, and sugary beverage diets (r=0.123, 0.083, 0.077, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with frequent depression and anger (r=−0.090, −0.070, P<0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression found that a history of thyroid cancer reported among first-degree relatives (OR=6.712, 95%CI: 1.071, 42.066), obesity (OR=2.032, 95%CI: 1.321, 3.125), noise and vibration exposure (OR=1.991, 95%CI: 1.089, 3.637), and frequent stress (OR=2.468, 95%CI: 1.417, 4.300) were associated with an elevated risk of reporting thyroid cancer developing from thyroid nodules patients. Regular exercise (frequency≥3 times·week−1, > 30 min per episode) (OR=0.516, 95%CI: 0.300, 0.890) was associated with a lowered risk of reporting thyroid cancer. Conclusions Multiple risk factors associated with reporting thyroid cancer among young and middle-aged groups with thyroid nodules are identified, such as obesity, noise and vibration exposure, frequent stress, and lack of exercise.
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ABSTRACT. Given the importance of dementia syndrome and its impacts on the population, interest in studying modifiable risk factors for dementia is growing. Objective: To compare the prevalence of risk factors for dementia in middle-aged and older adults over a two-year period and to identify what variables in baseline were predictive of cognitive decline in the follow-up. Methods: Longitudinal and quantitative study, with follow-up evaluation after two years, conducted with 200 participants aged 45 years or more, registered in Primary Care Units. In the baseline (2018/2019) and follow-up (2021) assessments, sociodemographic data were collected, and cognitive performance and risk factors for dementia were evaluated (education, hearing loss, head trauma, high blood pressure, alcohol use, obesity, smoking, depressive symptoms, social isolation, physical inactivity, and diabetes mellitus). Data were compared using the McNemar's test. Individual multinomial logistic regression models were performed to identify the factors associated with cognitive decline after two years. Results: The percentages of low education, traumatic brain injury, and smoking remained the same in both assessments. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure (from 55.0 to 62.0%) and physical inactivity (from 58.5 to 74.5%) and a significant reduction in social isolation (from 25.0 to 18.0%). Participants with depressive symptoms in baseline had a higher risk of cognitive decline in follow-up. Conclusion: There was an increase in the prevalence of high blood pressure and physical inactivity and a reduction in social isolation after two years. Depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline.
RESUMO. Dada a importância da síndrome demencial e de seus impactos na população, cresce o interesse em estudar os fatores de risco modificáveis para a demência. Objetivo: Comparar a prevalência de fatores de risco para demência em adultos de meia-idade e pessoas idosas, em um período de dois anos, e identificar quais fatores de risco na avaliação de base predizem o declínio cognitivo na avaliação de acompanhamento. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal e quantitativo, com avaliação de acompanhamento após dois anos, realizado com 200 participantes com 45 anos ou mais, cadastrados na Atenção Básica. Nas avaliações de base (2018/2019) e de acompanhamento (2021) foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, foram feitas avaliação cognitiva e avaliação dos fatores de risco para demência (escolaridade, perda auditiva, traumatismo craniano, hipertensão arterial, uso de álcool, obesidade, tabagismo, sintomas depressivos, isolamento social, inatividade física, diabetes mellitus). Os dados foram comparados pelo teste de McNemar. Modelos de regressão logística multinominal individuais foram conduzidos para identificar quais fatores estavam associados ao declínio cognitivo após dois anos. Resultados: Os percentuais de baixa escolaridade, traumatismo craniano e tabagismo mantiveram-se os mesmos nas duas avaliações. Houve aumento significativo da prevalência de hipertensão arterial (de 55,0 para 62,0%) e inatividade física (de 58,5 para 74,5%), e redução significativa do isolamento social (de 25,5 para 18,0%). Participantes com sintomas depressivos na avaliação de base apresentaram maior risco de declínio cognitivo no acompanhamento. Conclusão: Houve aumento das prevalências de hipertensão arterial e inatividade física; e redução do isolamento social. Sintomas depressivos predizem declínio cognitivo.
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Background: Middle-aged and older adults often mistakenly underestimate the risk to which they are exposed when they engage in risky sexual behaviors. Furthermore, a reliable and valid measurement of the construct is necessary to capture its scope and meaning. Objective: To validate the structure of the Perceived Risk Scale for STIs in middle-aged and older adults, identify their perceived risk of STIs, and identify their relationship with some sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: The sample was composed of 295 middle-aged and older adults. A virtual online sampling was used. Males and females aged 50 years and older, sexually active in the last 12 months, were included. To measure the perceived risk of STIs, the scale of perceived risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was adapted, and a confirmatory factor analysis of the proposed three-factor structure was carried out. Results: The proposed structure of the scale was found to present acceptable adjustment rates (X 2= 48.283, p <.001; CFI = .962, RMSEA = .079, GFI = .963, TLI = .938). 28.1% of the participants presented low perceived risk; 46.8%, medium perceived risk; and 25.1%, high perceived risk. Association between marital status and perceived risk of STIs was identified. Conclusion: The Perceived Risk Scale for STIs is a reliable and valid instrument for capturing perceived risk of STIs in middle-aged and older adults. An appropriate measurement is considered important to accurately examine the relationship between perceived risk and behavior.
Antecedentes: Los adultos de mediana y tercera edad suelen subestimar erróneamente el riesgo al que se exponen cuando realizan conductas sexuales de riesgo, además, es necesaria una medición fiable y válida del constructo para captar su alcance y significado. Objetivo: Validar la estructura de la Escala de Riesgo Percibido a las ITS en adultos de mediana y tercera, identificar su riesgo percibido a las ITS e identificar su relación con algunas características sociodemográficas. Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 295 adultos de mediana y tercera edad. Se utilizó un muestreo virtual en línea. Se incluyeron hombres y mujeres de 50 años o más, se-xualmente activos en los últimos 12 meses. Para medir el riesgo percibido a las ITS se adaptó la escala de riesgo percibido al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) y se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio de la estructura propuesta conformada por tres factores. Resultados: Se comprobó que la estructura propuesta de la escala presentaba mostró índices de ajuste aceptables (X2 = 48.283, p <.001; CFI = .962, RMSEA = .079, GFI = .963, TLI = .938). El 28.1% de los participantes presentó un riesgo percibido bajo, el 46.8% un riesgo percibido medio y el 25.1% un riesgo percibido alto. Se identificó la asociación entre el estado civil y el riesgo percibido de ITS. Conclusiones: La Escala de Riesgo Percibido de ITS es un instrumento fiable y válido para captar el riesgo percibido a las ITS en adultos de mediana y tercera edad. Se considera importante una medición adecuada para examinar con precisión la relación entre el riesgo percibido y la conducta.
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Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and chronic renal failure. HTN affects about 1 billion people globally; by 2025, up to 1.58 billion adults worldwide are likely to suffer from complications of HTN. This study was done to know the diet and physical activity patterns and HTN among the population of three districts of Western Rajasthan. Objectives: To study the dietary and physical activity patterns among the population of Western Rajasthan. and to compare key findings among three districts Pali, Jodhpur and Barmer so that lifestyle changes can be recommended. Methods: A case-control study was done among attendees of NCD clinics of tertiary-level centers in Pali, Barmer and Jodhpur. Hospital Controls were matched to age (± 5 years) and gender Considering the prevalence of HTN to be 20%*, the proportion of exposure in the general population as 0.2, odds ratio to be 2.2, power =80%, alpha=5% sample size is estimated to be 102 cases & 102 controls (from each district). Results: Overall being married (OR= 3.3), having diabetes Cardiac disease (OR= 2.6), excessive salt consumption (OR= 2.7), moderate physical exercise less than 30 minutes (OR=1.9), using oil other than vegetable oil(OR=1.8) , Age >?60 years (OR =1.4) were the key risk factors. It was found that high BMI (BMI>27), consumption of non-vegetable oils (12.7%) was highest in Jodhpur, lack of moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes (81%), lack of sports activity (92%) was highest in Pali, least number of days/week of fruits and vegetables consumption (~1.64 days) was seen in Barmer. Conclusions: Change in quantity of salt consumption and incorporation of moderate physical exercise for >30 minutes was most followed in control of HTN among the attendees of NCD Clinics from the multiple advise given.
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Background: Rabies is one of zoonotic viral disease, estimated to cause 59000 human deaths annually in over 150 countries, of which 20,000 are from India alone; about 40% of which are in children under the age of 15. Rabies though 100% fatal is preventable with post-exposure prophylaxis which includes wound washing, anti-rabies vaccination and rabies immunoglobulin. Objective: To describe the clinico-social profile of animal bite patients attending the anti-rabies clinic of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the anti-rabies clinic of Nehru hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur from January 2022 to May 2022. Study participants were interviewed by using a pre-phrased, pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Data regarding socio-demographic and clinical profile of the study participants following animal bite exposure was collected. Results: The total number of animal bite victims were 250, in which majority of them were males (76.77%) and highest percentage was of adult population (20-59 years). Maximum number of victims were from rural area (78.70%). 19.35% were working and 39.35% were students. 77.43% were category III bites and in 50.96% cases lower limb was the site of bite and dogs were responsible for 89.67% of the bites. 60.64% victims did not wash the wound properly before reaching the anti-rabies clinic. Conclusion: This study concludes that as majority of the animal bite victims were students and majority of victims were unaware about the importance of wound care, therefore a step can be taken to create awareness in various schools.
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Background: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic continues its deadly reign all over the world. Devising effective strategies for detecting and controlling the infection has become ever more critical. Effective prevention and control of the pandemic is entirely dependent on human behavior in terms of practicing preventive and curative measures. During the second wave of COVID-19, people’s perceptions of preventive and curative measures changed. Objective: To study healthcare-seeking behavior of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods: Hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 in the month of March, April and May of 2021 were included in the study. Their attendants/close relatives were contacted telephonically to know about the admitted patients’ healthcare-seeking behavior. Verbal consent was taken from attendants before the commencement of the interview, followed by informing them about the purpose of the interview. Results: Amongst the subjects, there were more males than females (67.5 vs 32.4%), age ranged between 18 to 88 with a mean value of 56.61 ± 14.7 years. Self-medication was significantly associated with study subjects’ mortality (p=0.03). Conclusion: Elderly people were having higher mortality rate than their younger counterparts. People were hesitant to visit primary care physicians after having symptoms of COVID-19.
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【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility of prostatic exosomal protein (PSEP) detection kit in the diagnosis of histological prostatitis (HP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to explore the correlation between PSEP and other clinical parameters. 【Methods】 A total of 104 patients with BPH or BPH plus HP treated during Nov.2021 and Nov.2022 were involved. The patients were instructed to fill out the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) scale independently before surgery. Clinical data such as prostate volume, residual urine volume, free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), and fPSA/tPSA were collected. Preoperative midstream morning urine was collected for PSEP detection. 【Results】 The sensitivity and specificity of PSEP in the diagnosis of BPH were 93.51% and 70.37%, respectively, which were highly consistent with the postoperative pathological diagnosis results (Kappa=0.663). Serum PSEP level was positively correlated with tPSA level (r=0.242, P=0.040). 【Conclusion】 PSEP has a high clinical diagnostic value in the diagnosis of HP, which can provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis of HP in BPH patients and improve the diagnosis rate.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the dietary quality with the dietary balance index (DBI_16) and the association between dietary quality and bone mass among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province so as to provide evidence for improving dietary quality and bone health status of Gansu population. 【Methods】 Based on the information of the type and quantity of food intake and the bone mass of middle-aged and elderly people aged 35 years and above collected by the Gansu Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China, DBI_16 was used to evaluate the intake level of cereals, vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, fish and shrimp, eggs and other foods, and the degree of inadequate, excessive and unbalanced dietary intake of the participants. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of three component indexes of DBI_16, high bound score (DBI_HBS), low bound score (DBI_LBS), diet quality distance (DBI_DQD), and seven single indexes of DBI_16 with bone mass. 【Results】 Analyses of the dietary and bone mass data of 11,840 participants showed that 44.8% of participants consumed excessive amounts of cereals compared to the dietary recommendation. 96.3%, 90.6%, 90.1%, 71.9%, 95.1% and 60.3% of participants’ intake of vegetables, fruits, milk, soybeans, fish and shrimp, and eggs, respectively, were inadequate. 47.7% participants consumed less than 10 types of food. 2.3% participants’ DBI_LBS levels were appropriate. 54.7% participants’ DBI_HBS levels were appropriate. Only 1.2% participants’ DBI_DQD reached a balanced level. The bone mass level in the study population was (2.5±0.6) kg [(2.8±0.5) kg for men and (2.3±0.5) kg for women]. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, total dietary energy intake and body mass index, DBI_LBS and DBI_DQD were negatively associated with bone mass [β and 95% CI was -0.002 01 (-0.003 62--0.000 40) and -0.001 76 (-0.003 09--0.000 43), respectively]. 【Conclusion】 Dietary intake imbalance is common among middle-aged and elderly people in Gansu Province, and the more severe the dietary intake imbalance, the lower the bone mass level.
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【Objective】 To investigate the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index in young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke. 【Methods】 A total of 268 patients were divided into two groups, namely low TyG index group (n=134) and high TyG index group (n=134). Characteristics of the study population and metabolism risk factors (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, UA) were collected from biochemical test results. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between metabolism risk factors and TyG index. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for RC and TyG index. 【Results】 Compared with the low TyG index group, significant differences were observed for BMI, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, SBP, DBP, FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, RC, UA, and TyG index in high TyG index group. No significant differences were observed in age, gender, smoking status, or drinking status, HDL-C between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that significant linear associations were observed between BMI, SBP, DBP, FBG, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, RC, UA and TyG index. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the RC, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, TC, LDL-C, and UA were significantly associated with the risk of increased level of TyG index. After adjusted analysis by RC, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, TC, LDL-C, and UA, only RC was significantly associated with an increased risk of increased level of TyG index. 【Conclusion】 Remnant cholesterol was associated with an increased risk of elevated TyG index level in young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke.
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【Objective】 To investigate the association of depressive symptoms with the predicted risk of coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese based on a large community study. 【Methods】 A total of 2532 cases in the group without depression and 2758 cases in the group with depression were included. We compared the two groups in general demographics, information related to coronary heart disease risk, and physical function and ability to perform daily living. We also analyzed the factors associated with coronary heart disease risk by linear regression. 【Results】 ① Demographic information: The group with depression had a higher mean age, a higher proportion of women, more people with poor marital status, and a higher number of comorbid chronic diseases compared with the group without depression (all P<0.05). ② Risk indicators related to coronary heart disease: The group with depression had more people with diabetes and a significantly higher systolic blood pressure compared with the group without depression (P<0.05). The two groups did not significantly differ in the proportion of smokers, diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, or HDL-C (all P>0.05). The risk of coronary heart disease was significantly higher in the group with depression than in the group without depression (P<0.05). ③ Physical function and ability of daily living: The physical function score, physical self-care score, and instrumental daily living ability were significantly higher in the group with depression than in the group without depression (all P<0.001). ④ Linear regression showed that except for gender, age, marital status, comorbid diabetes, smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C and LDL-C were associated with risk of coronary heart disease (P<0.05); CESD was the only factor associated with the risk of coronary heart disease [B=0.019, 95% CI: (0.015, 0.032), P=0.032]. 【Conclusion】 The risk of coronary heart disease is higher in middle-aged and elderly people with depressive symptoms than in those without depressive symptoms. Having depressive symptoms is one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the current status and influencing factors of chronic disease self-management behavior of middle-aged and elderly deaf people aged 50 years and over in Shanghai， and to provide reference for improving their chronic disease self-management behavior. MethodsDuring September 2021 to February 2022， 271 middle-aged and elderly deaf people aged 50 years and over in Shanghai were investigated face-to-face by general questionnaire， chronic disease self-management study measures， self-efficacy scale， social capital questionnaire， hospital anxiety and depression scale， health disturbance scale. ResultsThe mean score of chronic disease self-management behavior was 32.107±7.527. Gender， frequency of searching health knowledge by mobile phone， whether to eat fruit， self-efficacy and social capital were influencing factors of chronic disease self-management behaviors， which could explain 37.04% of the variance. ConclusionThe chronic disease self-management behavior of the middle-aged and elderly deaf people aged 50 years and over is low and needs to be improved. We can promote the middle-aged and elderly deaf people to form the good self-management behavior by improving their self-efficacy， improving their level of social capital and forming good living habits.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of different levels of physical activity on the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). MethodsA total of 9 726 subjects from 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data were analyzed with multivariate Logistic regression analysis. ResultsOf the 9 726 subjects, 188 suffered from PD, with a prevalence of 1.93%. The subjects who aged more than 65 (OR = 2.58, 95%CI 1.74 to 3.96, P < 0.001) and widowed (OR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.99, P = 0.043) were at a higher risk of developing PD. Subjects who engaged in high-intensity physical activities (OR = 0.38, 95%CI 0.27 to 0.54, P < 0.001) were at a lower risk of PD. After adjusting for age and marital status, high-intensity physical activity still reduced the risk of PD (OR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.29 to 0.61, P < 0.001). ConclusionHigh-intensity physical activity (over 3 000 metabolic equivalents a week) may reduce the risk of PD.
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Objective:To analyze the demands of contracted family doctor service among uncontracted young and middle-aged people in Shanghai Baoshan.Methods:An online questionnaire survey on demands of contracted family doctor service was conducted in June 2021 among 702 uncontracted residents aged 18-60 years from Shanghai Baoshan district selected by stratified random sampling method. The demands of contracted family doctor service, including digital health file, routine laboratory tests and imaging investigation;health promotion;service convenience; home service were surveyed, and the factors related the demands were analyzed with regression analysis.Results:The survey showed that the demands of service convenience (3.8(3.0, 5.0)) and home service (4.0(3.0, 5.0)) were higher, while those of digital health file (3.0(2.0, 5.0)) and health promotion (3.0(2.0, 5.0)) were relatively lower. There were significant differences in the demands of all five contracted services among residents with different gender, age, education level, household register and family income (all P<0.05); while for young residents with different types of medical insurance there was significant difference in demands of all contracted services except digital health file (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that female( OR=1.83, P<0.001), high educational level( OR=4.81, P=0.019), household registered in Shanghai( OR=1.80, P=0.004)had higher demand for service convenience; female gender( OR=1.68, P=0.001), high educational level( OR=4.56, P=0.023)had higher demand for home service demands. Conclusion:The demands for contracted family doctor services are different among the uncontracted young and middle-aged people in Baoshan district, while the service convenience is generally most demanded. The study indicates that the contracted family doctor service should be provided accordingly.
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Objective:To explore the effects of online character strengths intervention on the distress-related and self-management ability of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes. To provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of patients.Methods:Ninety-two young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou University of Medicine from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected and divided into intervention group and control group with 46 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group was given routine care, and the intervention group was given online character strengths intervention for 8 weeks. Diabetes-related distress Questionnaire (DDS) and Diabetes Self-Care Scale (DSCS) were used to evaluate the effects of the two groups of patients before intervention, immediately after intervention and 1 month after intervention.Results:The total DDS scores of the control group were (2.18 ± 0.70) and (2.01 ± 0.65) when the moment and 1 month after intervention, while the scores in the intervention group were (1.74 ± 0.47) and (1.18 ± 0.17), the differences were significant ( t = 3.13, 8.34, both P<0.05). The total DSCS scores of the control group were (72.25 ± 11.55) and (73.12 ± 10.72) when the moment and 1 month after intervention, while the scores in the intervention group were (85.95 ± 5.91) and (85.24 ± 5.21), the differences were significant ( t = 10.13, 2.10, both P<0.05). Conclusions:Online character strengths intervention can help alleviate the distress associated with young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes and improve the level of self-management.
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Objective:To investigate distinct trahectories of demoralization of maintenance hemodialysis patients in young and middle-aged adults, and analyze the factors that affect the trajectory category, so as to provides reference for formulating individualized intervention strategies.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From April 2020 to April 2021, young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients fromShangyu People′s Hospital were collected by convenience sampling method and conducted 4-time follow-up investigation. The survey tools included general information questionnaire, Demoralization Scale Mandarin Version (DS-MV) and Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-Short Form (ECR-S). Latent class growth model was used to identify trajectory patterns of demoralization, Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of demoralization trajectories.Results:Totally, 105 patients were enrolled in the present study. Three distinct trajectories were identified and named as "table high level group" 24 cases, "slow reduction group" 39 cases and "continuous reduction group" 42 cases. Univariate analysis showed that age, occupational status, average income per person in family, number of comorbidities, attachment anxiety scores were related to the category of demoralization trajectories ( F = 15.92, χ2 values were 9.16-15.95, all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupational status, average income per person in family, number of comorbidities, and attachment anxiety scores were important predictors of patterns of demoralization trajectories in young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients. Conclusions:This study identified three distinct demoralization trajectories in young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients, clinical nursing should formulate individualized intervention strategies according to the types of patients′ delirium trajectories.
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Objective:To investigate the dose-response relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly people in Urumqi, and then provide the reference to guide the middle-aged and elderly people to arrange exercise reasonably.Methods:A total of 1886 middle-aged and elderly people (aged ≥ 50 years old) from December 2018 to December 2019 in Cihui Health Management Center in Urumqi were selected as the research objects to conduct a questionnaire survey, collected general information and physical examination data, and used the International Physical activity questionnaire to investigate and evaluate their daily activities. Diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 were used. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia, and restricted cubic spline was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia.Results:Among the investigated subjects, 208 people suffered from sarcopenia, and the prevalence rate was 11%. Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic characteristics, moderate and high intensity physical activity was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia compared with low intensity physical activity ( OR = 0.389, 95% CI 0.261-0.580; OR = 0.055, 95% CI 0.025-0.122). The dose-response relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia showed an approximate 1-shaped dose-response relationship between total physical activity and sarcopenia ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The strength of the association between physical activity and sarcopenia was approximately an "L" shaped curve, and increased physical activity was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia when physical activity was between 2500 and 3500 MEt-min/week.