Sobre o lugar e a função do fantasma entre os anos de 1953 a 1964 do ensino de Lacan / Sur la place et la fonction du fantôme entre les années 1953 et 1964 dans l'enseignement de Lacan / About the place and function of the phantasm between the years of 1953 to 1964 of Lacan's teaching

O conceito de fantasma possui uma importância crucial para o enquadramento da experiência em psicanálise. Este artigo pretende situar o lugar e a função do fantasma neurótico na experiência analítica partindo da função da fala, tal como proposto por Lacan. Para tanto, selecionamos alguns textos e seminários de Lacan situados entre os anos de 1953 a 1964. Nossa hipótese de trabalho consiste na suposição de que, ao enquadrar uma realidade constituída inconscientemente enquanto resposta ao desejo do Outro, o fantasma serve para perpetuar ao neurótico um senso de ser idêntico a si mesmo à medida em que tende a promover um apagamento de contradições provenientes da posição que, como sujeito, ocupa em relação a este desejo. Ao ser concebida como irrupção de um objeto com valor de não-eu no enquadre fantasmático, a angústia produz um efeito reverso, constituindo, por conseguinte, tanto uma contraprova quanto um apoio na demonstração dessa hipótese.

Le concept de fantôme revêt une importance cruciale pour encadrer l'expérience en psychanalyse. Cet article veut situer la place et la fonction du fantasme névrotique dans l'expérience analytique à partir de la fonction de la parole, comme le propose Lacan. Pour cela, nous avons sélectionné quelques textes et séminaires de Lacan situés entre les années 1953 et 1964. Notre hypothèse de travail est qu'en encadrant une réalité inconsciemment constituée en réponse au désir de l'Autre, le fantôme sert à perpétuer chez le névrosé un sentiment d'être identique à lui-même dans la mesure où il tend à favoriser un effacement des contradictions nées de la position qu'il occupe, en tant que sujet, par rapport à ce désir. Conçue comme l'irruption d'un objet ayant valeur de non-moi dans le cadre fantasmatique, l'angoisse produit un effet inverse, constituant donc à la fois une contre-preuve et un support à la démonstration de cette hypothèse.

The concept of the phantasm holds a crucial importance for framing the experience in psychoanalysis. This article aims to situate the place and function of the neurotic phantasm in the analytical experience, starting from the function of speech as proposed by Lacan. To do so, we have selected some texts and seminars by Lacan between the years of 1953 to 1964. Our working hypothesis is that by framing an unconsciously constituted reality as a response to the Other's desire, the phantasm serves to perpetuate in the neurotic subject a sense of being identical to themselves as it tends to promote an erasure of contradictions arising from the subject's position in relation to this desire. When conceived as the irruption of an object with a non-ego value in the phantasmatic frame, anxiety produces a reverse effect, thereby constituting both a counterproof and a support in demonstrating this hypothesis.

Frecuencia de trastornos mentales y sus características sociodemográficas en pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados en un hospital psiquiátrico de Lima Metropolitana

Introducción. La descripción de las características y los diagnósticos de pacientes psiquiátricos con COVID-19 durante la pandemia ha sido poco descrito en el Perú. Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia de diagnósticos psiquiátricos y sus características sociodemográficas en pacientes con prueba antigénica positiva a COVID-19 en un hospital psiquiátrico peruano durante julio 2020 a julio 2021. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo basado en la revisión de 100 historias clínicas de pacientes entre 18 y 70 años. Las variables estudiadas fueron el diagnóstico de ingreso y variables sociodemográficas como edad, sexo, nivel académico, ocupación, días de estancia. Resultados. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron esquizofrenia, trastornos esquizotípicos y trastornos de ideas delirantes (49%) y los trastornos del humor (37%). El 66% pertenecía a los niveles socioeconómicos más bajos y el 60% eran pacientes continuadores. El mes de abril de 2021 presentó la mayor cantidad de ingresos (n=15). Conclusión. Durante un año de observación en tiempos de emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19, ingresaron a un hospital psiquiátrico de referencia 100 pacientes con diagnóstico psiquiátrico que además tuvieron infección por SARS-CoV-2, la mayoría de estos pacientes tuvieron trastornos psicóticos.

Introduction. The description of the characteristics and diagnoses of psychiatric patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic has been poorly described in Peru. Objective. To describe the frequency of mental disorders and the associated sociodemographic characteristics of patients with a positive antigen test for COVID-19 in a peruvian psychiatric hospital from July 2020 to July 2021. Methods. For this descriptive study we analyzed 100 medical records of patients between 18 and 70 years old. The variables studied were the diagnosis according to ICD-10 and sociodemographic features such as age, gender, educational status, employment, days of admission. Results. The most common diagnoses were "Schizophrenia, schizotypal disorders and delusional disorders" (49%) and "mood disorders" (37%), 66% belonged to the lowest socioeconomic levels and 60% were recurrent patients. The month of April 2021 presented the highest number of admissions (n=15). Conclusion. In a year of observation during the COVID-19 outbreak, 100 patients with psychiatric diagnosis who also had SARS-CoV-2 infection were admitted to a reference psychiatric hospital, most of these patients had psychotic disorders.

Beforeigners. Un caso de segregación en una metrópoli multiculturalista / A Case of Segregation in a Multiculturalist Metropolis in The Beforeigners Series

Tomando como eje la noción de plus de gozar propuesta por Jacques Lacan en su seminario De un Otro al otro, el presente trabajo aborda diferentes modos en que la serie de ciencia ficción noruega Beforeigners pone en escena modalidades de la segregación en una sociedad en la que predominan ideales como la tolerancia y la inclusión

Taking as its axis the notion of surplus jouissance [plus-de-jouir], proposed by Jacques Lacan in his seminar from an Other to the other, this paper addresses different ways in which the Norwegian science fiction series Beforeigners stages modalities of segregation in a society in which values such as tolerance and inclusion predominate

Formulation and evaluation of Buccal mucoadhesive tablets of diclofenac sodium using 23 factorial designs

Buccal tablets

Diclofenac sodium

Drug release

Mucoadhesion

Mucoadhesive tablets

Release kinetics

Does the Other of the Lacan oriented analyst not exist? / O Outro do analista de orientação lacaniana não existe? / L'Autre de l'analyste d'orientation lacanienne n'existe pas? / El Otro del analista de orientación lacaniana no existe?

The structure of the unconscious and the circuit of) drive both indicate that the symbolic and imaginary dimensions merge in the direction of a real referent - that, even in the best formalizations, keeps its singularity - and, at the end of an analysis, may allow the emergence of the "analyst's desire". For their optimal understanding, I used the reports of the Pass device, from the World Association of Psychoanalysis regarding the appearance of the "analyst's desire" in the end of their treatments. I pointed out that, quite contradictorily, today's "singularities" follow a standard. The "analyst's desire" is confused with the "desire to put oneself on display and become a celebrity". This is the conclusion that led me to the ask: which is the post-modern Lacan oriented analyst's Other?

A estrutura do inconsciente e o circuito da pulsão nos indicam que as dimensões do simbólico e do imaginário convergem em direção a um referente real - que, por melhor formalizado que seja, é sempre singular - e, ao final de uma análise, pode dar lugar à emergência do "desejo do analista". Para apreendê-los, recorri aos relatórios do dispositivo do passe da Associação Mundial de Psicanálise e dos testemunhos de analistas sobre o advento do "desejo do analista" ao final de suas análises. Destaquei que, contraditoriamente, as "singularidades" hoje seguem um padrão. O "desejo do analista" confunde-se com o "desejo de exibir-se e de se tornar uma celebridade". Essa conclusão me conduziu a interrogar: Qual é o Outro do analista lacaniano na pós-modernidade?

La structure de l'inconscient et le circuit de la pulsion indiquent que les dimensions symbolique et imaginaire convergent vers un référent réel - qui, aussi bien formalisé qu'il soit, est toujours singulier - et peuvent donner lieu, à la fin d'une analyse, à l'émergence du "désir de l'analyste". Pour les appréhender, j'ai me suis servie des rapports du dispositif de passe de l'Association mondiale de psychanalyse et des témoignages d'analystes sur l'avènement du "désir de l'analyste" à la fin de leurs analyses. J'ai souligné que, par contre, les "singularités" suivent aujourd'hui un schéma. Le "désir de l'analyste" est confondu avec le "désir de se montrer et de devenir une célébrité". Cette conclusion m'a conduit à me poser la question suivante : quel est l'Autre de l'analyste lacanien dans la post-modernité?

La estructura del inconsciente y el circuito pulsional indican que las dimensiones simbólica e imaginaria convergen hacia un referente real - que, por muy formalizado que esté, siempre es singular - y, al final de un análisis, puede dar lugar a la aparición del "deseo del analista". Para aprehenderlos, recurrí a los informes del dispositivo de pases de la Asociación Mundial de Psicoanálisis y a los testimonios de analistas sobre el advenimiento del "deseo del analista" al final de sus análisis. Subrayé que, contradictoriamente, las "singularidades" actuales siguen un padrón. El "deseo del analista" se confunde con el "deseo de presumir y convertirse en una celebridad". Esta conclusión me llevó a preguntarme: ¿Cuál es el Otro del analista lacaniano en la posmodernidad?

Da obra do gozo ou do sentido do sintoma: desordem simbólica e mínimo de Outro / Sobre el trabajo de goce o sobre el sentido del síntoma: desorden simbólico y mínimo del Otro / On the work of jouissance or on the meaning of the symptom: symbolic disorder and the minimum of the Other / Sur le travail de la jouissance ou sur le sens du symptôme: désordre symbolique et minimum de l'Autre

No fundamento do que o filósofo Dany-Robert Dufour chama de dessimbolização está o esvaecimento do grande Sujeito, o desaparecimento do Outro. Este, um conceito eminentemente psicanalítico, considerável no ensino do psicanalista Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, do qual o filósofo francês se serve. Se foi possível a Dufour indicar um processo de dessimbolização, não é porque a questão do Outro permaneceu intacta. O fato é que, na psicanálise lacaniana, também não. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica toma o singular paradoxo apresentado por Dufour, que aventa um regozijo frente ao sofrimento imiscuído na dessimbolização, mas contornando-o sobretudo desde o último Lacan, isto é, a partir do Seminário 20, e de seus aliados, a fim de fornecer outros operadores que possam problematizar essa leitura. Os desdobramentos e resultados alcançam a inconsistência do Outro frente ao protagonismo do modo de gozar do parlêtre

En el fundamento de lo que el filósofo Dany-Robert Dufour llama desimbolización está el desvanecimiento del gran Sujeto, la desaparición del Otro. Se trata de um concepto eminentemente psicoanalítico, considerable en la enseñanza del psicoanalista Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, del que hace uso el filósofo francés. Si fue posible para Dufour señalar un proceso de desimbolización, no es porque la cuestión del Otro permaneciera intacta. El caso es que, en el psicoanálisis lacaniano, tampoco. Esta investigación bibliográfica toma la singular paradoja presentada por Dufour, quien sugiere una alegría ante el sufrimiento que implica la desimbolización, pero sorteándola principalmente desde el último Lacan, es decir, del Seminario 20, y sus aliados, en con el fin de proporcionar otros operadores que puedan problematizar esta lectura. Los desarrollos y resultados alcanzan la inconsistencia del Otro frente al protagonismo del modo de gozar del parlêtre

At the foundation of what the philosopher Dany-Robert Dufour calls desymbolization is the fading of the great Subject, the disappearance of the Other. This is an eminently psychoanalytical concept, considerable in the teaching of the psychoanalyst Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, which the French philosopher makes use of. If it was possible for Dufour to indicate a process of desymbolization, it is not because the question of the Other remained intact. The fact is that, in Lacanian psychoanalysis, not either. This bibliographical research takes the singular paradox presented by Dufour, who suggests a joy in the face of the suffering involved in desymbolization, but circumventing it mainly since the last Lacan, that is, from the Seminar 20, and its allies, in order to provide other operators that may problematize this reading. The developments and results reach the inconsistency of the Other in the face of the protagonism of the parlêtre's mode of jouissance

Au fondement de ce que le philosophe Dany-Robert Dufour appelle la désymbolisation se trouve l'effacement du grand Sujet, la disparition de l'Autre. C'est un concept éminemment psychanalytique, considérable dans l'enseignement du psychanalyste Jacques-Marie Émile Lacan, dont le philosophe français se sert. Si Dufour a pu indiquer un processus de désymbolisation, ce n'est pas parce que la question de l'Autre est restée intacte. Le fait est que, dans la psychanalyse lacanienne, non plus. Cette recherche bibliographique reprend le singulier paradoxe présenté par Dufour, qui suggère une joie face à la souffrance qu'implique la désymbolisation, mais en la contournant principalement depuis le dernier Lacan, c'est-à-dire du Séminaire 20, et de ses alliés, en afin de fournir aux autres opérateurs qui pourraient

Multiparametric flow cytometry directing the evaluation of CRLF2 rearrangements and JAK2 status in pediatric B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Asbtract Introduction This study aimed to determine whether cytokine receptor-like factor 2 (CRLF2) antigen expression evaluated using multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) could predict the genotype of CRLF2 and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) status for application in the diagnosis of pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). Methods A total of 321 BCP-ALL bone marrow samples were collected, 291 at diagnosis and 13 at first relapse, while 17 samples were excluded due to low cellular viability. The CRLF2 antigen expression was evaluated using flow cytometry (percentage of positivity and median fluorescence intensity [MFI]). The CRLF2 transcript levels were assessed via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using SYBR Green. The CRLF2 rearrangements (CRLF2-r) were identified using the CRLF2 break-apart probe via fluorescence in situ hybridization. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify the JAK2 exon 16 mutations. Results We observed that 60 of the 291 cases (20.6%) presented CRLF2 antigen positivity, whereas the CRLF2 transcript overexpression was found in 19 of 113 cases (16.8%). The JAK2 mutation was found in four out of 116 cases (3.4%), all of which had CRLF2 ≥10% of positive cells and intermediate or high MFI (p < 0.0001). In addition, in the 13 cases with the CRLF2-r, a positive correlation was found with the CRLF2 antigen intermediate (61.5%) MFI (p= 0.017). Finally, the CRLF2-positive antigen was identified in the BCP-ALL subclones. Conclusion The identification of the CRLF2 antigen using the MFC, based on the percentage of positivity and MFI values, is a useful tool for predicting JAK2 mutations and CRLF2-r.

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological changes of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shijiazhuang City in 2009-2021 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Shijiazhuang City from 2009 to 2021, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The epidemic data and etiological data of HFMD in Shijiazhuang City from 2009 to 2021 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for data analysis. Results The reported incidence of HFMD in Shijiazhuang showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2009 to 2021, with a high incidence every other year in most years. The proportion of severe cases and the mortality rate showed a decreasing trend (χ2severe cases=282.09, P2mortality=51.33, P2=4 507.84，Pr=-2.85，P22 =521.86，P2proportion of severe cases=93.71，P=0.000，χ2mortality rate=26.62，P=0.000，χ2proportion of EV71=1060.86，P=0.000). Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Shijiazhuang presented a declining trend, and the dominant etiological changes of different cases were different. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the etiological monitoring, health education and EV71 vaccination for the prevention and control of HFMD.

The influence of autistic traits and ambiguous situations on the interpretation bias of senior high school students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the changing characteristics of interpretive bias of senior high school students with different levels of autistic traits in ambiguous situations, and to investigate the consistency of interpretive bias across self/other relevant conditions.Methods:A survey of 1 080 senior high school students from a high school in Anhui province was conducted by using the autistic-spectrum quotient (AQ). According to the criteria of high scores and low scores of 27%, the subjects in the high autistic trait group ( n=266) and the low autistic trait group ( n=266) were selected.The ambiguous situation paradigm was used to measure the frequency of positive interpretation of ambiguous information by two groups of subjects under the conditions of self and others, SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics, and jamovi 2.2.3 was used for generalized linear mixed model analysis. Results:(1) The results of the between-group effects at the level of autistic traits indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was significantly lower than that in the low autistic group(54.5(11.8), 57(11.8) )( χ2=13.99, P<0.001). The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that in the positive ambiguous situation, the frequency of positive interpretations in the high autistic group was smaller than that in the low autistic group (33(4), 34(3)) ( P<0.001). There was no significant differences in the number of positive interpretations between high autistic group and low autistic group in negtive ambiguous situation( P>0.05). (2) The results of the main effects of the ambiguous situation types indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations was significantly higher than that in negative ambiguous situations(33(4), 23(9.25)) ( χ2=1 348.50, P<0.001). The results of the interaction between level of autistic traits and type of ambiguous situation indicated that the frequency of positive interpretations in positive ambiguous situations (33(4), 34(3)) in both high and low autistic groups was larger than that in negative ambiguous situations (22(10), 24(9)) ( P<0.001). (3) The main effects results for the self/other related conditions suggested that the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with others (19(4)) was significantly higher than that of self-related conditions (19(5)) and strangers (19(5)) ( χ2=9.51, P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between self-related conditions and strangers( P>0.05). The results of the interaction between ambiguous situation type and self/other related conditions suggested that in the positive ambiguous situation, the frequency of positive interpretations of familiarity with other people's conditions was greater than that of self-related conditions( P<0.01), and in the negative ambiguous situations, there was no significant difference in the frequency of positive interpretations related to different self/others( P>0.05). Conclusions:(1) High school students with high and low autistic traits are more inclined to show positive interpretations in the ambiguous situations, and it higher under the condition of positive ambiguous situations and acquaintances.(2) Compared with those with low autistic traits, individuals with high autistic traits tend to give less positive interpretations to ambiguous situations, but this difference is mainly manifested in positive ambiguous situations.(3) In the negative ambiguous situation, there is no significant difference in number of positive interpretations produced by senior high school students with high and low autistic traits, and they are stable across self and other related conditions.

Kemurungan dan Lain-lain Komorbiditi Penyakit dalam Kalangan Wanita yang Terlibat dalam Aktiviti Pelacuran di Kuala Lumpur (Depression and Other Comorbidity Diseases among Women Involved Prostuition in Kuala Lumpur) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#This manuscript aims to examine depression and the relationship between depression and other comorbidity diseases among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 126 women were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire. The M.I.N.I Neuro-Psychiatric Interview Diagnostic Test Tool 6.0 Bahasa Malaysia Version was used to measure depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. Meanwhile other comorbidity diseases were measured based on the women’s infectious disease status such as Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Hepatitis, HIV and AIDS. The results of study were analysed using SPSS software version 21. Descriptive tests were used to determine the status of depression among women involved in prostitution. The Chi-square test was used to identify the relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases and depression among women involved in prostitution. The results of the descriptive analysis revealed that 92 out of the 126 women who were interviewed reported suffering from depression. In fact, the results of Chi Square test (p≤0.05) analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases especially Hepatitis C and depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. The findings of the study indicated that women s who were positive with Hepatitis C were more prone to report depressive disorders. Therefore, mental health education program and treatment specially for women involved in prostitution need to be integrated into the prevention programs of the infectious diseases.

Alteridade, diferença e o laço social contemporâneo / Alterity, difference and the contemporary social bond

O artigo discorre sobre o tema da alteridade em psicanálise definido como um tipo de diferença absoluta, lugar da causa, da exceção, do impossível de ser simbolizado que orienta todo ato de fala. Freud o situou a partir do estado original humano de desamparo; Lacan, através da linguagem. A alteridade é apresentada em três modalidades: imaginária, simbólica e real. Na imaginária, é encontrada no que não adquire imagem na relação especular; na simbólica, na própria Ordem Simbólica, incapaz de tudo nomear; na real, comparece como o que insiste sempre como obstáculo à simbolização. A modernidade produziu um sujeito prisioneiro do sentimento inconsciente de culpa em decorrência do recalque da dívida simbólica com o Outro. A contemporaneidade é fruto de importantes modificações na estrutura discursiva que fazem obstáculo à supremacia do recalque como tratamento da economia libidinal. Isso não produz necessariamente a psicose. Freud situou a neurose como o negativo da perversão.

The article discusses the theme of alterity in psychoanalysis defined as a type of absolute difference, place of the cause, of the exception, of the impossible to be symbolized that guides every speech act. Freud placed it from the original human state of helplessness; Lacan, through language. Alterity is presented in three modalities: imaginary, symbolic and real. In the imaginary, it is found in what doesn't acquire an image in the specular relation; in the symbolic, in the Symbolic Order itself, unable to name everything; in real mode, he appears as the one who always insists as an obstacle to symbolization. Modernity produced a subject prisoner of the unconscious feeling of guilt due to the repression of the symbolic debt to the Other. Contemporaneity is the result of important changes in the discursive structure that hinder the supremacy of repression as a treatment of the libidinal economy. This does not necessarily produce psychosis, not least because Freud placed neurosis as the negative of perversion.

An Exploration of Pulmonary Fitness of Construction Workers in Delhi NCR in Light of the Building and Other Construction Workers Act, 1996

Workers in the construction sector are exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter at their workplace. This increases their susceptibility to various respiratory diseases, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The study reports comparative pulmonary fitness and hematological parameters of the migrant workers in the construction sector versus other sectors in Delhi. Parameters such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), the ratio of FEV1 to FVC, and peak expiratory flow were measured in both groups using a spirometer. We observed significant differences (P < 0.05) in FEV1 and FVC between both groups. The study thus confirms that workers exposed to poor air quality at the construction site are susceptible to respiratory diseases, particularly ARDS. All of this reflects the poor enforcement of the adequate safety measures well enlisted in social legislations such as the Building and Other Construction Workers Act.

The nonexistence of the Other and the contemporany symptoms of children / A inexistência do outro e os sintomas contemporâneos da criança

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as mudanças apresentadas na sintomatologia das crianças no mundo contemporâneo, sintomatologia esta marcada pelas manifestações no corpo e pela primazia do gozo. Partindo da tese da inexistência do Outro, busca-se extrair suas consequências teóricas e clínicas para as manifestações do sofrimento na criança. Discutem-se a presença do gozo do Um separado do Outro e seu modo de manifestação nos sintomas das crianças. Evidencia-se a importância, no tratamento da criança, da constituição de um Outro que permita extrair o falasser de seu gozo solitário.

Abstract: This article aims to discuss the changes presented in children's symptomatology in the contemporary world. These symptoms are marked by manifestations in the body and the primacy of jouissance. Based on the thesis of the nonexistence of the Other, we seek to extract its theoretical and clinical consequences for the manifestations of suffering in children. The work discusses the presence of jouissance of the One separated from the Other and how it manifests in children's symptoms. It highlights the importance of the constitution of an Other that allows extracting the parlêtre from their solitary jouissance for the treatment of children.

COVID 19 INFECTION IN A PATIENT NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH HIV/TB COINFECTION – A CASE REPORT

HIV/TB coinfection, COVID 19 with HIV/TB, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), TB lymphadenopathy

Othello: A Postcolonial Play

In pursuance of Literary Theory and Criticism, texts are drastically heterogeneous. They do not contain any general meaning, but each time a text is read from a different perspective, it reproduces new meanings and contributes to the propagation of new ideas and theories. A deconstructive reading can reveal the irreconcilable possibilities generated by the text, and the reader finds it strenuous to determine any permanent meanings. In this paper, Shakespeare's Othello is read from a different perspective in adherence to postcolonial theory. The Othello bears several references to postcolonial qualities – the Eurocentric ideology of Elizabethan people, who incline to think and express their thoughts in terms of binary oppositions, the notion of postcolonial othering, the position of marginalized, a clash between the Orient and the Occident, the hybridity of culture, identity crisis, and European racial consciousness, etc. Thus, the present paper focuses mainly on Shakespeare's work Othello with a postcolonial approach in the light of Edward Said's Orientalism.

El impacto de la resiliencia en la esquizofrenia: una revisión sistemática cualitativa / The impact of resilience in Schizophrenia: a qualitative systematic review

Resumen Introducción: la resiliencia ha sido definida como la resistencia frente a experiencias psicosociales adversas. Tiene un rol importante en varios trastornos mentales, asociándose, por ejemplo, a la severidad en el trastorno depresivo mayor y a la calidad de vida en el trastorno afectivo bipolar. La esquizofrenia es un trastorno mental severo que destaca por producir dificultades en múltiples dominios de la vida y una alta morbimortalidad. El objetivo de esta revisión fue sintetizar la evidencia disponible acerca de la importancia de la resiliencia en la esquizofrenia. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS y SciELO, seleccionando artículos en inglés y español, que incluyeran personas con esquizofrenia y midieran la resiliencia. Veinticinco artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: las personas con esquizofrenia tenían una menor resiliencia que sujetos sanos (9 estudios). El nivel de resiliencia se asoció inversamente con los síntomas negativos (3 estudios), síntomas positivos (1 estudio), depresión (4 estudios), desesperanza (3 estudios) y suicidio (1 estudio). Por otro lado, la resiliencia se asoció positivamente con la calidad de vida (5 estudios), funcionalidad (4 estudios) y salud física (2 estudios). En dos estudios se evaluaron intervenciones orientadas a potenciar la resiliencia de pacientes con esquizofrenia, mostrando resultados poco concluyentes. Discusión: es llamativa la escasa literatura que aborda el tema de la resiliencia en esquizofrenia. Los hallazgos de la presente revisión sitúan a la resiliencia como un factor determinante de la evolución y expresión clínica de esta enfermedad.

Introduction: resilience has been defined as the resistance to adverse psychosocial experiences. It has an important role in various mental disorders, being associated, for example, with the severity in major depressive disorder and the quality of life in bipolar affective disorder. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that stands out for causing difficulties in multiple domains of life and high morbidity and mortality. The objective of this review was to synthesize the available evidence about the importance of resilience in schizophrenia. Methods: a search of the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases was performed, selecting articles in English and Spanish that included patients with schizophrenia and measured resilience. Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: patient with schizophrenia had less resilience than healthy subjects (9 studies). Resilience levels were inversely associated with negative symptoms (3 studies), positive symptoms (1 study), depression (4 studies), hopelessness (3 studies), and suicide (1 study). On the other hand, resilience was positively associated with quality of life (5 studies), functionality (4 studies) and physical health (2 studies). In two studies, interventions aimed at enhancing the resilience of patients with schizophrenia were evaluated, showing inconclusive results. Discussion: there is a striking limited literature that address the topic of resilience in schizophrenia. The findings of the present review place resilience as a determining factor in the evolution and clinical expression of this disease.

O território, as redes e suas (im)potências: o cuidado aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas em um CAPSad / The territory, the networks and their (im)potencies: care for users of alcohol and other drugs in a CAPSad

No presente trabalho, buscamos realizar uma análise das potencialidades e possibilidades do CAPS ad como oferta de cuidado às pessoas que fazem uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas e sua atuação junto à rede, a partir do relato de uma experiência em um CAPS ad de um município localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, na qual utilizamos a Cartografia como opção metodológica. Como principal desafio encontrado, apresentamos os desencontros da rede, tanto em seus protocolos quanto no olhar para o uso de álcool e outras drogas. Evidenciamos, também, as potencialidades e inventividades que possibilitam a criação de redes/rizomas autônomas das redes dominantes, as quais operam intensificando os efeitos do modo capitalista de produção. Compreendemos, portanto, o CAPS ad como um arranjo institucional provisório, ou como uma estratégia, que, em suas ofertas, pode tornar-se/fazer-se rede de emancipação, assim como um rizoma, suscetível a modificações constantes. A potência da Atenção Psicossocial está, assim, na dimensão inventiva presente nas relações e nos encontros e no rompimento com os processos fragmentadores do cuidado, de modo a garantir a ampliação do acesso aos serviços para as pessoas que tanto sofrem com os efeitos de uma sociedade como a nossa.(AU)

In the present work, we seek to carry out an analysis of the potential and possibilities of CAPS ad as an offer of care to people who make harmful use of alcohol and other drugs and its performance with the network, from an experience report in a CAPS ad of a city located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. This is an excerpt from a master's research, in which we used Cartography as a methodological option. As the main challenge encountered, we present the network's mismatches, both in its protocols and in the look at the use of alcohol and other drugs. We also evidenced the potentialities and inventiveness that make possible the creation of networks/rhizomes autonomous of the dominant networks, which operate intensifying the effects of the capitalist mode of production. We understand, therefore, the CAPS ad as a provisional institutional arrangement, or as a strategy, which, in its offerings, can become a network of emancipation, as well as a rhizome, susceptible to constant changes. The power of Psychosocial Care is, therefore, in the inventive dimension present in relationships and encounters and in breaking with the fragmenting processes of care, in order to guarantee the expansion of access to services for people who suffer so much from the effects of a society like ours.(AU)

En el presente trabajo buscamos realizar un análisis de las potencialidades y posibilidades de los CAPS ad como oferta de atención a personas que hacen uso nocivo de alcohol y otras drogas y su desempeño con la red, a partir del relato de una experiencia. en un anuncio de CAPS de un municipio ubicado en el interior del estado de São Paulo. Este es un extracto de una investigación de maestría, en la cual utilizamos la Cartografía como opción metodológica. Como principal desafío encontrado, presentamos los desajustes de la red, tanto en sus protocolos como en la mirada al uso de alcohol y otras drogas. También evidenciamos las potencialidades y la inventiva que posibilitan la creación de redes/rizomas autónomos de las redes dominantes, que operan intensificando los efectos del Modo de Producción Capitalista. Entendemos, por lo tanto, el anuncio de CAPS como un arreglo institucional provisional, o como una estrategia, que, en sus ofertas, puede convertirse en una red de emancipación, así como en un rizoma, susceptible de cambios constantes. El poder de la Atención Psicosocial está, entonces, en la dimensión inventiva presente en las relaciones y encuentros y en la ruptura con los procesos de fragmentación del cuidado, para garantizar la ampliación del acceso a los servicios de las personas que tanto sufren los efectos de una sociedad. como la nuestra.(AU)

Adolescents attending public schools: drug use, social determinants of health and spatial distribution / Adolescentes de escuelas públicas: consumo de drogas, determinantes sociales de la salud y distribución espacial / Adolescentes de escolas públicas: uso de drogas, determinantes sociais de saúde e distribuição espacial

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate drug use among adolescents attending public schools and its association with the social determinants of health and spatial distribution. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out between 2020 and 2021 in which the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) and sociodemographic questionnaires were applied to 226 students attending 9th year of Fundamental Education in public schools from a city of Minas Gerais. A descriptive analysis was performed by means of Fisher's Exact Test. Results: regarding alcohol consumption, only the "age" variable was significant. As for tobacco, the "age", "parents' marital status" and "who do you live with?" variables presented a significant association. The other psychoactive substances did not present significant associations. In relation to the spatial distribution, the highest intensity of problems was concentrated in leisure/recreational activities. Conclusion: alcohol and tobacco use is associated with the social determinants referring to the social network and personal factors, such as age.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el consumo de drogas entre adolescentes de escuelas públicas y su asociación con los determinantes sociales de la salud y la distribución espacial. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado entre 2020 y 2021 en el que se aplicó el cuestionario Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) y otro sociodemográfico a 226 estudiantes del 9º año de Educación Fundamental en escuelas públicas de una ciudad de Minas Gerais. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y por medio de la Prueba Exacta de Fisher. Resultados: en relación con el consumo de alcohol, solamente la variable "edad" se mostró significativa. En cuanto al tabaco, se registró una asociación significativa entre el uso de tabaco y las variables "edad", "estado civil de los padres" y "con quién vive". Las demás sustancias psicoactivas no presentaron ninguna asociación significativa. En lo que se refiere a la distribución espacial, la mayor intensidad de problemas se concentró en actividades de ocio/recreación. Conclusión: el consumo de alcohol y tabaco está asociado a los determinantes sociales referentes a la red social y a factores personales, como la edad.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o uso de drogas por adolescentes de escolas públicas e sua associação com os determinantes sociais de saúde e distribuição espacial. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado entre 2020 e 2021 em que se aplicaram os questionários Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI) e sociodemográfico em 226 estudantes do 9º ano do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas de uma cidade mineira. Realizou-se análise descritiva e por meio do Teste Exato de Fisher. Resultados: sobre o consumo de álcool, apenas a variável idade foi significativa. Quanto ao tabaco tiveram associação significativa o uso de tabaco e as variáveis idade, estado civil dos pais e com quem mora. As demais substâncias psicoativas não tiveram associação significativa. No que se refere à distribuição espacial, a maior intensidade de problemas se concentrou em atividades de lazer/recreação. Conclusão: o uso de álcool e tabaco estão associados aos determinantes sociais referentes a rede social e fatores pessoais, como idade.

Caractéristiques de l'automédication en ORL à l'Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées-Cotonou au Bénin / Characteristics of self-medication in ENT at Military Teaching Hospital Cotonou in Benin

Etudier l'ampleur et les caractéristiques de l'automédication en consultation ORL. Méthode: Etude descriptive du 1er juin 2020 au 1er février 2021 dans le service d'ORL-CCF/ Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées. Ont été inclus tous les patients reçus en consultation ORL ayant déclaré avoir utilisé des substances actives sans prescription médicale pour soulager leur plainte actuelle. 6 Résultats: L'automédication a été retrouvée chez 373 patients soit une prévalence de 47,88%. La moyenne d'âge était 32,26 ans (02 mois et 80 ans). Les sujets âgés 0 à 20 étaient plus représenté (68,4%). La sex-ratio était de 0,86. Les professions libérales étaient plus représentées (30%). La quasi-totalité des patients (98%) a pu énumérer au moins deux effets nocifs de l'automédication. Les médicaments en cause étaient les médicament en vente libre OTC (80%). Les principales raisons ayant motivé l'automédication ont été le coût élevé des prestations médicales (41,3%) et le manque de temps (33,2%). Conclusion: L'automédication a été retrouvée chez des patients volontiers jeunes, de sexe féminin, porteurs d'affections rhinologiques. Les OTC étaient en cause dans huit cas sur dix. Les principales motivations à l'automédication ont été le coût élevé des prestations médicales et le manque de temps.

Caractéristiques de l'automédication en ORL à l'Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées-Cotonou au Bénin / Characteristics of self-medication in ENT at Military Teaching Hospital Cotonou in Benin

Etudier l'ampleur et les caractéristiques de l'automédication en consultation ORL. Méthode: Etude descriptive du 1er juin 2020 au 1er février 2021 dans le service d'ORL-CCF/ Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées. Ont été inclus tous les patients reçus en consultation ORL ayant déclaré avoir utilisé des substances actives sans prescription médicale pour soulager leur plainte actuelle. 6 Résultats: L'automédication a été retrouvée chez 373 patients soit une prévalence de 47,88%. La moyenne d'âge était 32,26 ans (02 mois et 80 ans). Les sujets âgés 0 à 20 étaient plus représenté (68,4%). La sex-ratio était de 0,86. Les professions libérales étaient plus représentées (30%). La quasi-totalité des patients (98%) a pu énumérer au moins deux effets nocifs de l'automédication. Les médicaments en cause étaient les médicament en vente libre OTC (80%). Les principales raisons ayant motivé l'automédication ont été le coût élevé des prestations médicales (41,3%) et le manque de temps (33,2%). Conclusion: L'automédication a été retrouvée chez des patients volontiers jeunes, de sexe féminin, porteurs d'affections rhinologiques. Les OTC étaient en cause dans huit cas sur dix. Les principales motivations à l'automédication ont été le coût élevé des prestations médicales et le manque de temps