Polymorphism Evaluation of TLR2 Gene Associated with Endometritis Infection in Buffalo Reared in Egypt

Aims: The objective of this study is to monitor the evolution of organochlorine residues levels in kola nuts collected from various actors in the eastern producing region of Côte d'Ivoire. Study Design: Kola nuts samples were collected from farmers, collectors and urban stores in the Eastern of Côte d’Ivoire. Place and Duration of Study: Health Department of Hydrology Health and Toxicology, Training and Research Unit of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, running 2016-2019. Methodology: A total of 225 samples were analyzed using Gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (Agilent 7010B Triple Quadrupole GC/MS System). Results: Data showed that all 21 pesticides analyzed were detected in kola nuts samples. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in OCPs sub-group used by actors during the three-crop studied. The mean levels of HCHs, DDTs and cyclodienes were ranged from 5±1– 136.67±77.3 µg/kg FW, 5±1 – 116.67±63.2 µg/kg FW and 5±1 - 145±63.2 µg/kg FW, respectively. Otherwise, farmer’s levels of OCPs were lower than those detected in kola nuts from collectors and urban stores samples. Thus, compared to the MRL set by the World Health Organization/Food and Agricultural Organization, the farmer’s samples are lower than limits fixed, unlike the contents registered with collectors and urban stores. In the latter, nearly 80% to 100% of kola nuts collected are contaminated with hexachlorinated residues (HCHs) and heptachlor. Conclusion: There is the need to keep monitoring ecotoxicological chemical substances in kola nuts produced in Côte d’Ivoire and take steps that ensure health safety of end users. Care should be taken since residues could pose chronic health risk for adults and children.

Risk assessment of dietary exposure for organophosphates pesticides residues in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province / 预防医学

Objective To assess the dietary risk of organophosphates pesticides residues in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province. Methods The monitoring data of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables from 2012 to 2016 were derived from Shaanxi Province Food Contamination Monitoring Network. The exposure of organophosphorus to vegetables by using exposure risk index (ERI) , dietary exposure risk index (RI) and dietary exposure risk assessment. Results Exposed risk index (ERI) of organophosphorus in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province ranged from 1.25E-06 to 1.87E-01, and among them, the highest ERI of clozaptid in garlic was 1.87E-01, followed by onion. In some vegetables, the highest exposure to organophosphorus was isocarbophos of fresh beans with an exposure of 4.27E-02 μg / (kg body weight · day) and the lowest dietary exposure was bulbs, and stems and fresh beans were 2.00E-04μg / (kg body weight·day) . The exposure of organophosphorus to all kinds of vegetables was less than their respective daily allowable intake (ADI) . The risk of dietary exposure to organic- phosphorus in vegetables was 187％ and greater than 100％ for the risk index (RI) of lettuce, and RI for all other vegetables was <100％. Conclusion The dietary exposure and risk index of organophosphates pesticides in some vegetables in Shaanxi Province was safe, and more attention should be paid to dimethoate and isazofos.

Study on the Residual Characteristics of Pesticide and Heavy Metals in Panax notoginseng / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To know the residual characteristics of organochlorine pesticides and 5 kinds of heavy metals (Cu, As,Cd,Hg and Pb) in Panax notoginseng. METHODS:P. notoginseng samples with 3 years were collected from Baiyi Town, Songming County and Liushao Township,Xundian County of Yunnan Province in Apr. 2013. 60 strains of P. notoginseng and 1 kg rhizosphere soil samples were also collected. The organochlorine pesticide residues and 5 kinds of heavy metals on its various parts and soil samples were detected. Pesticide residues determination method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition,volumeⅠ)was conducted to determine the organochlorine pesticides and 5 kinds of heavy metals (Cu,As,Cd,Hg and Pb). RESULTS:There was pentachloronitrobenzene in different parts of P. notoginseng from Baiyi Town,Songming County,and the contents were root bark>fibrous≥notches>ribs>leaves;there were pentachloronitrobenzene only in the root bark and fibrous of P. notoginseng from Liushao Township,Xundian County,and the contents were root bark>fibrous. No Hg was detected in any part of P. notoginseng samples,and the other heavy metals were highest in root bark;As and Pb were relatively high in soil,the contents of As and Pb in samples were far lower than in soil. CONCLUSIONS:The contents of pesticide residues and heavy metals in different parts of P. notoginseng are different,and those in root bark are relatively high. P. notoginseng sample contains organochlorine pesticides, which is mainly pentachloronitrobenzene;P. notoginseng sample has relatively strong accumulation of Cd.