RESUMO
Objective To investigate and analyze the military operation ability and influence factors of soldiers alongthe border in an extremely cold environment and to provide a scientific basis for effectively improving the combat effective -ness of the army stationed the cold regions.Methods According to relevant standards, recruits(the length of service 1 year) were randomly selected to investigate their military operationfactors, physical condition, sleep condition, mental health and cognitive ability.Results Cold was the main factor whichaffected military operation capability in cold regions.According to physical standards,border troops were in poor physicalcondition.Results of SCL-90 showed that the total score, the number of positive items , the score of each factor of the 130recruits were significantly lower than those of the Chinese army model and 46 veterans (P <0.05).There was nosignificant difference in these aspects between the 46 veterans and Chinese army model.Recruits were in better sleepcondition and had better instantaneous memory(P <0.05).Birthplace had no effect on these factors .Recruits from Centraland South China were in poorer sleep condition than those from cold regions (P <0.05).Results of SCL-90 showed that thetotal score,the factors of somatization, coercion, depression and anxiety of communication veterans were significantly higherthan those of the Chinese army model (P <0.05).The sleep condition of communication veterans was poorer than that ofmotorized infantry and patrol veterans (P <0.05).Conclusion Cold is the main factorthat impacts the ability of militaryoperations in cold regions.The physical work capacity of border guards in cold regions was significantly below the militarystandard, so the level of military training should be strengthened .Research on cold-protection equipment for special tasks should be strengthened.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the effect of plateau training on military operation ability ,evaluate the real situa-tion of combat forces on the plateau , and to provide data for effectively improving the combat effectiveness of the army stationed on the plateau .Methods According to the standards , the levels of high altitude acclimatization , physical work capacity (VO2max, PWC170) and mental work capacity (digit span, digit symbol, pursuit aiming and visual reaction time) were measured to assess the military operation ability of plateau training troops , including troops that entered the plateau from the plain(plateau-entering troops), troops stationed on the plateau (plateau troops) and troops stationed in the plain ( plain troops ) .Results The troops on the plateau all reached basic acclimatization .The aerobic capacities of these three types of troops were of the standard medium level , and the maximum oxygen uptake ( VO2max ) of the plain troops was greater than that of that of plateau-entering troops(P<0.01), and the VO2max of the plateau troops was greater than that of plateau-entering troops(P<0.01).Compared with the plain troops, the VO2 max and PWC170 of the plateau-entering troops decreased by 25.7%and 27.7%respectively.There was no significant difference in the digit span , digit symbol, pursuit aiming between these 3 kinds of troops , but the visual response of the plateau-entering troops was prolonged ( P<0.01), while the pursuit aiming of the plateau troops was lower than that of the plateau-entering troops(P <0.05). Conclusion Acclimatization-promoting measures and plateau training can contribute to high altitude acclimatization formation, but cannot overcome the objective adverse effects of the plateau on physical fitness .Two months of plateau training fails to improve physical fitness.Therefore, special attention should be paid to the research on scientific and effective measures to improve physical fitness on the plateau .