Outcomes of refractive implantable lens implantation after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty

Purpose: To assess the refractive outcomes and effect on endothelial cell density of refractive implantable lens (RIL) implantation following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 10 eyes of 10 patients who had undergone DALK and subsequently underwent toric RIL implantation. The patients were followed up over a period of 1 year. The parameters compared were uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity, spherical and cylindrical acceptance, mean refractive spherical equivalent, and endothelial cell counts. Results: There was a significant improvement (P < 0.05) from preoperatively to 1 month postoperatively in the mean log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA; 1.1 ± 0.1 to 0.3 ± 0.1), spherical refraction (5.4 ± 3.8 to 0.3 ± 0.1 D), cylindrical refraction (5.4 ± 3.2 to 0.8 ± 0.7 D), and MRSE (7.4 ± 3.5 to 0.5 ± 0.4 D). Three patients achieved spectacle independence for distance vision with a residual MRSE less than 1 D in the other cases. A stable refraction was maintained up to 1 year follow?up in all cases. There was a 2.3% mean decline in endothelial cell counts at 1 year of follow?up. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were seen in any case up to 1 year of follow?up. Conclusion: RIL implantation is an effective and safe procedure for the correction of high ametropia post?DALK

A clinical trial on phakic intraocular lens for the treatment of refractive amblyopia in children and adolescents

Purpose: To analyze the demographics and clinical outcomes of posterior chamber phakic intraocular (IOL) implantation for refractive amblyopia in children and adolescents. Methods: A prospective interventional study was performed on children and adolescents with amblyopia at a tertiary eye care center from January 2021 to August 2022. Twenty?three eyes of 21 anisomyopic and isomyopic amblyopia patients operated for posterior chamber phakic IOL (Eyecryl phakic IOL) as a treatment for amblyopia were included in the study. Patient demographics, pre? and postoperative visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, anterior and posterior segment examination, intraocular pressure, pachymetry, contrast sensitivity, endothelial count, and patient satisfaction scores were evaluated. Patients were followed up at day 1, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery, and visual outcomes and complications were documented. Results: The mean age of patients was 14.16 ± 3.49 years (range: 10–19 years). The mean intraocular lens power was ? 12.20 diopter spherical (DS) in 23 eyes and ? 2.25 diopter cylindrical (DC) in four patients. The mean unaided distant visual acuity (UDVA) and best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were 1.39 ± 0.25 and 0.40 ± 0.21 preoperatively on the log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) chart. Postoperatively, the visual acuity improved by 2.6 lines in 3 months period and maintained till 1 year. Postsurgery, contrast sensitivity in the amblyopic eyes significantly improved, and the average endothelial loss recorded was 5.78% at 1 year, which was statistically insignificant. Patient satisfaction score was statistically significant, with 4.736/5 recorded on the Likert scale. Conclusion: Posterior chamber phakic IOL is a safe, effective, and alternative method for treating amblyopia patients who are noncompliant with glasses, contact lenses, and keratorefractive procedures.

Refractive and visual outcomes of surgical treatments for high myopia

Objective@#To present the refractive and visual outcomes of refractive surgical treatment options in high myopia. @*Methods@#This was a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with high myopia (manifest refractive spherical equivalent [MRSE] ≥-6.00D) who underwent one of the following procedures: laser-in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), phakic IOL implantation with the Staar Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL), or Alcon Cachet Phakic IOL. Eyes with best corrected distance vision of less than 20/30 due to amblyopia or other eye pathologies were excluded.

Biomicroscopia ultrasónica en nuestra experiencia con lentes fáquicos Artiflex para la corrección de alta miopía / The use of ultrasound biomicroscopy in our experience with Artiflex phakic lenses to correct high myopia

OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación de la posición de los LIOs Artiflex implantados con las estructuras del segmento anterior en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer en el período de enero del 2006 a enero del 2008. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo. El universo estuvo constituido por el total de ojos (20) a los cuales se les implantó estos lentes. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo en el 100 por ciento de los casos distancias LIO-córnea y LIO-cristalino =1,5mm y =0,3mm respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La posición de los lentes ofreció márgenes seguros con respecto a las estructuras del segmento anterior

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of the position of the implanted Artiflex intraocular lenses and the anterior segment structures at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology in January 2006 _ January 2008 period. METHODS: A prospective and descriptive study was carried out in which the universe of study was 20 eyes implanted with this type of lenses. RESULTS: In all the cases, the intraocular lenses- cornea and the intraocular lenses _ crystalline distances were =1,5mm y =0,3mm respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The position of the lenses provided safe margins with respect to the anterior segment structures

Efectividad de la combinación del LASEK y el implante del lente fáquico Artisan en la corrección de la alta miopía / Effective combination of LASEK and Artisan phakic lens implantation in high myopia correction

OBJETIVO: Determinar la efectividad del tratamiento combinado de lentes fáquicos Artisan y la técnica LASEK en la corrección de la alta miopía. MÉTODOS: El estudio se realizó en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer en el período 2007-2009. El universo estuvo constituido por los 24 ojos a los cuales se les implantó el lente Artisan. El defecto refractivo residual se corrigió con la técnica de LASEK seis meses después de implantados los lentes. Se analizaron como variables la esfera y el cilindro refractivo, la mejor agudeza visual sin corrección y corregida, las complicaciones transoperatorias y posoperatorias, la paquimetría y la densidad celular. RESULTADOS: La esfera refractiva se corrigió a 0,25 ± 0,25, el cilindro refractivo a -0,25 ± 0,25 y la mejor agudeza visual sin corrección y corregida mejoró a 0,9. El grosor corneal central se redujo en relación al defecto refractivo corregido con valores por encima de 480. La pérdida celular endotelial fue baja después de la colocación de los lentes fáquicos y del LASEK. CONCLUSIONES: El uso combinado del lente fáquico Artisan y el LASEK resultó efectivo, seguro y preciso como alternativa en la corrección de la alta miopía

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of the combined treatment of Artisan phakic intraocular lenses and the surgical technique LASEK in high myopia correction. METHODS: The study was conducted at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from 2007 to 2009. The universe of study was 24 eyes implanted with the Artisan phakic lens and the residual refractive defect was corrected with the LASEK technique 6 months after the implantation. The sphere and the refractive cylinder, the best uncorrected visual acuity and the best corrected visual acuity, the transoperative and postoperative complications, the pachymetry and the cell density were all analyzed as variables. RESULTS: The refractive sphere was corrected to 0,25 ± 0.,5, the refractive cylinder to -0,25 ± 0,25 and the best uncorrected and corrected visual acuity improved by 0,9. The central corneal thickness decreased with respect to the corrected refractive defect, yielding figures over 480 Ám. There was low endothelial cell loss after placing the phakic lens and the LASEK application. CONCLUSIONS: The combined use of the Artisan phakic IOLs and the LASEK technique proved to be effective, safe and accurate as an option for high myopia correction

Surgical Correction of Hyperopia

Surgical modalities to correct hyperopia include photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), Ho:YAG laser thermal keratoplasty (LTK), conductive keratoplasty (CK), phakic IOL, and refractive lens exchange. Excimer laser-based techniques, which include LASIK, LASEK, and PRK, are currently the most popular forms of surgery to correct not only myopia and astigmatism but also hyperopia. These techniques have been reported to be safe and effective for both primary surgeries and enhancements. However, various complications related to the flap and loss of best corrected visual acuity associated with a smaller optic zone, decentration, and irregular ablation caused by longer treatment time in high hyperopia over +5 diopter can have adverse effects on visual outcomes. The development of non-excimer laser-based techniques offers viable alternatives for laser vision correction techniques. More recent non-excimer-based thermal refractive techniques include LTK and CK. Earlier forms of thermal techniques showed a lack of predictability and stability, resulting in no further development of them. Recently, CK, a laserless, radiofrequency-based technique, has been approved by the FDA for the correction of low to moderate hyperopia even though the refractive instability has not been solved yet. In high hyperopia, lens approach like phakic IOL or refractive lens exchange instead of corneal surgery is preferred. ICL (Implantable contact lens) and Artisan is the most popular lens model that has well proven clinical results concerning its safety and effectiveness. Accommodative IOL or multifocal IOL could be the solution for pseudophakic presbyopia in refractive lens exchange in the future.