The first interactive science museum in Peru: the origin and creation of TECNO-ITINTEC, 1975-1979 / El primer museo interactivo de ciencias del Perú: origen y creación de TECNO-ITINTEC, 1975-1979

Abstract This paper examines the development of the TECNO-ITINTEC museum, the first interactive science museum in Peru, which opened in 1979. The museum functioned under the Institute of Industrial Technology Research and Technical Standards (ITINTEC), a public institution established during the government of Velazco Alvarado. In 1975, Jorge Heraud became the president of ITINTEC's Board of Directors and proposed a science museum to inspire future generations of scientists. José Castro Mendívil joined as the exhibition's director and designer. Their motivation to open a museum coincided with the government's ideals for modernization and nationalization. This article analyzes various sources including newspapers, laws that regulated the institute, reports, and interviews with people involved in the museum to understand how science and politics intersected in TECNO-ITINTEC

Resumen Este artículo examina la creación del museo TECNO-ITINTEC, el primer museo interactivo de ciencias del Perú, inaugurado en 1979. El museo funcionó bajo el Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Industrial y de Normas Técnicas (ITINTEC), una institución pública creada durante el gobierno de Velazco Alvarado. En 1975, Jorge Heraud se convirtió en presidente de la Junta Directiva de ITINTEC y propuso un museo de ciencias para inspirar a las futuras generaciones de científicos. José Castro Mendívil se incorporó como director y creador de la exposición. Sus motivaciones para abrir el museo coincidieron con los ideales del gobierno militar de modernización y nacionalización. Este artículo analiza diversas fuentes incluyendo periódicos, leyes que regulaban el instituto, informes y entrevistas a personas involucradas en el museo para comprender cómo la ciencia y la política se cruzaban en TECNO-ITINTEC.

Museo de la Medicina Mexicana. Antecedentes históricos (1951-1982) / The Museum of Mexican Medicine. Historical Background (1951-1982)

Resumen El Museo de la Medicina Mexicana es un lugar dedicado a la divulgación de la historia de la medicina, en especial la de nuestro país. El museo se ubica en el Palacio de la Escuela de Medicina en la ciudad de México. En este trabajo se presentan los antecedentes del Museo de la Medicina Mexicana, elemento clave que fue del Departamento de Historia y Filosofía de la Medicina (DHyFM) de la UNAM en la enseñanza y divulgación de la historia de la medicina. Por ello, indicaremos los antecedentes, información de sus promotores, los trabajos a favor del museo, el origen de la colección museográfica y las primeras exposiciones.

Abstract The Museum of Mexican Medicine is a place dedicated to the divulgation of the history of medicine especially Mexico's history. The museum is located in the Palace of the School of Medicine in Mexico City. In this work we present the background of the Museum of Mexican Medicine, a key element of UNAM's Department of History and Philosophy of Medicine (DHyFM) for teaching and divulgating the history of medicine. Therefore, we will indicate the background, information of its promoters, works for the museum, the origin of the museographic collection and the first exhibitions.

Coleção de modelos anatômicos do Museu da Pharmacia da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto / The anatomical model collection at the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto's Museum of Pharmacy

Resumo A Escola de Farmácia de Ouro Preto, fundada em 1839, foi a primeira da América Latina desvinculada de uma escola de medicina. No final do século XIX, contou com um acervo de modelos anatômicos franceses dos renomados Deyrolle, Dr. Auzoux e Vasseur-Tramod, muitos fabricados em cera ou papel machê. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo resgatar, identificar, higienizar, restaurar e expor os modelos. De unidades acadêmicas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 17 modelos anatômicos foram resgatados e transferidos para o Museu da Pharmacia, onde receberam o devido tratamento. Os modelos em melhores condições foram expostos no museu formando parte da coleção de ensino do curso de farmácia de Ouro Preto.

Abstract The Ouro Preto School of Pharmacy was founded in 1839 and was the first pharmacy school in Latin America independent from a medical school. At the end of the nineteenth century, it had a collection of French anatomical models made by Deyrolle, Dr. Auzoux, and Vasseur-Tramod, many produced from wax or papier-mâché. This project involved recovering, identifying, cleaning, restoring, and exhibiting seventeen models found in various facilities from Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. The models in good condition were exhibited in the Museum of Pharmacy (where this work was carried out) as part of the teaching collection for the Ouro Preto pharmacy course.

From Dresden to the world: images of the German Hygiene Museum's relations with Latin America, 1911-1933 / De Dresden para o mundo: imagens das relações do Museu Alemão de Higiene com a América Latina, 1911-1933

Abstract As of the nineteenth century, the number of world fairs and hygiene exhibitions grew significantly. This phenomenon was linked to the experience of modernity and the emergence of bacteriology, when different cities were sanitized with the aim of combating urban diseases and epidemics. For the purpose of sanitary education and hygiene propaganda, many objects and pictures were displayed in hygiene exhibitions and museums, such as the International Hygiene Exhibition of 1911 and the German Hygiene Museum, both in Dresden. The goal of this article is to analyze a chapter of the international history of health through images that portray the connections between the German Hygiene Museum and Latin American countries between 1911 and 1933.

Resumo A partir do século XIX, o número de exposições universais e de exposições de higiene cresceu significativamente. Esse fenômeno estava ligado à experiência da modernidade e ao surgimento da bacteriologia, quando diferentes cidades foram higienizadas com o objetivo de combater doenças e epidemias urbanas. Visando à educação sanitária e à propaganda da higiene, inúmeros objetos e imagens foram exibidos em exposições e museus de higiene, como na Exposição Internacional de Higiene de 1911 e no Museu Alemão de Higiene, ambos em Dresden. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar um capítulo da história internacional da saúde por meio de imagens que retratam as conexões entre o Museu Alemão de Higiene e os países latino-americanos de 1911 a 1933.

Practical exploration of carrying forward the spirit of scientists in the new era:Taking carrying forward the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite”organized by China Museum of Nuclear Science and Technology as an example / 中国辐射卫生

Great causes breed great spirits, and great spirits guide great causes. As an embodiment of the spirit of scientists, the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite” contains great spiritual power. This paper introduces some practical exploration of carrying forward the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite”in the new era from the dimensions of psychology and technology, and puts forward some personal thinking and suggestions.

Aislamiento e identificación de microrganismos ambientales del museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán / Isolation and identification of the environmental microrganism of the Tumbas Reales de Sipán museum

RESUMEN Las bacterias y los hongos son un riesgo potencial para el material arqueológico y trabajadores de los museos en Lambayeque, Perú. Con el objetivo de cuantificar la microbiología ambiental aislada del museo Tumbas Reales de Sipán, se muestrearon cuatro almacenes, con Agar Nutritivo y Agar Papa Dextrosa, incubándose a 30 °C, en aerobiosis, hasta por 7 días, para bacterias y, hasta por 10 días, para hongos. Se cuantificaron bacterias con un máximo de 2,7x104 UFC cm-2, en las superficies de pisos y paredes; 1,4x103 UFC m-3, en el aire y hongos filamentosos, con un máximo de 7,5x104 UFC cm-2, en las superficies y 9,1x104 UFC m-3, en el aire. Se aislaron e identificaron los géneros de bacterias: Bacillus, Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Nocardia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus y Streptomyces y los géneros de hongos filamentosos: Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Circinella, Syncephalastrum, Penicillium, Alternaria, Staphylotrichum, Cercospora, Rhizopus, Cunninghamella, Chrysosporium, Nigrospora, Stachybotrys, Gliocladium y Verticillium.

ABSTRACT Bacteria and fungi are a potential risk to archaeological material and museum workers in Lambayeque, Peru. In order to quantify the isolated environmental microbiology of the Tumbas Reales de Sipán museum, four warehouses were sampled with Nutritive Agar and Papa Dextrose Agar, incubated at 30 °C in aerobiosis for up to 7 days for bacteria and up to 10 days for fungi. Bacteria were quantified with a maximum of 2.7x104 CFU cm-2 on the floor and wall surfaces, 1.4x103 CFU m-3 in the air and filamentous fungi with a maximum of 7.5x104 CFU cm-2 on the surfaces and 9.1x104 CFU m-3 in the air. Bacterial genera were isolated and identified: Bacillus, Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Nocardia, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Streptomyces and the filamentous fungal genera: Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Circinella, Syncephalastrum, Penicillium, Cyrryspunrichum, Cyrrysopositive, Cyrrysylopola Rushingum, Cyrrysophyllizum, Nigrospora, Stachybotrys, Gliocladium and Verticillium.

Diálogos entre Nise e Jung: a obra expressiva de Nise da Silveira e suas contribuições para a psicologia analítica / Dialogues between Nise and Jung: the expressive work of Nise da Silveira and their contributions to analytical psychology / Diálogos entre Nise y Jung: la obra expresiva de Nise da Silveira y sus contribuciones a la psicología analítica

Nise da Silveira foi uma referência na psicologia analítica por pautar seu trabalho nos referenciais de Jung que a apoiou e a convidou para expor trabalhos realizados na saúde mental no Brasil, numa exposição em Zurique. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar aspectos do trabalho de Nise da Silveira e suas contribuições para a psicologia analítica. A metodologia é o uso de pesquisa bibliográfica com alguns estudos de Jung, Nise da Silveira e outros autores que se dedicaram a compreender o tema. Considera-se que o trabalho com esquizofrênicos e a leitura de imagens empregadas no Museu de Imagens do Inconsciente permanecem como um legado que ainda está em movimento na psicologia analítica como fonte de pesquisa e estudo. ■

Nise da Silveira was a reference in analytical psychology for basing her work in the references of Jung who gave support in her work and invited her to exhibit works carried out in mental health in Brazil, in an exhibition in Zurich. The objective of this article is to analyze aspects of Nise da Silveira's work and her contributions to analytical psychology. The methodology is the use of bibliographic research with some studies by Jung, Nise da Silveira and other authors who have dedicated themselves to understanding the theme treated, supporting this analysis. It is considered that the work with schizophrenics and the reading of images used in the Museum of Images of the Unconscious, remain as a legacy that is still in motion in analytical psychology as a source of research and study. ■

Nise da Silveira fue una referencia en psicología analítica para guiar su trabajo sobre las referencias de Jung que la apoyaron en su trabajo y la invitaron a exponer obras realizadas en salud mental en Brasil, en una exposición en Zúrich. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar aspectos del trabajo de Nise da Silveira y sus contribuciones a la psicología analítica. La metodología es el uso de la investigación bibliográfica con algunos estudios de Jung, Nise da Silveira y otros autores que se dedicaron a comprender el tema tratado que sustenta este análisis. Se considera que el trabajo con esquizofrénicos y la lectura de imágenes utilizadas en el Museo de Imágenes del Inconsciente, quedan como un legado que todavía está en movimiento en la psicología analítica como fuente de investigación y estudio. ■

The propagation and education strategy of Traditional Chinese Medicine culture in the museum field: taking the Chinese medicine museum of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as an example / 国际中医中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is the treasure of Chinese civilization. It embodies the characteristics and essence of the outstanding culture of China. As the indispensable platform, Chinese medicine museum plays an important role to spread the TCM culture and educate the public. This articl analyzes the difficulties and challenges of propagation and education of TCM in the museum field, explores the effective strategies from four aspects, covering the content construction, interpretation, education activities, and temporary exhibitions. Only in this way, the public education would be promoted effectively in the museum field.

Hacia una exposición científica del arte: estudio comparado (Pereira, Madrid) / Towards a scientific exhibition of art: comparative study (Pereira, Madrid) / Para uma exposição científica de arte: estudo comparativo (Pereira, Madrid)

Resumen Introducción: este trabajo aborda el problema del estatismo de la exposición de arte que, a diferencia de la exposición de ciencias y de museos de historia social, que han recibido un giro de enfoque científico y socio-cultural, respectivamente, la manera de exponer el arte permanece según el arquetipo de galería de arte. Objetivo: el objetivo principal es conocer cómo opera la información teórica y de fundamentación en la exposición de arte. Materiales y métodos: se realiza un estudio comparado de dos casos internacionales de exposición de arte. Una es Itinerarios del vértigo (2015), con obra de la colombiana Sandra Silva, en el Museo de Arte de Pereira, Colombia. La otra es La invención concreta (2013), con obra latinoamericana de la colección de arte de la Fundación "Patricia Phelps de Cisneros", en el Museo Nacional Centro de Arte "Reina Sofía" de Madrid, España. El método es de tipo cualitativo, basado en técnicas etnográficas para la recogida de datos y en técnicas de codificación y clasificación de los datos para el análisis, según tres descriptores clave: objetos que se expone en sala, estética-arquitectónica e información interna. Resultados: se refieren a dos tipos de exposición y desde una perspectiva de la transferencia del conocimiento artístico: una transferencia aplicada a la obra de arte y, otra, aplicada a dispositivos estético-artísticos que también son expuestos en sala. Conclusiones: Las conclusiones están dedicadas a aquellos aspectos más significativos para una exposición científica del arte según esta transferencia.

Abstract Introduction: this work addresses the problem of the statism of the art exhibition that, unlike the exhibition of sciences and museums of social history, on what has been applied a scientific and socio-cultural perspective, respectively; the manner of exhibit art keeps the archetype of the art gallery. Objective: the main objective is to know how theoretical information operates in the art exhibition. Materials and methods: this study consists in a comparative study between two international cases of art exhibition. One is Itinerarios del vértigo (2015), by a Colombian artist called Sandra Silva, at the Art Museum of Pereira, Colombia. The other is La invención concreta (2013), by the "Patricia Phelps de Cisneros" Foundation's Latin American Art Collection, at the "Reina Sofía" National Art Center Museum in Madrid, Spain. The method is qualitative, based on ethnographic techniques for the collection of data and on codification and classification techniques for the analysis, according to three key descriptors: objects that are exposed in showroom, aesthetic-architectural and internal information. Results: the results are about two types of exhibition regarding to a transfer of knowledge perspective: a transfer of knowledge applied to works of art and to aesthetic-artistic devices that are exhibited in the showrooms as well. Conclusions: the conclusions are directed to aspects that have been found most significant for a scientific exposition of art according to this transfer of artistic knowledge.

Resumo Introdução: este trabalho aborda o problema do estatismo da exposição de arte que, ao contrário da exposição de ciências e museus de história social, que têm recebeu uma virada de abordagem científica e sociocultural, respectivamente, a forma de expor restos de arte de acordo com o arquétipo da galeria de arte. Objetivo: o objetivo principal é saber como funcionam as informações teóricas e fundacionais na exposição de arte. Materiais e métodos: é realizado um estudo comparativo de dois casos internacionais de exposição de arte. Um é Itinerarios del vértigo (2015), com a obra da colombiana Sandra Silva, no Museu de Arte Pereira, Colômbia. O outro é La invención concreta (2013), com obras latino-americanas da coleção de arte da Fundação "Patricia Phelps de Cisneros", no Museu do Centro Nacional de Arte "Reina Sofia" de Madrid, Espanha,. O método é qualitativo, baseado em técnicas etnográficas de recolha de dados e em técnicas de codificação e classificação de dados para análise, segundo três descritores-chave: objectos expostos na sala, estético-arquitectónico e informação interna. Resultados: referem-se a dois tipos de exposição e numa perspectiva de transferência de conhecimento artístico: uma transferência aplicada à obra de arte e, outra, aplicada a dispositivos estético-artísticos que também são expostos na sala. Conclusões: as conclusões são dedicadas àqueles aspectos mais significativos para uma exposição científica de arte de acordo com esta transferência.

O estranho Inhotim: psicanálise a céu aberto / The uncanny Inhotim: psychoanalysis under the open sky / El extraño Inhotim: psicoanálisis a cielo abierto / L'étrange Inhotim: la psychanalyse en plein air

A partir da possibilidade de o psicanalista se deixar implicar por diferentes estímulos e em diferentes territorios (psicanálise a céu aberto), o autor se propõe a descrever as impressões e reflexões produzidas pela visita a algumas instalações de Cildo Meireles localizadas no Instituto Inhotim.

Based on the possibility that the psychoanalyst would allow oneself to be involved by different stimuli and in different territories (psychoanalysis under the open sky), the author proposes to describe the impressions and reflections produced by the visit to some installations by Cildo Meireles located at Instituto Inhotim.

Basado en la posibilidad de que el psicoanalista se deje involucrar por diferentes estímulos y en diferentes territorios (psicoanálisis a cielo abierto), el autor propone describir las impresiones y reflexiones producidas por la visita a algunas instalaciones de Cildo Meireles ubicadas en el Instituto Inhotim.

Tout en se basant sur la possibilité que le psychanalyste se laisse impliquer par différents stimuli et dans des différents territoires (psychanalyse en plein air), l'auteur se propose de décrire les impressions et les réflexions nées à la suite de la visite de quelques installations de Cildo Meireles situées à l'Institut Inhotim.

The post-pandemic museum in the Philippine context

@#In response to the global crisis brought about by the coronavirus pandemic, the Philippine government declared a countrywide State of Calamity, apart from imposing quarantines of different stringency across regions. As workplaces have been mandated to implement alternative arrangements, these major changes in turn have caused disruptions in, and called for adjustments to, business operations, with museums being among the affected. As museums are venues that store physical collections that call for physical presence and even the tactile involvement of audiences and visitors, their operations will have to be inevitably transformed post-pandemic, as are their visitors, whose mental health are likely to have been affected by the pandemic and resulting quarantine. Using the lens of crisis management, this paper analyzed the museums’ response to the changes brought about by the spread of disease and the resulting imposition of quarantine. Through a review of the responses of several Manila-based museums to the crisis, the paper assessed the readiness of the museums in creating appropriate and effective measures to manage decreased foot traffic and economic impact, among others. The paper asserts that various tactics were used as reactions, instead of proactive steps, to mitigate the effects of the pandemic to museums. The analyses are juxtaposed with degrowth initiatives, which may potentially address the economic issues arising from the pandemic. These initiatives may be of help in resolving the issue of collections management and curatorship, with a focus on the quality, rather than the quantity, of the museum’s collection and profits. Through postmodern and new museology theory, shifts from physical to virtual and other alternative modes of art experience are discussed as possible and effective solutions to this crisis. Overall, the paper aims to propose a revised model of operation that may be useful to museology in particular, and mental and planetary health in general.

Major range extensions for three species of porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae: Coendou) from the Brazilian Amazon / Extensão de distribuição de três espécies de porcos-espinhos, gênero Coendou (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) da Amazônia brasileira

Abstract: We report range extensions for three species of Amazonian erethizontids, Coendou bicolor, C. ichillus, and C. nycthemera. We record C. ichillus for the first time in Brazil, from Rio Japurá, state of Amazonas. We record C. bicolor for the first time in the state of Amazonas, which represents a range extension of approximately 905 km. We also extend the occurrence of C. nycthemera 620 km to the south into Mato Grosso state. All records are based on museum specimens, highlighting the importance of scientific collections as biodiversity databases and emphasizing the lack of research on Amazonian porcupines.

Resumo: Aqui nós relatamos ampliação de distribuição de três espécies de eretizontídeos amazônicos: Coendou bicolor, C. ichillus e C. nycthemera. Nós registramos pela primeira vez C. ichillus no Brasil, no Rio Japurá, estado do Amazonas. Registramos C. bicolor pela primeira vez no estado Amazonas, o que representa uma ampliação de distribuição de aproximadamente 905 km. Também estendemos a ocorrência de C. nycthemera 620 km ao sul, no estado de Mato Grosso. Todos os registros são baseados em espécimes de museu, enfatizando a importância das coleções científicas como bancos de dados da biodiversidade e a destacando ausência de pesquisas para porcos-espinhos amazônicos.

Jogo como patrimônio cultural: museus de brinquedos no Brasil / Games as cultural heritage: toys museums in Brazil / Juego como patrimonio cultural: museos de juguetes en Brasil

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo situar os museus de brinquedos no Brasil e, especificamente, compreender a história da constituição, acervo e relação educativa do Museu do Brinquedo Popular, localizado no Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - Cidade Alta, Natal/RN. Por meio de análise documental, de entrevistas e observações, identificamos ser um museu de brinquedos constituído por artefatos elaborados pelos próprios jogadores. Destaca-se a importância da pesquisa na Educação Física, identificando, registrando e reunindo no espaço museal parte do patrimônio lúdico desenvolvido pelas comunidades. Muito do processo e significados destes brinquedos esmaece quando são transportados para o museu, mas, ali, ganham a possibilidade educativa de congregar a diversidade que estava dispersa, construir novas relações sociais, evocar a memória, provocar o desejo de brincar e reconhecer o jogo como patrimônio cultural material e imaterial

This study looks into toys museums in Brazil to understand the history of establishment, the collections and the educational relationship of the Museu do Brinquedo Popular, located at the Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, in Cidade Alta, Natal, RN. Using documentary analysis, interviews and observations, the study found that it is a toy museum of artifacts made by the very people who played with them. Its constitution highlights the importance of research in Physical Education, identifying, recording and gathering part of the playful heritage developed by the communities in the space of the museum. Much of the process and meanings of these toys fade when they are transferred to the museum but they gain the educational possibility of gathering the diversity that was dispersed, building new social relations, evoking memory, provoking the desire to play, and recognizing game as material and immaterial heritage

Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de situar los museos de juguetes en Brasil y, específicamente, comprender la historia de la constitución, el acervo y la relación educativa del Museo del Juguete Popular, que se encuentra en el Instituto Federal de Rio Grande do Norte/Cidade Alta/Natal-RN. Realizada a través de análisis documental, de entrevistas y observaciones, identificamos ser un museo de juguetes constituido por artefactos elaborados por los propios jugadores. Se destaca la importancia de la investigación en la Educación Física, identificando, registrando y reuniendo en el espacio del museo parte del patrimonio lúdico desarrollado por las comunidades. Mucho del proceso y significados de estos juguetes se desvanecen al ser transportados para el museo, pero, allí, ganan la posibilidad educativa de congregar la diversidad que estaba dispersa, de construir nuevas relaciones sociales, evocar la memoria, provocar el deseo de jugar y reconocer el juego como patrimonio cultural material e inmaterial

Sesenta y cuatro nuevos registros para la flora del Perú a través de inventarios biológicos rápidos en la Amazonía peruana

Durante el período 2000 - 2016, se llevaron a cabo 15 inventarios biológicos en áreas remotas en el pie de monte andino y el llano amazónico del Perú. En estos inventarios, 27 botánicos colectaron un total de 9397 especímenes de plantas vasculares fértiles. Hasta finales del 2017, más de la mitad de estos especímenes se han identificado a nivel de especie, de los cuales 64 especies y 2 géneros (Dicorynia y Monopteryx) representan nuevos registros para la flora del Perú. Si esta tasa de novedades se mantiene, el número de registros nuevos en el material de los inventarios podría aumentar, lo cual nos indica que aún queda mucho por descubrir en la flora andino-amazónica del Perú.

Between 2000 and 2016 we carried out 15 rapid biological inventories in remote areas of the Andean foothills and Amazon basin in Peru. During these inventories, 27 botanists collected 9397 fertile vascular plant specimens. By the end of 2017, more than half of these specimens had been identified to species. Of the 2303 species identified to date, 64 species and 2 genera (Dicorynia and Monopteryx) are new records for the flora of Peru. If this rate of discovery proves typical, the number of new records for Peru in the rapid inventory material could increase, which indicates that there is still much to discover in the Peruvian flora.

Role of Innovations in Pathology Museum in Imparting Knowledge among Medical Students – A Hospital based Prospective Study

Introduction: Medical school museums are a permanent educational resource that provides access at the individual’s convenience. Many factors contributed to the decline of museum use: the high maintenance costs and the large amount of floor space. So, the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of “upgraded museum” settings on medical student’s satisfaction, knowledge, attitude and skills and to compare with traditional teaching settings. Material and Methods: All the 148 students were taught breast and thyroid topics during lecture hours. Pre-test was conducted for whole batch before the tutorials, using 50 multiple choice questions. For tutorials, students were divided into two groups (A and B) of 74 and 74 respectively. Group A (control group) were subjected to the traditional museum setting tutorials of having question / answer session and clarifying student doubts. Group B (experimental group) were exposed to innovative teaching &Learning aids like QR code generation and pasting it on museum specimens and corresponding slides and reading them by using smart phone applications. At the end of the two tutorial topics, all students (both control group and experimental group) were subjected to an examination having 50 multiple choice questions. Results: Group wise analysis of motivational levels based on Post-test Score (Experimental Group vs. Control Group) (Both topics). The significant t-value in the post tests indicates that the motivational levels of the Experiment group are much more than the control group of II year MBBS students. Conclusion: Innovative teaching &Learning methods at museum contribute to the improvement of skills; they provide a means for fun in the course, enrich the educational environment, encourage active participation and contribute to the reinforcement of knowledge gained in the course.

Children as curators: how to incorporate young visitors' voices into the elaboration and evaluation of a microbiology exhibition / Crianças como curadores: como incorporar as vozes dos jovens visitantes na elaboração e avaliação de uma exibição de microbiologia

Abstract Studies of museum publics are relatively recent, and studies of child visitors are even more recent. In this paper we summarize the types of exhibition evaluations mentioned in the literature and present an evaluation process for an exhibition about microbiology developed for and with input from 4-to-6-year-old children. As a case study we analyzed an exhibition entitled "The Giant World of Microbes." Audio and video interviews were recorded with child visitors, and the stimulated recall technique was also employed. The data indicate the importance of interactive activities in enhancing child motivation and providing pertinent routes to follow when preparing an exhibition geared toward children.

Resumo Os estudos sobre exibições em museus são relativamente recentes, e estudos sobre crianças visitantes são mais recentes ainda. Este trabalho faz um resumo dos tipos de avaliações de exibição mencionados na literatura e apresenta um processo de avaliação para uma exibição de microbiologia desenvolvida para, e com o auxilio de, crianças entre 4 e 6 anos. Como estudo de caso analisamos uma exibição intitulada "O Mundo Gigante dos Micróbios". Foram gravadas entrevistas de áudio e vídeo com os visitantes mirins, e também se utilizou a técnica de estimulação da memória. Os dados indicam a importância das atividades interativas no fortalecimento da motivação das crianças e oferecem caminhos pertinentes a seguir na elaboração de exibições focadas no público infantil.

Evaluation Of A New Technique For Supporting Anatomical Museum Specimens: A Comparative Study

Background: Museum specimens for anatomical and pathological studies are commonly mounted for display inKaiserling’s solution-filled jar. The present study was designed to demonstrate and compare a new method ofsupporting museum specimens in a jar known as Plastic pole method (PPM) with previous methods [Nylon tread(NTM) and Plastic bottle methods (PBM)].Materials and Methods: Two specimens for mounting were obtained from the Teaching Laboratory of theDepartment of Anatomy, UNEC. The specimens were bisected and each half was supported using either of 3mounting methods (PPM, NTM, and PBM) in museum jars using the standard Kaiserling’s technique. The mountedspecimens were exhibited to fifty (50) participants (10 staff and 40 students) of the Department of MedicalLaboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered for evaluation of the exhibitsunder the following criteria: clarity, multi-viewing points, stability of the specimen on its support materials,transparency of the museum mounts, and aesthetic outlook. The quality index of each method was determinedfrom the scores of the participants. Data obtained were statistically analysed and p values <0.05 were consideredsignificant.Results: Quality index scores of 86.82%, 69.76%, and 77.76%, for PPM, NTM, and PBM respectively. On claritybasis, PBM had the highest score of 212, while NTM had the lowest score of 172. PPM had the best scores for allother criteria.Conclusion: The novel method demonstrated in the present study (Plastic pole method) is readily available, easyand effective for learning. Thus, it appears to be a promising technique for the mounting of anatomic pathologicalspecimens in a medical museum

Identidade e lugares de memória no Museu da Imigração Pomerana / Identity and sites of memory in the Museum of the Pomeranian Immigration / Identidad y lugares de memoria en el Museo de la Inmigración Pomerana

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o Museu da Imigração Pomerana de Santa Maria de Jetibá - em seu papel de guardião da história de um povo, testemunhando o passado e se transformando em princípio de ação do presente para o futuro - como lugar de memória e esquecimento de dinâmicas racistas e étnico-raciais, desde eixo analítico fundamentado em Pierre Nora e seu conceito de Lugares de Memória. Os resultados evidenciaram memórias do grupo pomerano que se fazem presentes como elementos de preservação identitária, e também esquecimentos, como o da questão do negro e do racismo, estritamente vinculados à imigração pomerana por conta do projeto de branqueamento e das políticas de imigração de fins do século XIX e princípios do XX

This paper aims at analyzing Santa Maria de Jetibá's Museum of Pomeranian Immigration - in its role as guardian of a people's history, witnessing the past and rendering itself a future-oriented action principle - as a site of memory and forgetfulness of racist and ethnical-racial dynamics. We ground our investigation upon Pierre Nora studies, and particularly upon his concept of sites of memory. Results shed light on Pomeranian memories which act as elements of identity preservation, as well as forgotten aspects, such as the issue of black people and racism, closely linked to the Pomeranian immigration related to the whitening project and to immigration policies established in the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th centuries

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el Museo de la Inmigración Pomerana de Santa María de Jetibá - considerando su papel de guardián de la historia de un pueblo, testimoniando el pasado y transformándose en principio de acción del presente para el futuro - como lugar de memoria y olvido de dinámicas racistas y étnico-raciales, desde el eje analítico fundamentado en Pierre Nora y su concepto de Lugares de Memoria. Los resultados evidenciaron memorias del grupo pomerano que se hacen presentes como elementos de preservación identitaria, y también olvidos, como el de la cuestión del negro y del racismo, estrictamente vinculados a la inmigración pomerana en virtud del proyecto de blanqueamiento y de las políticas de inmigración de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX

O museu como contexto de educação comunitária: um projeto de promoção do envelhecimento bem - sucedido / Museum as context of community education: the case of a project of successful ageing

A intervenção aqui descrita resultou de um trabalho de investigação intervenção desenvolvido com população idosa que frequenta uma oficina de educação de adultos num museu, cuja finalidade se centrou na promoção do envelhecimento ativo através da animação sociocultural. Abrangeu um grupo de 37 participantes com idades compreendidas entre quarenta e noventa anos. Recorrendo ao paradigma interpretativo-hermenêutico, foi desenvolvido um trabalho de investigação-ação participativa utilizando as técnicas de animação sociocultural, enquanto metodologias que fomentam a motivação e participação da população-alvo do projeto. Partindo dos interesses, necessidades e potencialidades dos participantes, foram desenvolvidos quatro ateliers: a) Atividades Físicas; b) Desenvolvimento Interpessoal; c) (In)Formação e d) Expressão Artística, nos quais foram dinamizados diversos tipos de atividades a nível físico, cognitivo, lúdico, social e afetivo, que permitiram desenvolver as capacidades funcionais do idoso (mobilidade, memória, criatividade, reflexão crítica), fomentar o convívio e as relações interpessoais. A intervenção teve resultados positivos dado que na avaliação final os participantes destacaram os benefícios do projeto, nomeadamente, aos níveis do bem-estar físico e psicológico, do relacionamento interpessoal e da aquisição de novas aprendizagens. Este projeto reiterou a importância da animação sociocultural como intervenção promotora de aprendizagens, do bem-estar e da qualidade de vida junto da população idosa. (AU)

The intervention here described resulted from a research/intervention work developed with the elderly who attended an adult education workshop in a museum, which purpose was to promote active aging by means of sociocultural animation. It involved a group of 37 participants aged between forty and ninety years. The authors developed a participatory action-research, applying the interpretive-hermeneutic paradigm and resorting to sociocultural animation techniques-methodologies that usually foster motivation and participation on the target population. Based on the interests, needs and potential of the participants, four workshops were developed: a) Physical Activities; b) Interpersonal Development; c) (In)formation and d) Artistic Expression. Various types of activities (physical, cognitive, recreational, social and emotional) were fostered, which allowed the development of the elderly's functional abilities (e.g. mobility, memory, creativity, critical reflection), the fostering of interactional and interpersonal processes. The intervention had positive results as the final evaluation revealed: the participants highlighted the benefits of the project, in particular, the levels of physical and psychological well-being, the augment of the quality of their relationships with others and the occurrence of new apprenticeships. This project reiterated the importance of social and cultural activities regarding the elderly's learning processes, welfare and quality of life. (AU)