Documenting pediatric occupational therapy evaluation through the Dollhouse Model

@#Documentation is a professional responsibility and is a form of communication to stakeholders, demanding health professionals including occupational therapists, to provide accountable records encompassing the occupational therapy process which includes evaluation, intervention, and outcomes. However, there are no clear guidelines for occupational therapy documentation. There is a lack of uniformity of content in documentation among therapists and facilities, and the length required to create the report are pertinent problems encountered. The purpose of this article is to report on the conceptual model to guide occupational therapists in creating efficient and occupation-centered evaluation documentation. With this, the proposed Dollhouse Model aims to answer the question: “What do you prioritize when creating pediatric evaluation documentation?” Utilizing this model suggests that therapists may be able to prioritize the pertinent occupational areas to document, therefore making it more efficient and occupation-centered.

Aproximación histórica tendencial a la superación bioética del médico general integral para la práctica pediátrica

RESUMEN El desarrollo histórico supone la evolución de los procesos de superación del médico general integral e implica considerar los saberes bioéticos en beneficio de un mejor desempeño en la atención a niños y adolescentes en el contexto comunitario. El trabajo tuvo el objetivo de exponer los elementos teórico-prácticos que conforman una aproximación histórica-tendencial a la superación bioética del médico general integral para la práctica pediátrica, en el periodo de 1984 al 2020. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: análisis-síntesis, histórico-lógico y hermenéutico. Se revisaron normativas, indicaciones y resoluciones relacionadas con la docencia médica y la superación. El estudio evidenció un desarrollo progresivo de acciones y estrategias que conciben la integración de contenidos bioético-pediátricos en la superación del médico general integral. Se identificaron aspectos didáctico-metodológicos que advierten sobre las posibilidades de continuar perfeccionando la preparación del profesional a partir de propuestas didácticas que favorezcan la apropiación de saberes integrados.

ABSTRACT The historical development supports the evolution of the improvement processes of comprehensive general doctor and implies considering bioethical knowledge in benefit of a better performance in the care of children and adolescents in the comunity context. The objective of this work dealt with the practical-theoretical elements that make up a historical trend approach to the bioethical improvement of the comprehensive general doctor for the pediatric practice at the period from 1984 to 2020. Analysis-synthesis, historical-logical and hermeneutical were the theoretical methods used. Regulations, indications and resolutions related to medical teaching and improvement were reviewed. The study showed a progressive development of actions and strategies that conceive the integration of pediatric bioethics content in the improvement of the comprehensive general doctor. Didactic-methodological aspects were identified that warn about the possibilities to continue improving the professional preparation based on didactic proposals that favor the appropriation of integrated knowledge.

Culturally competent interprofessional pediatric care: A concept analysis

@#The American Academy of Pediatrics describes culturally effective care in a policy statement as the provision of care in the sense of appropriate provider awareness, understanding, and appreciation of cultural differences that contribute to optimal health outcomes. Therefore, clinicians must develop cultural competence to enhance patients' care satisfaction and outcome. Although culturally effective pediatric care has been discussed in the literature, there remains a gap in the process on how an interprofessional health care team can provide culturally congruent care in a pediatric setting. Being part of an interprofessional pediatric care team, nurses hold the responsibility of communication and coordination to ensure culturally competent care by every member of the health care team. Hence, this paper adapts Walker and Avant's (2011) concept analysis process in which the theory, culturally competent pediatric care would be derived. The concept analysis methodology from Walker and Avant (2011) would define the concept, attributes, antecedents, consequences, and cases that would describe culturally competent pediatric care. Cultural diversity and family dynamics are ever-changing. The concept analysis proposes a framework for culturally competent interprofessional care in which culturally competent care is an ongoing team approach. Ultimately, the concept concluded that to provide culturally competent care in pediatric practice, there should be a framework in which the interprofessional team follows, using the principle of cultural humility and illustrating cross-cultural communication to provide culturally appropriate care.

Enseñanza-Aprendizaje en bioética para el médico general integral durante la práctica pediátrica: perspectiva didáctica

El proceso de cambio por el que transita el mundo en el siglo XXI trae consigo el desarrollo de la bioética como paradigma necesario para la diferenciación del pensamiento y el quehacer ético, que asume relevancia especial durante la práctica pediátrica del médico general integral. La investigación profundizó en elementos teórico-prácticos del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en bioética del médico general integral durante la práctica pediátrica en aras de develar la posibilidad de su perfeccionamiento desde una perspectiva didáctica. Aboga por un enfoque integrador del contenido, que considera al proceso de ejecución de la atención médica integral como eje integrador, y concibe la utilización de recursos didácticos y métodos sustentados en un proceso desarrollador desde el nivel primario. La investigación devela una nueva mirada para la apropiación de saberes bioéticos durante la práctica pediátrica del médico general integral, en mayor correspondencia con el actuar profesionalizante que precisa el encargo social.

The process of change through which the world transits in XXI century brings with it the development of bioethics as a necessary paradigm for the differentiation of thought and ethical work that assumes special relevance during the pediatric practice of the integral general doctor. The investigation deepened theoretical and practical elements of the teaching-learning process in bioethics of the integral general doctor during pediatric practice in order to achieve the possibility of its improvement from a didactic perspective. Advocates an integrative approach to content that considers the process of executing integral medical care as an integrating axis, and conceives the use of teaching resources and methods supported by a developer process from the primary level. The research reveals a new perspective for the appropriation of bioethical knowledge during the pediatric practice of the integral general doctor, in greater correspondence with the current professional who requires the social charge.

O processo de mudança pelo qual o mundo passa no século XXI traz consigo o desenvolvimento da bioética como paradigma necessário para a diferenciação do pensamento e do trabalho ético, que assume especial relevância durante a prática pediátrica do clínico geral. A pesquisa investigou elementos teóricos e práticos do processo ensino-aprendizagem em bioética do clínico geral abrangente durante a prática pediátrica, a fim de revelar a possibilidade de seu aprimoramento a partir de uma perspectiva didática. Ele defende uma abordagem integrativa do conteúdo, que considera o processo de execução da assistência médica abrangente como um eixo integrador e concebe o uso de recursos e métodos de ensino suportados por um processo de desenvolvedor do nível primário. A pesquisa revela uma nova perspectiva para a apropriação do conhecimento bioético durante a prática pediátrica do clínico geral, em maior correspondência com a ação profissionalizante exigida pela carga social.

A prática pediátrica no SUS: reflexões sobre o papel dos pediatras na Estratégia de Saúde da Família / Pediatric care in Brazil's Unified Health System: reflections on the role of pediatricians in Family Healthcare Strategy

Este ensaio pretende contribuir para aclarar as possibilidades de atuação dos pediatras na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Apresentam-se as origens, as modalidades de atuação e as implicações inerentes aos processos de mudança do Modelo de Atenção que, desde a Norma Operacio­nal Básica (NOB) de 1996 vem sendo implantado no Sistema Único de Saúde Brasileiro - SUS.

This essay seeks to contribute to the elucidation of the potential activities of pediatricians in the Family Healthcare Strategy. The origins, types of care and inherent implications to the process of change in the Healthcare Model that are being implemented in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) since the Basic Operational Norms were instituted in 1996 are duly presented.

La ética en la práctica pediátrica / Ethics in pediatric practice

Disímiles son los problemas éticos de la práctica médica que en la especialidad de Pediatría tienen la peculiaridad de involucrar a la madre y a otros familiares, pero que trasciende al compromiso con la salud cubana y el país. Se abordan algunos dilemas éticos como el manejo del niño con anorexia, la atención al paciente con afecciones crónicas, aspectos del diagnóstico prenatal y las creencias religiosas. Como dificultades se señala la falta de información al paciente y sus familiares y el uso inadecuado de medicamentos e investigaciones. Finalmente se enfatiza en que la aplicación del método clínico debe ir acompañada de los aspectos éticos y en el buen funcionamiento de los comités de ética en los servicios de salud.

There are different ethical problems in Pediatrics that have the peculiarity of involving the mother and other relatives, and that go beyond to the commitment with the Cuban health and the country. Some ethical dilemmas as the management of the child with anorexia, the attention to the patient with chronic affections, aspects of the prenatal diagnosis and religious believes are dealt with. The deficient information given to the patients and his relatives and the inadequate use of drugs and investigations are stressed as difficulties. Finally, emphasis is given to the fact that the application of the clinical method should be accompanied by the ethical aspects and the good functioning of the ethic committees in the health services.

Developmental Assessment in Pediatric Practice

No abstract available.