Correlation of periodontal parameters to various types of smokeless tobacco in tobacco pouch keratosis patients: A cross-sectional study

Background: Tobacco practice in relation with oral diseases is a foremost cause for the global oral disease burden and is accountable for up to 50% of all periodontitis cases among adults. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the local effects of various types of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in tobacco pouch keratosis (TPK) patients in Mangalore city in the state of Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A total of 345 TPK patients were evaluated of which all were smokeless tobacco users. All the patients were clinically examined for different clinical periodontal parameters such as stains, gingival recession (GR), periodontal pocket, furcation involvement, and mobility and local effects of various types of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in TPK sites were recorded. Results: The prevalence of GR was of 87.5%. Haathichaap was the most common smokeless tobacco used (35.9%) closely followed by nonpackaged type (loose tobacco) (19.4%). This was followed by Madhu (14.2%). Likewise, periodontal parameters were observed more in these patients in decreasing order. Conclusion: The results of the present study agree strongly with other smokeless tobacco user studies in terms of the strong association between GR and smokeless tobacco placement. The present cross-sectional study indicates that TPK lesions are positively associated with periodontal diseases. It is important to raise awareness of both oral cancer and periodontal risks and inform about its possible health consequences thereby working towards an improvement of oral and general health and related quality of life in these patients

Comparación clínica entre el tratamiento ortodóncico facilitado por corticotomía y ortodoncia convencional (estudio piloto) / Clinical comparison of orthodontic treatment facilitated by corticotomy and conventional orthodontics (pilot study)

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar clínicamente la velocidad del movimiento ortodóncico y cambios en los parámetros periodontales en pacientes con ortodoncia convencional y ortodoncia facilitada con corticotomía para el tratamiento de apiñamiento dental anterior. Un total de 10 pacientes participaron en el estudio de la siguiente forma: 5 pacientes grupo ortodoncia y corticotomía (EXP) y 5 pacientes grupo ortodoncia (CONT). Se realizó examen clínico completo que incluyó análisis radiográfico, periodontal y modelos de estudio. Las mediciones sobre los cambios periodontal, tabla ósea bucal, movimiento lineal y angular fueron medidos al inicio, 30, 90 y 210 días posterior a los procedimientos. Las diferencias entre los grupos fueron establecidas con la prueba t-Student para muestras pareadas y no pareadas dependiendo del caso. Los dientes sometidos a ortodoncia y corticotomía mostraron una mayor velocidad del movimiento en comparación con el grupo control durante los primero 30 días de examinación (P<0,05). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los parámetros clínicos periodontales y grosor de la tabla ósea bucal entre los grupos. En conclusión, la corticotomía acelera el movimiento ortodóncico durante los primero 30 días postquirúrgicos con lo cual se puede reducir el tiempo de tratamiento en pacientes con apiñamiento severo. Adicionalmente, los parámetros clínicos periodontales y el volumen de la tabla ósea bucal de los dientes sometidos a corticotomía se mantienen estables después del procedimiento.

The aim of this study was to compare clinically speed orthodontic movement and changes in periodontal parameters in patients with conventional orthodontics and orthodontics with corticotomy for the treatment of anterior dental crowding. A total of 10 patients participated in the study: 5 patients in the orthodontics and corticotomy group (EXP) and 5 in the orthodontics patient group (CONT). Complete clinical examination included radiographic, periodontal and study models analysis was carried out. Measurements on periodontal changes, buccal bone plate, linear and angular movement were measured at baseline at 30, 90 and 210 days after the procedures. Differences between groups were established with the t-Student for paired and unpaired samples depending on the case. Teeth undergoing orthodontic corticotomy showed greater speed of movement compared to the control group during the first 30 days examination (P <0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in periodontal clinical parameters and thickness of the buccal bone plate between the groups. In conclusion, accelerated corticotomy orthodontic movement during the first 30 days postoperative, can reduce the treatment period in patients with severe crowding. Additionally, clinical periodontal parameters and volume of the buccal bone plate teeth undergoing corticotomy remained stable after the procedure.

The association between serum leptin level and periodontal parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mel-litus and periodontitis / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To explore the association of serum leptin(LEP)level in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis with clinical periodontal indexes.Methods:30 healthy subjects(group A),30 chronic periodontitis patients(group B)and 30 type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis(DMCP)(group C)were included.Probing depth(PD),attachment loss(AL),plaque index (PLI)and bleeding on probe(BOP)were examined.High performance liquid chromatography detection was used to determine the ex-pression of the fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)in plasma samples.Serum level of LEP was measured by ELISA.Results:Levels of serum HbA1c,FPG and LEP in group C were significantly higher than those in group B and A(P 0.05);The r values of plasma LEP level to PD,AL,PLI and BOP were 0.506,0.551, 0.519 and 0.582 respectively(P <0.05).Conclusion:The LEP level is elevated in patients with DMCP.Circulating LEP level is positively related to PD,AL,PLI and BOP.

Evaluation of clinical periodontal conditions in smokers and non-smokers

Given that tobacco smoking habit is a risk factor for periodontal diseases, the aim of this study was to compare clinical periodontal aspects between smokers and non-smokers. The clinical status were assessed in 55 patients, 29 smokers and 26 non-smokers, aged 30 to 50 years, with mean age of 40. The clinical parameters used were: probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) for arches (upper and lower ) and teeth (anterior and posterior). Tooth loss was also evaluated in both groups. Multiple regression analysis showed: tendency of greater probing depth and clinical attachment level means for smokers; greater amount of plaque in smokers in all regions; greater gingival index means for non-smokers with clinical significance (p<0.05) in all regions. Although, without statistical significance, the analysis showed greater gingival bleeding index means almost always for non-smokers; similar gingival recession means in both groups and tendency of upper tooth loss in smokers and lower tooth loss in non-smokers. The findings of this study showed that clinical periodontal parameters may be different in smokers when compared to non-smokers and that masking of some periodontal signs can be a result of nicotine's vasoconstrictor effect.