RESUMO
Natural medicinal chemistry is one of the important courses for students in pharmacy majors. Its experimental teaching focuses on fostering comprehensive experimental skills and innovative abilities of undergraduates. Liaoning University has explored ways to promote the experimental teaching of natural drug chemistry based on the graduate employment and practical teaching experience in the past decade. These explorations include three aspects, such as synchronizing experimental teaching with theoretical teaching, fostering students' awareness of experimental safety, and improving experimental teaching methods in natural drug chemistry experiments. The practices showed that the reform has achieved a good effect. A teaching system that can achieve the three expected aspects has been established, which improved the teaching effect and quality of natural medicinal chemistry experimental courses for undergraduates. Furthermore, these explorations may facilitate fostering pharmacy specialists who can meet the opportunities of developing Chinese medicine and natural drug research and meet the requirements of employment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Química Farmacêutica/educação , Estudantes , UniversidadesRESUMO
Streptomycin isolated from microorganism is a major milestone in human history to beat tuberculosis, and guides the research of aminoglycoside antibiotics. As the second antibiotics which could be used in clinic after penicillin, the discovery of streptomycin owed much to the systematic research of Dr. Selman Abraham Waksman on microorganism in moil for more than 20 years and hard work of many scientists from different subjects. The systematic experimental method that found antibiotics was built by Dr. S A Waksman and the discovery of streptomycin greatly promoted the development of antibiotics in 1940s. This paper reviewed the study process of streptomycin development and the outstanding contributions of related scientists. At the same time, hoping to encourage the young scientists to work hard and make great contribution for the benefit of humanity. This is one of the series papers about historical story on natural medicinal chemistry.
RESUMO
Determination of the absolute configuration is considered one of the most complicated works in the natural products study. Mosher's method provides a practical solution for the stereochemistry determination of natural products by means of NMR spectroscopy. This article, which reviews the classic application of Mosher's method, is one of the series of historical stories on natural product chemistry published in this journal.
RESUMO
The study on natural product chemistry plays an important role in drug development and microbe is one of the main sources of new drugs. Rapamycin is isolated from the bacterium ensconced in a sample of Easter Island's soil, the compound has led to several approved immunosuppressant and anticancer drugs. The researchers studying on the target of rapamycin have got the "Nobel-class" achievements. In this paper, the discovery and study on rapamycin is summarized to provide the references for future related research.
RESUMO
Robert Burns Woodward was a well-known natural organic chemist. This paper reviewed the work and his contribution to the development of natural product chemistry and total synthesis of natural products including spectroscopic methods such as UV, IR, and NMR, the Octant Rule, structure elucidation and total synthesis of natural products, theory study, biogenesis, et al. This is one of the series papers about historical story on natural medicinal chemistry, which was dedicated to Robert Burns Woodward on the occasion of his 100th birthday.
RESUMO
Microorganisms have provided abundant sources of natural products, which have been developed as commercial products for human medicine, animal health, and plant crop protection. Avermectin discovered from Streptomyces avermectinius was the first macrocyclic lactones against parasitic worms. The semi-synthetic derivative of avermectin, ivermectin, was used to treat onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis in human. Two scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize for the great contribution to the discovery and research of these drugs. This paper reviewed the study and development of avermectins and ivermectin. This is one of the series papers about historical story on natural medicinal chemistry.
RESUMO
Unlike terrestrial organisms, marine organisms have to adapt to extreme marine environmental conditions, and to acclimatize to these conditions, marine organisms possess unique characteristics that differentiate from terrestrial organisms in many aspects, such as metabolism. And this led to marine organisms often produce unique secondary metabolites that have not been observed in terrestrial organisms. Diversity of marine natural products has played a fundamental role in biomedical research and drug development during the last decades, either directly as drugs or as leading compounds that were further optimized by medicinal chemists. From these efforts, 10 approved drugs and dozen current clinical trial agents have been discovered, either as natural products or molecules inspired from the natural product structure. This paper summarized the new drugs developed from marine organisms. This is one of the series papers about "historical story on natural medicinal chemistry".