Autoconcepto físico, motivación de logro y actitudes hacia la Educación Física

El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del autoconcepto físico en relación con la motivación de logro y las actitudes de estudiantes de enseñanza media en la asignatura de Educación Física y Salud. Además, se buscó explorar las disparidades en las percepciones entre hombres y mujeres, así como entre aquellos que participan en actividades físico-deportivas. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance descriptivo-correlacional, utilizando un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de 279 estudiantes de la región del Biobío, Chile. Este instrumento evaluó diversas dimensiones del autoconcepto físico, la motivación de logro y las actitudes hacia la asignatura. Los principales resultados indican que la actividad física constante se vincula con una mejor evaluación en estas dimensiones. Los hombres muestran una percepción corporal más positiva y mayor disposición para la participación activa, mientras que las mujeres experimentan niveles elevados de ansiedad y percepción de dificultad. La actividad física constante se asocia con percepciones más favorables en diversas dimensiones. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de considerar género y nivel de actividad física al diseñar estrategias educativas en Educación Física y Salud en la enseñanza media.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of physical self-concept in relation to achievement motivation and attitudes of high school students in the subject of Physical Education and Health. In addition, we sought to explore the disparities in perceptions between men and women, as well as between those who participate in physical-sports activities. To carry out the research, a quantitative approach with a descriptive-correlational scope was used, using a questionnaire applied to a sample of 279 students from the Biobío region, Chile. This instrument evaluated various dimensions of physical self-concept, achievement motivation, and attitudes toward the subject. The main results indicate that constant physical activity is linked to a better evaluation in these dimensions. Men show a more positive body perception and greater willingness to actively participate, while women experience high levels of anxiety and perceived difficulty. Constant physical activity is associated with more favorable perceptions in various dimensions. These results highlight the importance of considering gender and level of physical activity when designing educational strategies in Physical Education and Health in secondary education.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência do autoconceito físico em relação à motivação e atitudes de realização de estudantes do ensino médio na disciplina de Educação Física e Saúde. Além disso, procuramos explorar as disparidades de percepções entre homens e mulheres, bem como entre aqueles que participam de atividades físico-esportivas. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa com escopo descritivo-correlacional, por meio de um questionário aplicado a uma amostra de 279 estudantes da região Biobío, Chile. Este instrumento avaliou diversas dimensões do autoconceito físico, motivação para realização e atitudes em relação ao sujeito. Os principais resultados indicam que a atividade física constante está ligada a uma melhor avaliação nestas dimensões. Os homens demonstram uma percepção corporal mais positiva e maior disposição para participar ativamente, enquanto as mulheres apresentam altos níveis de ansiedade e dificuldade percebida. A atividade física constante está associada a percepções mais favoráveis em diversas dimensões. Estes resultados destacam a importância de considerar o género e o nível de atividade física na concepção de estratégias educativas em Educação Física e Saúde no ensino secundário.

Escape Room como Herramienta Didáctica en la Enseñanza de la Histología / Escape Room as a Didactic Tool in Histology Teaching

En el marco de un proceso de aprendizaje activo, se investigó el rendimiento académico a corto y a largo plazo de los estudiantes en dos sesiones prácticas de la asignatura de Histología a las que se incorporó un escape room. También se evaluó su impacto en la motivación y la retención del conocimiento. Los estudiantes fueron clasificados en un grupo control, que siguió una metodología de enseñanza tradicional, y un grupo experimental, que participó en la actividad del escape room. Los resultados revelaron mejoras significativas en las calificaciones posteriores a la intervención en el grupo experimental. El estudio también evaluó la percepción estudiantil de la experiencia del escape room que demostró valoraciones muy satisfactorias.

SUMMARY: In the context of an active learning process, this study investigated the short-term and long-term academic performance of students in two practical sessions of the Histology course, which included an escape room activity. The impact of this approach on motivation and knowledge retention was also assessed. Students were divided into a control group, which followed a traditional teaching methodology, and an experimental group, which participated in the escape room activity. The results revealed significant improvements in post-intervention grades in the experimental group. Additionally, the study assessed students' perceptions of the escape room experience, which showed highly satisfactory evaluations.

A influência das mídias sociais na decisão pela cirurgia plástica / The influence of social media on the decision to undergo plastic surgery

Introdução: Com o passar dos anos e o proporcional crescimento das mídia sociais, focado principalmente no culto ao corpo e à perfeição, a procura por cirurgias plásticas vem aumentando de forma avassaladora, despertando um interminável desejo pela mudança corporal, na maioria das vezes com promessas "irreais" de alguns profissionais. Método: Pesquisa composta por 62 pacientes dos sexos feminino e masculino, com idade entre 22 e 61 anos, residentes no estado de São Paulo, que já se submeteram a um procedimento de cirurgia plástica e/ou ainda passarão por procedimentos de cirurgia plástica e cosmiatria, que responderam ao questionário "A influência das mídias sociais na cirurgia plástica". Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que a mídia exerce um importante papel na escolha do cirurgião plástico, principalmente quando o sucesso dos procedimentos de cirurgia plástica e cosmiatria é demonstrado através de fotos de antes e depois. Conclusão: A cirurgia plástica é uma especialidade médica que desempenha um papel fundamental na transformação estética e psicológica de muitos indivíduos, no entanto, é importante ressaltar a necessidade de uma abordagem ética, com o objetivo de garantir o bem-estar dos pacientes e a excelência na prática médica.

Introduction: Over the years and with the proportional growth of social media, focused mainly on the cult of the body and perfection, the demand for plastic surgeries has increased overwhelmingly, awakening an endless desire for body change, most of the time with "unrealistic" promises" from some professionals. Method: Research consisting of 62 female and male patients, aged between 22 and 61 years, residing in the state of São Paulo, who have already undergone a plastic surgery procedure and/or will undergo plastic surgery and cosmiatry procedures, who responded to the questionnaire "The influence of social media on plastic surgery". Results: The results demonstrate that the media plays an important role in choosing a plastic surgeon, especially when the success of plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery procedures is demonstrated through before and after photos. Conclusion: Plastic surgery is a medical specialty that plays a fundamental role in the aesthetic and psychological transformation of many individuals, however, it is important to highlight the need for an ethical approach, to guarantee patients' well-being and excellence in medical practice.

Uso del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje para Mejorar la Práctica Docente y la Motivación de los Estudiantes en Anatomía: Una Propuesta de Intervención / Use of Universal Design for Learning to Improve Teaching Practice and Student Motivation in Anatomy: An Intervention Proposal

En la asignatura de anatomía aún existen estudiantes que no se encuentran motivados con su propio proceso de aprendizaje. El rol del docente es un factor extrínseco clave que contribuye a dicha vinculación afectiva. El Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA) es un modelo educativo que propone una serie de pautas de aplicación docente para poder activar en los alumnos sus redes neuronales afectivas, asociadas con la formación de estudiantes decididos y motivados. El objetivo de este estudio es crear una propuesta de intervención, basada en el uso selectivo de las pautas de compromiso afectivo del DUA, para mejorar la práctica docente y la motivación de los estudiantes en anatomía. Es una investigación acción que utiliza el modelo de Whitehead, implicando el cruce conceptual y metodológico entre las pautas de compromiso afectivo del DUA y las fases y factores que determinan la motivación. Corresponde a la programación de seis sesiones de laboratorio de anatomía, los instrumentos para la recopilación de la información y las técnicas de análisis de la misma. La propuesta de intervención presenta un valor teórico ya que fue diseñada a partir de un análisis exhaustivo del DUA y de las publicaciones existentes sobre la motivación, y un valor práctico que se sustenta en su aplicabilidad directa y recursiva en los laboratorios de anatomía y en la incorporación del DUA en el currículum de una asignatura de educación superior. La motivación es el motor de la educación, ya que impulsa y mantiene el quehacer académico tanto a nivel estudiantil como docente. El DUA permite que los docentes aborden la desmotivación de los estudiantes de una forma accesible, precisa y confiable, lo que llevó a considerarlo como uno de los pilares de la propuesta de intervención.

SUMMARY: In anatomy courses there are still students who are not motivated by their own learning process. The teacher´s role is a key extrinsic factor that contributes to this bonding process. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is an educational model that proposes a series of teaching application guidelines to activate students' affective neural networks, associated with the formation of motivated students. The objective of this study is to create an intervention proposal, based on the selective use of the UDL affective commitment guidelines, to improve teaching practice and student motivation in anatomy. It is an action research that uses Whitehead's model, involving the conceptual and methodological intersection between the UDL's affective commitment guidelines and the phases and factors that determine motivation. It corresponds to the programming of six anatomy laboratory sessions, the instruments for collecting information and the techniques for analyzing it. The intervention proposal has a theoretical value since it was designed based on an exhaustive analysis of the UDL and existing publications on motivation, and a practical value that is based on its direct and recursive applicability in anatomy laboratories and in the incorporation of the UDL in the curriculum of a higher education subject. Motivation is the driving force of education, since it drives and maintains academic work at both the student and teacher level. The UDL allows teachers to address student lack of motivation in an accessible, precise and reliable way, considering this one of the pillars of the intervention proposal.

Desarrollo de categorías del modo de actuación creativo en estudiantes universitarios

Introducción: Es importante la relación entre el desarrollo de las categorías originalidad, flexibilidad, autonomía y motivación del modo de actuación creativo. El objetivo del artículo consistió en elaborar un sistema de indicaciones para el desarrollo de categorías del modo de actuación creativo en estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación mixta, donde el universo lo constituyeron estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía-Sicología de la Universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez" en el curso 2021-2022 y se tomó una muestra aleatoria intencional de 24 educandos del tercer año. Resultados: El procesamiento estadístico de los instrumentos aplicados permitió ubicar al 75 % de la muestra entre un nivel medio y bajo en el desarrollo de categorías del modo de actuación creativo, por carencias en su expresión. Discusión: Desde fundamentos teóricos referenciados se analizó una propuesta de indicaciones que permiten la sistematización de contenidos de aprendizaje y facilitan el desarrollo de acciones autónomas y motivadoras para solucionar problemáticas en el contexto laboral. Conclusiones: La elaboración de indicaciones, desde la disciplina principal integradora y en estrecha relación con las categorías declaradas del modo de actuación creativo, facilitaron su desarrollo y demostraron pertinencia y factibilidad en el contexto de la práctica laboral.

Introduction: The relationship between the development of the categories of originality, flexibility, autonomy and motivation of the creative mode of action is important. The objective of the article was to develop a system of indications for the development of categories of the creative mode of action in university students. Methods: A mixed investigation was carried out, where the universe was made up of students of the Pedagogy-Psychology degree at the University of Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez" in the 2021-2022 academic year and an intentional random sample of 24 students from the third year was taken. In the research, actions were designed to solve problems in work practice and a self-assessment scale about the development of the categories of the creative mode of action. Results: The statistical processing of the applied instruments allowed 75 % of the sample to be placed between a medium and low level in the development of categories of the creative mode of action, due to deficiencies in its expression. Discussion: From referenced theoretical foundations, a proposal of indications was analyzed that allow the systematization of learning content and facilitate the development of autonomous and motivating actions to solve problems in the work context. Conclusions: The development of indications, from the main integrative discipline and in close relationship with the declared categories of the creative mode of action, facilitated its development and demonstrated relevance and feasibility in the context of work practice.

Efectos de una Charla Antitabaco en Adolescentes Fumadores de Colegios Públicos y Privados en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile / Effects of an Anti-Smoking talk on Adolescent Smokers in Public and Private Schools in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile

Introducción. El tabaquismo es responsable de una gran cantidad de muertes en el mundo, la gran prevalencia del tabaquismo entre adolescentes, así como la baja edad de inicio del consumo, genera preocupación y la necesidad de implementar intervenciones específicas a esta población. Objetivo. Evaluar los efectos de una charla antitabaco en adolescentes de colegios públicos y privados en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo cuasi-experimental, se realizó una charla antitabaco en dos colegios (público y privado), se evaluó la motivación para dejar de fumar con el Test de Richmond en una muestra de 13 estudiantes pre y post charla. Resultados. hubo una mejora en los puntajes de Richmond post charla en ambos colegios, siendo mayor en el colegio público, sin embargo, la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0,09). Discusión. La evidencia respalda la efectividad de las charlas antitabaco. Existe una relación entre nivel socioeconómico y tabaquismo, sin embargo, no hay otros estudios que comparen la efectividad en los distintos estratos sociales. Se reconocen limitaciones del estudio como el tamaño de la muestra y el muestreo no aleatorio, se recomiendan nuevos estudios que incluyan otras variables. Conclusiones. A pesar de limitaciones del estudio, se respalda la implementación de charlas antitabaco en entornos educativos, enfatizando la necesidad de adaptar estrategias a contextos socioeconómicos específicos para mejorar la salud pública.

Background. Introduction: Smoking is responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide, and the high prevalence of smoking among adolescents, as well as early age of onset, raises concerns, and the need of targeted interventions for this group. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an anti-smoking talk on students from public and private schools in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago. Methods. A quasi-experimental quantitative study involving an anti-smoking talk in two schools (public and private) assessed the motivation to quit smoking using the Richmond Test in a sample of 13 students pre and post the talk. Results. There was an improvement in Richmond scores post-talk in both schools, with a greater increase observed in the public school. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.09). Discussion. The evidence supports the effectiveness of anti-smoking talks. A relationship between socioeconomic status and smoking exists, yet there are no studies comparing effectiveness across different socioeconomic strata. Study limitations, such as sample size and non-random sampling, are acknowledged, and further research incorporating additional variables is recommended. Conclusions. Despite study limitations, advocating for the implementation of anti-smoking talks in educational settings is supported, emphasizing the need to adapt strategies to specific socioeconomic contexts to enhance public health.

The mediating effect of work motivation on the relationship between work-family conflict and invisible absence among clinical nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of work motivation of clinical nurses between work-family conflict and invisible absence, so as to provide a basis for reducing nurses′ invisible absence.Methods:From September to December 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the mediating effect of work motivation between the work-family conflict and invisible absence by using the general information questionnaire, Work-Family Conflict Scale, Work Motivation Scale and Stanford Invisible Absence Scale among 522 nurses by convenience sampling.Results:The valid questionnaires were 511 samples. There were 15 male nurses and 496 female nurses among the 511 nurses. The work-family conflict of clinical nurses had a positive effect on invisible absence ( r=0.319, P<0.05), and work motivation had a partial mediating effect between work-family conflict and invisible absence (the effect value was 0.082), the mediating effect accounted for 35.00% of the total effect. Conclusions:Nursing managers and nurses themselves should take a variety of ways to reduce the work-family conflict, promote the work-family balance of nurses, and improve their work motivation, so as to reduce their invisible absence and promote the healthy development of clinical nurses.

Analysis of influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior and motivation in adult patients with depression / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior and motivation in adult patients with depression.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select 120 adult patients with depression admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to June 2023 as the research objects.The clinical information of the patients was collected,and their loneliness,frustration and self-injury motivation were evaluated.The influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behavior and motivation were statistically analyzed.Results Age,ULS-8 score,DS score,marital status and employment status were the influencing factors of NSSI in adult patients with depression(P<0.05).ULS-8 score,DS score,marital status(widowed/divorced)and employment status were independent risk factors for NSSI in adult patients with depression(P<0.05).The ULS-8 score was an independent risk factor for patients with'emotion regulation'as NSSI motivation.Age,DS score and employment(unemployment)were independent risk factors for patients with'interpersonal boundary'as NSSI moti-vation(P<0.05).Conclusion There are many influencing factors of NSSI and NSSI motivation in adult depres-sion patients,and the influencing factors of different NSSI motivations are different.Clinically,the main motivation and related influencing factors of patients implementing NSSI should be clarified through detailed investigation,so as to facilitate the development of targeted intervention strategies for patients.

Establishment of a safe disposal management program for home used sharp wastes from insulin injection among diabetic patients / 现代临床护理

Objective To establish a safe disposal management program for home used sharps waste of insulin injection so as to provide a reference for the standardised management of sharps waste after insulin.injection.Methods Based on the model of information-motivation-behavioural skills,the safe disposal management program for insulin needles used at home was developed by literature reviews and semi-structured interviews to investigate the perceptions and requirements of patients.The program was then modified and refined by two rounds of expert consultation with Delphi method.Results The effective retrieval rates of questionnaire for two rounds of expert consultations were 88.89%and 93.75%,with an expert authority coefficient at 0.93.In the second round,the mean importance scores of the items were 4.40 to 5.00,with a coefficient of variation ranged from 0 to 0.168.The established program consisted of three primary items,six secondary items,and 20 tertiary items.Conclusion The safe disposal management program for home used sharps waste of insulin injection established from the perspectives of information,motivation and behavioural skills was scientific and practical,which offered a guidance to healthcare professionals in the clinical practices.

Research on privacy concerns in medical data based on the protection motivation theory / 中国医学伦理学

Medical data governance and patient privacy protection have become important contents and hot topics in the process of medical informatization,and privacy concerns have gradually become a research focus.By drawing on the Internet Users'Information Privacy Concerns Scale and Protection Motivation Theory,this paper constructed a general model of patient privacy concerns in medical data.Empirical data was collected in the form of a questionnaire survey,and the hypotheses were validated using factor analysis and structural equation models.The results showed that the severity and likelihood of threats had a significant positive impact on privacy concerns,self-efficacy negatively affected privacy concerns,and privacy concerns positively affected behavioral willingness to privacy protection.Based on these,relevant organizations should strengthen privacy data management,improve data transparency,promote the value of data utilization,and strive to achieve a balance between privacy protection and data use.

A descriptive study on motivations for entering and remaining, exiting community-based tuberculosis care among volunteers in Yangon, Myanmar / 国際保健医療

Background   Since the Alma Ata Declaration in 1978, Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) have become critical assets to assist tuberculosis (TB) control programs in low and middle-income countries, such as in case finding and treatment support activities. Yet community-based tuberculosis control programs (CBTBC) are faced with numerous challenges, including recruitment and retaining of CHVs. While the possible effect of financial incentives has been extensively discussed, other motivational factors have received less attention. Objective   This study sought to explore on potential motivations for entering, remaining, and exiting volunteer work among CHVs working in a CBTBC project run by an NGO, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), in urban townships of Yangon, Myanmar.Methods   A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to CHVs who were working for a JATA CBTBC project in Yangon, Myanmar. The questionnaire consisted of closed- and open-ended questions asking about demographic characteristics, their experiences, and their motivations for entering, remaining and exiting volunteer work. Functional theory of motivation was used as a conceptual framework for analysis.Results   A total of 69 volunteers participated in the survey, representing 69% of all CHVs for JATA CBTBC (69/100). From the questionnaire, we found that altruism, self-empowerment, and psychological job satisfaction mainly influenced CHVs’ motivation to enter and remain in volunteer work. Expectations for financial incentives were less important. Being busy with housework and other work priorities could motivate them to temporarily exist volunteer work, while ill-health and old age potentially triggered permanent exit. Conclusions   CHVs working in JATA CBTBC were motivated mainly by altruism, self-empowerment, and psychological job satisfaction - however, their volunteer work must be systematically supported so as to avoid unnecessary burden on CHVs. Further qualitative study would extend the evidences of the potential factors which might contribute to sustaining CHV participation.

Investigation on major cognition and major choice motivation of medical freshmen / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To understand the major cognition, major choice motivation and the relationship between the two of medical students, and provide references and suggestions for the selection of talents in various majors of medical schools and the effective development of enrollment work.Methods:This study selected undergraduates of Batch 2019 from Peking University Health Science Center as the survey objects, conducted a questionnaire survey on their major cognition, major choice motivation and influencing factors, and used principal component analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results:The study found that the major cognition scores of 640 undergraduates of Batch 2019 from Peking University Health Science Center were clinical medicine (3.24±0.89) > stomatology (2.89±1.00) > basic medicine (2.66±1.02) > pharmacy (2.54±0.97) > preventive medicine (2.29±0.93) > nursing medicine (2.21±0.99) > medical laboratory (1.98±0.95) > medical English (1.95±0.93). Six major motivation factors for professional choice were school and professional strength, professional learning and job prospects, own factors, Peking University sentiments and the influence of others, medical factors, school policies, and the contribution rates were 34.60%, 12.97%, 7.42%, 6.00%, 5.59% and 5.37%, respectively. Major cognition scores and major choice motivation factors were positively correlated with each other to some extent.Conclusions:At present, students' major cognition level of medical majors still has a large room for improvement, and the motivational factors of major choice are more complicated, among which "the school and professional strength" and "the prospects of study and work" are important factors. Medical schools should focus on strengthening major publicity, improving students' major cognition, attracting aspiring students to apply for medical majors from many aspects, and improving the training quality of medical professionals.

Exploring doctors'motivation of value-based health care delivery in public hospitals in China:Concept construction and measurement / 中国卫生政策研究

The Healthy China construction initiative highlights the concept of patient-centered value-based health care,and the value appeal of doctors'medical service is also increasing.This study attempts to introduce the concept of public service motivation in general public organizations into professional public healthcare organizations——public hospitals,and proposes the concept of"value-based medical service motivation"as an expression of public service motivation for doctors in public hospitals.Through qualitative analysis and quantitative measurement,this paper constructs the concept of"public hospital doctors'value-based medical service motivation",finds its conceptual structure,namely responsibility commitment,professional adherence,reputation maintenance,and norm compliance,and finally forms a value-based medical service motivation scale.This paper confirms that doctors in public hospitals in China have multi-dimensional value-based medical service motivation,present different motivational expressions or behavioral tendencies,and constantly deal with and balance the public value tensions in the practice of realizing the patient-centered value-based medical goal.This scale provides an effective tool for measuring doctors'value-based service motivation,and provides theoretical and practical support for further investigating the influencing factors of doctors'motivation for value-based medical services,improving the medical service capacity of public hospitals,adjusting medical behavior,and advancing doctor-patient trust.

The application of social support and information motivation behavior model in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the clinical effect of nursing intervention program based on social support and information motivation behavioral model for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 104 pregnant women with GDM admitted to Linping District,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 2020 to February 2022 were selected as study objects,and were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method,with 52 cases in each group.The pregnant women in control group were given routine nursing intervention,and the pregnant women in experimental group were given social support and information motivation behavioral model nursing intervention based on routine nursing.The depression-anxiety-stress scale,disease cognition and health behavior,blood glucose control during pregnancy,perinatal maternal and infant complications and delivery mode were compared between two groups.Results After the intervention,the scores of depression,anxiety,stress,fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of pregnant women in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group,and the scores of disease cognition,health promoting lifestyle profile and vaginal delivery rate were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The complication rate of pregnant women and perinatal infants in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing intervention program based on social support and information motivation behavioral model has good effect on pregnant women with GDM,which can enable pregnant women to obtain more social support,reduce negative emotions,improve health behaviors,promote blood glucose control,and increase the rate of natural childbirth.

Role of Demographic Factors on Academic Motivation of Medical Students in a Malaysian Private University

@#Introduction: Medical students are highly motivated compared to other students in higher education. Various factors internal and external to the students can affect their academic motivation. It has direct bearing on their performance as well as their professional development. The present study aims to validate the adapted questionnaire on academic motivation of medical students in Malaysia and to study the influence of gender, ethnicity, and year of study on it. Methods: The quantitative research approach using the cross-sectional survey design is used in the present research. Stratified random sampling method used to collect data from 318 participants using adapted academic motivation scale for college students. The reliability and construct validity of the instrument was evaluated. The data was analysed, for inferential statistics using SPSS version 26. Results: The intrinsic and extrinsic motivation was higher in female medical students. However, the male students are significantly amotivated. Variation in different types of motivation was observed among three ethnic groups. A significant (p<0.005) difference was found in Introjected regulation and amotivation among ethnic groups. Medical students of clinical years had higher score for Intrinsic motivation and lower score for extrinsic motivation. Amotivation was comparable in medical students of all years with lowest in year 2 students. The level of different types of motivation differs among the medical students of different gender, ethnicity, and year of study. Conclusion: The educators and the curriculum designers need to strategize to improve the motivation of the medical students which will improve their academic performance and well-being.

The Experience of Strengthening the Professional Motivation of Pediatricians Abroad and Its Enlightenment to China / 中国医学伦理学

At present, the contradiction between the lack of pediatricians and the increasing demand for pediatric medical services has become more and more prominent. Taking pediatricians as the research object, this paper explored the needs and motivation of professional development of pediatricians in China by referring to a series of excellent foreign research results, so as to improve the professional development of pediatricians, reconstruct the ecology of pediatricians and patients, then improve medical experience, and alleviate the "shortage of pediatricians" and "difficulty in seeing a doctor" in pediatrics. Enhancing the work enthusiasm and professional motivation of pediatricians can not only improve the satisfaction of patients, but also enhance the quality of medical services, so as to promote the growth of the hospital’s own economic and social benefits.

Barriers to lifestyle modification in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a scoping review / Journal of Rural Medicine

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is common worldwide, and lifestyle modifications are key to its treatment. This study aimed to identify the barriers to lifestyle modifications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and to organize the results using the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model.Materials and Methods: The framework of Arksey and O’ Malley was used in this scoping review. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library without language restrictions for reports published up to September 11, 2022, including peer-reviewed literature reporting barriers to lifestyle modifications in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Patient-reported barriers were analyzed inductively and organized into the components (capability, opportunity, and motivation) of the COM-B model.Results: The literature search yielded 583 articles, of which seven qualitative studies, four quantitative studies, and one mixed-methods study met the inclusion criteria. Lack of time, lack of information on the diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, negative perceptions of the prescribed exercise and diet, physical symptoms interfering with the behavior, presence of comorbidities, and lack of family cooperation were frequently reported as barriers.Conclusion: The results of this study may contribute to the development of appropriate care and education strategies to promote behavioral changes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Sociodemographic, socioeconomic and motivational profile of brazilian triathletes / Perfil sociodemográfico, socioeconómico y motivacional de los triatletas brasileños / Perfil sociodemográfico, socioeconômico e motivacional de triatletas brasileiros

ABSTRACT Introduction: Triathlon can be considered one of the most successful endurance sports worldwide due to the wide dissemination of information, expansion of the offer of competitions, and greater popularity. Objective: To analyze Brazilian triathletes' sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and motivational profiles. Methods: 411 triathletes participated in the study, 127 women [37.87 ± 9.34 years] and 284 men [36.02 ± 9.23 years]. Three questionnaires were sent electronically to assess sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and motivational data. In addition, descriptive analyses and statistical tests were performed to compare motivation between age, sex, and technical level groups. Results: It was found that there is a prevalence of male triathletes, amateurs, aged between 30-40 years, employed and economically favored. Amateur athletes have running as a base sport for Triathlon, and professionals start their sports career through swimming. Among the most practiced distances are the sprint Triathlon and half Ironman. Regarding motivation, women differ in the dimensions of group activity (p=0.020), emotion (p=0.002), and technical competence (p=0.007). Professional triathletes had higher scores in the dimensions of social recognition (p=0.001) and competition (p=0.001) and lower scores in the physical fitness dimension (p=0.005). Triathletes aged between 35 and 49 years had lower averages in the social recognition dimension (p=0.007), (p=0.012) and (p=0.004) and competition (p=0.028), (p=0.008) and (p=0.044) when compared to athletes aged 20 to 29 years. Conclusion: the profile of Brazilian triathletes is diverse, and differences in sex, age, and technical level impacted the motivation of the evaluated triathletes. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnosis test; Study of non-consecutive patients, with no uniformly applied "gold standard".

RESUMEN Introducción: El triatlón puede considerarse uno de los deportes de resistencia de mayor éxito a nivel mundial debido a la gran difusión de información, ampliación de la oferta de competiciones y mayor popularidad. Objetivo: Analizar el perfil sociodemográfico, socioeconómico y motivacional de los triatletas brasileños. Métodos: Participaron en el estudio 411 triatletas, 127 mujeres [37,87 ± 9,34 años] y 284 hombres [36,02 ± 9,23 años]. Se enviaron electrónicamente tres cuestionarios para evaluar datos sociodemográficos, socioeconómicos y de motivación. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y pruebas estadísticas para comparar la motivación entre grupos de edad, sexo y nivel técnico. Resultados: Se encontró que existe un predominio de triatletas masculinos, amateurs, con edades entre 30-40 años, empleados y económicamente favorecidos. Los deportistas aficionados tienen la carrera como deporte base para el Triatlón y los profesionales inician su carrera deportiva a través de la natación. Entre las distancias más practicadas se encuentran el Triatlón sprint y el medio Ironman. Respecto a la motivación, las mujeres difieren en las dimensiones actividad grupal (p=0,020), emoción (p=0,002) y competencia técnica (p=0,007). Los triatletas profesionales obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas en las dimensiones de reconocimiento social (p=0,001) y competición (p=0,001) y puntuaciones más bajas en la dimensión de condición física (p=0,005). Los triatletas con edades comprendidas entre 35 y 49 años tuvieron medias más bajas en la dimensión reconocimiento social (p=0,007), (p=0,012) y (p=0,004) y competición (p=0,028), (p=0,008) y (p=0,044) en comparación con atletas de 20 a 29 años. Conclusión: el perfil de los triatletas brasileños es diverso y las diferencias de sexo, edad y nivel técnico impactaron en la motivación de los triatletas evaluados. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudios diagnósticos - Investigación de un diagnóstico prueba; Estudio de pacientes no consecutivos, sin un "patrón oro" aplicado uniformemente.

RESUMO Introdução: O Triathlon pode ser considerado um dos esportes endurance de maior sucesso mundialmente devido à grande disseminação de informações, ampliação da oferta de competições e maior popularidade. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil sociodemográfico, socioeconômico e motivacional de triatletas brasileiros. Métodos: Participaram da pesquisa 411 triatletas, sendo 127 mulheres [37,87 ± 9,34 anos] e 284 homens [36,02 ± 9,23 anos]. Foram enviados eletronicamente três questionários que avaliam dados sociodemográficos, socioeconômicos e a motivação. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e testes estatísticos para comparar a motivação entre grupos de idade, sexo e nível técnico. Resultados: Verificou-se que há prevalência de triatletas homens, amadores, com faixa etária entre 30-40 anos, empregados e economicamente favorecidos. Atletas amadores possuem a corrida como esporte de base para o Triathlon e profissionais iniciam sua carreira esportiva pela natação. Entre as distâncias mais praticadas estão o Triathlon sprint e meio Ironman. Sobre a motivação, mulheres diferem nas dimensões de atividade de grupo (p=0,020), emoção (p=0,002) e competência técnica (p=0,007). Triatletas profissionais apresentaram maiores pontuações nas dimensões de reconhecimento social (p=0,001) e competição (p=0,001) e menores pontuações na dimensão aptidão física (p=0,005). Triatletas com idades entre 35 a 49 anos obtiveram menores médias na dimensão reconhecimento social (p=0,007), (p=0,012) e (p=0,004) e competição (p=0,028), (p=0,008) e (p=0,044) quando comparados com atletas de 20 a 29 anos. Conclusão: o perfil de triatletas brasileiros é diverso e as diferenças de sexo, idade e nível técnico impactaram na motivação dos triatletas avaliados. Nível de Evidência III; Estudos diagnósticos - Investigação de um diagnóstico este; Estudo de pacientes não consecutivos, sem "padrão ouro" aplicado de maneira uniforme.

Influence of motivation to learn on adolescents' quality of life and school performance: A protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis / Influência da motivação para aprender na qualidade de vida e no desempenho escolar de adolescentes: um protocolo de revisão sistemática com metanálise

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the relationship between motivation to learn and the quality of life and academic performance of middle-school adolescents. Methods: the review will be based on international guidelines. The PEO (Population, Exposure, Outcome) strategy was used to develop the research question, and eligibility criteria were established. The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science databases will be consulted with the respective search equations. Evaluators will independently follow some steps to select the studies. Data will be extracted with a specific instrument. Protocols according to the study type will be used to assess the methodological quality or risk of bias of the studies. The results will be analyzed and presented both qualitatively and quantitatively. Final Considerations: this study will analyze the pieces of research on the topics in question, identifying existing gaps and enabling closer observation of the available evidence to guide educational practices and action planning aimed at promoting health for adolescent students.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a relação da motivação para aprender com a qualidade de vida e com o desempenho escolar de adolescentes do ensino fundamental. Métodos: a revisão será embasada em diretrizes internacionais. A estratégia PEO (População, Exposição, Desfecho) foi utilizada para elaborar a pergunta norteadora e foram estabelecidos critérios de elegibilidade. As bases de dados Medline, via PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science serão consultadas por meio das respectivas equações de busca. Para seleção dos estudos, algumas etapas serão cumpridas por avaliadoras de forma independente. A extração dos dados será realizada por meio de instrumento próprio. Para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica ou risco de viés dos estudos serão utilizados protocolos segundo o tipo de estudo. A análise e a apresentação dos resultados serão feitas de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. Considerações Finais: o desenvolvimento deste trabalho possibilitará uma análise das pesquisas realizadas sobre as temáticas envolvidas, identificando lacunas existentes, além de possibilitar a observação mais detida das evidências disponíveis para nortear a prática educativa e o planejamento de ações que visem à promoção da saúde para estudantes adolescentes.

Procedimento online de incentivo à leitura em crianças com dificuldades escolares e seus responsáveis, durante a pandemia de COVID-19 / Online procedure to encourage reading in children with school difficulties and their guardians, during the COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMO A escola é o principal ambiente para a promoção formal da alfabetização e do letramento, os quais são portas para o mundo da leitura. Porém, com a ocorrência da pandemia do COVID-19, as atividades pedagógicas tiveram que ser suspensas ou adaptadas ao modelo remoto, acarretando prejuízos a todos os alunos, e principalmente àqueles que já apresentavam dificuldades escolares, especialmente as relacionadas à leitura. Sabe-se que a proficiência e o hábito de leitura são condições importantes para o desenvolvimento acadêmico geral. Estudos têm demonstrado que a aplicação de estratégias no contexto familiar e a utilização de plataformas digitais, com a finalidade de compartilhamento de leituras, são práticas favorecedoras do hábito leitor. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetivou relatar as experiências da aplicação online de um procedimento de incentivo à leitura, em crianças com dificuldades escolares e seus respectivos responsáveis (seis díades), com a utilização de uma plataforma digital específica para compartilhamentos de leituras. Dentre os resultados obtidos estão: a mudança de comportamentos das crianças envolvidas para maior propensão a hábitos leitores, a mudança de atitudes diárias das mães no ambiente familiar para o incentivo à leitura, e a presença de comportamentos incentivadores por parte das mães, frente ao compartilhamento de leituras de seus filhos. As experiências relatadas mostraram-se promissoras e para maior consolidação dos achados, sugerem-se novos estudos com número amostral que permita análises estatísticas, estudos longitudinais e também com uma possível aplicação presencial ou híbrida do procedimento.

ABSTRACT School is the main environment for the formal promotion of literacy and it is the first step to the world of reading. However, with the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, pedagogical activities had to be suspended or adapted to the remote model, causing harm to all students, and notably to those who already had school difficulties, especially those related to reading. Proficiency and the habit of reading are important conditions for academic development. Studies have shown that the application of strategies in the family context and the use of digital platforms, with the purpose of sharing readings, are practices that promote the reading habit. Therefore, the present study aimed to report the experiences of applying an online procedure to encourage reading in children with school difficulties and their respective guardians (six dyads), using a specific digital platform for sharing readings. The results obtained include a behavioral change in the children towards solid reading habits, a change in mothers' daily attitudes in the family environment towards encouraging reading, and mothers' encouraging behaviors when sharing their children's reading. The experiences reported were promising and, to further consolidate the findings, new studies are suggested with a sample size that allows statistical analyses, longitudinal studies and also with a possible face-to-face or hybrid application of the procedure.