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The benefits of breastfeeding on infant and child morbidity and mortality are well known since ages. Human milk protectsbreastfed infants against diarrhoeal disease by virtue to its various immunological properties. As diarrhoeal diseases are amajor cause of deaths among children aged 0-12 months, it is important to quantify the preventive effect of breastfeeding ondiarrhoea-specific morbidity and mortality. To assess the breast-feeding practices and its effect on incidence of diarrhoea ininfants in rural Rajasthan. A Prospective study was carried out in Achrol village, field practice area of National Institute ofMedical Science (NIMS) Hospital and Research Centre, Jaipur, over a period of one year. 246 infants were enrolled byconvenience sampling through house to house visits and followed-up on monthly basis to record information on feedingpractices and episodes of diarrhoea by interviewing their mothers. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequencies andpercentages and association between breastfeeding practices and incidence of diarrhoea was found using Chi-square test.48.8% of the infants studied were started on breast feeding between 1-6 hours while only 13% started breastfeeding withinan hour of birth. Majority (66.3%) of infants were denied colostrum feed and 92.68% infants were given pre lacteal feeds asis customary in the area. Among infants who were put on breastfeeding within 1 hour of their birth, 12.2% suffered fromdiarrhoeal where as infants who were started on breast feeding within 1-6 hours, 46.6% reported diarrhoeal episodes duringthe follow up period. This difference in diarrhoeal episodes based on initiation of breastfeeding was found to be statisticallysignificant (p< 0.05). There is enough evidence in favour of breast feeding (exclusive breast feeding for 6 months andcontinued breastfeeding up-to 2 years) as an effective tool against diarrhoeal morbidity in the studied infants.
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Background: Breast milk is optimum for a neonate as it is a natural food and the best gift a mother can give to her baby. Breast feeding is an art and skill which need to be learnt and mastered by mothers. As health care workers are the first line of contact for lactating mothers, this study was planned to assess their knowledge on breast feeding.Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was performed among health care workers at Yenepoya Medical College and Hospital of Mangalore. 100 health care workers consisting of 60 medical interns and 40 staff nurses were enrolled in the study. Health care workers were given a questionnaire that sought responses pertaining to the knowledge on breastfeeding and its techniques. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Access and Excel software.Results: The present study showed 92% of medical interns and 95% of nursing staff had correct knowledge about initiation of breastfeeding. Knowledge on contents of colostrums and its advantage was more among medical interns (85%) as compared to nursing staffs (30%). Knowledge on prelacteal feeds was good among medical interns as compared to nurses. Both medical interns and nursing have poor knowledge on breastfeeding during maternal illness. Knowledge on correct feeding position and good breast attachment was good among nursing staffs.Conclusions: Study showed there is some substantial knowledge gap on breastfeeding among health care workers. Enhancing their knowledge on breastfeeding and the problems associated with it will be useful for the nurturing mothers as well as themselves.
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Background: Breastfeeding has been a universal practice. A number of factors influence the breastfeeding practices of the mothers. This study was conducted to assess the breast-feeding practices and its association with mother’s education and antenatal counselling.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 167 mothers with infants who were residing in field practice area of a medical college. A pretested semi-structured validated questionnaire was administered to assess the breast-feeding practices followed. Towards the end of each interview the investigator observed the mothers as they breast fed their children to assess the appropriateness of positioning and attachment. Chi-square test and Fischer’s exact probability test were used to test the associations.Results: 19.8% of the mothers were illiterate. 64.1% had received antenatal counselling on breast feeding. 62.3% initiated breast feeding within one hour. Colostrum was discarded by 6% of the mothers and 28.7% gave pre-lacteal feeds. 72.3%, 86.1% and 77.3% of them practiced appropriate position of feeding, held their children in the appropriate position and had good attachment to the breast, respectively. Mother’s education had a statistically significant association with pre-lacteal feeds administration, exclusive breastfeeding and breast-feeding position. Antenatal breast-feeding counselling had a statistically significant association with appropriate positioning of the child, attachment and practicing burping.Conclusions: Breast feeding practices in the current study was far from satisfactory. Mother’s education and antenatal breast-feeding counselling had a major role in the feeding practices.
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@#Breastfeeding is almost universal, but there are many barriers for proper breast feeding practices. Inadequate knowledge, or inappropriate practice, of breastfeeding may lead to undesirable consequences. The aim of this study was to assess breastfeeding knowledge, and practice among mothers in Arma’a district Shabwah governorate and identify factors that may affect breastfeeding practice in the study population. A cross-sectional study using pre-tested validated structured questionnaire conducted among mothers who were attending Arma’a hospital and four health care units around Arma'a district. Sample size was 130 mothers who had at least one child aged two years or younger. Breastfeeding knowledge and practice of participants were assessed based on their experience with the last child.This study found that there are only 24 mothers (18.6%) have good knowledge while 106 mothers (81.4%) have low knowledge. 63 mothers (48.5%) had good breastfeeding practice while 67 mothers (51.5%) have poor breastfeeding practice. 54.0% mothers that have good knowledge have good practice while 52.8% mothers of poor knowledge have poor practice. Mothers’s knowledge was significantly associated with their education level and their practice was significantly associated with the number of pregnancies (p-value=0.04 and =0.027 respectively). There was no significant association with other demographic data, and between knowledge and practice. No exclusive breastfeeding reported in this study.This study shows that undesirable cultural practices such as giving pre-lacteal, avoiding exclusive breastfeeding are still prevalent among the mothers. The maternal knowledge towards breastfeeding was very low and there was big gap between actual and desired practices.
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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is an essential part of early infant feeding. Promotion of EBF is the most effective way to reduce the infant mortality rate. This study was carried out to identify factors affecting EBF among mothers attending Narayana medical college hospital Nellore. Aim and objectives of the study was to know the incidence of lactation failure and to evaluate the factors responsible for lactation failure.Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted from July 2018 to September 2018 involving a total of 100 mothers with the help of a proforma containing predesigned questionnaire. Demographic data of mother, obstetric details, mode of delivery, birth weight, details of antenatal advice about breastfeeding and practices, pre-lacteal feeds, current feeding practice, problems encountered during breastfeeding, anatomical problems were noted. The data collected were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results: At the end of the study, among 100 mothers, 24 mothers are reported to have lactation failure and feeding babies with formula feeds. Among the variables taken into consideration pre-lacteal feeds, problems encountered during breastfeeding, breast diseases showed a statistically significant association with lactation failure. Mean weight gain in breastfeeding mothers and mothers with lactation failure is 11.3 kgs and 10.04 kgs respectively. Mean hemoglobin in breastfeeding mothers and mothers with lactation failure is 10.43 g/dl and 9.91 g/dl respectively.Conclusions: The results provide information about the relation between breastfeeding failure and its association with factors that contribute to it.
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Background: Prelacteal feeding leads to delay in initiation of breastfeeding and prevention of the initial bonding between the mother and the baby, even lactation failure and shortening of the duration of breastfeeding. Prelacteal feeds have lesser nutrient value, and unfortunately, due to different customs and misbelieves, the habit of prelacteal feeding is common in our society. Infant and Young Child Feeding Guideline discourages prelacteal feeding practices and encourages optimal breastfeeding practices. Objectives: This study was carried out with the objective to find out the prevalence of prelacteal feeding and association of demographic, antenatal, and intranatal factors with prelacteal feeding practice in Jamnagar district of Gujarat. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in 2015–2016 in four talukas of Jamnagar district with a sample size of 423 mother-infant pairs calculated with an appropriate formula using prevalence of prelacteal feeding. Out of this, 400 samples with adequate response were analyzed. Multistage sampling was done and mothers who gave valid consent were taken as respondent. Chi-square and Spearman correlation tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: We have found 20% prevalence of prelacteal feeding in Jamnagar district of Gujarat. Lower prevalence of prelacteal feeding practice was observed among general caste (14.4%), among socio-economic Class-I (11.5%), among mothers with education up to graduate level (8.6%), among employed mothers (10.3%), and among high birth order newborns. Increasing number of antenatal care (ANC) is correlated with decreasing prevalence of prelacteal feeding (Corelation coefficient = 0.943, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Increasing education level, betterment in socio-economic condition, increasing ANC services, increasing number of health facilities available for delivery care, trained delivery assistant, etc., have a significant role in decreasing prelacteal feeding custom.
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Background: The WHO recommends that mothers worldwide to initiate breastfeeding within an hour of delivery to achieve optimal growth, development and health but the breastfeeding rates remain far below the recommended standards. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of delay in initiation of breast feeding, to identify various factors which determine the initiation of breastfeeding and to correlate their association with delayed onset of breast feeding.Methods: Hundred and thirty six postnatal women, who delivered in Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, were recruited in the study. They were interviewed after their informed consent using a pretested structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic and obstetric factors were compared between subjects who initiated breast feeding in less than and more than 1 hours. Frequencies were calculated for different variables. Data was statistically analyzed and p value of <0.05 was taken significant.Results: The prevalence of delay in initiation of breast feeding in our study was found to be 74.2% (n=101).The mean time of initiation of breast feeding was 18.43 hours. Significant association (p <0.05) was found in various sociodemographic, obstetrical and social factors.Conclusions: Identifying mothers at risk of delayed breastfeeding initiation should be the target for breastfeeding promotion during prenatal, antenatal as well as postnatal period. Public health officials and health care providers should consider interventions to promote and support early initiation of breast feeding.
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Introduction: Infant and young child feeding practices directlyaffect the nutritional status of children under two years of ageand ultimately, impact child survival. The present study wasundertaken to assess the prevalence of infant and young childfeeding practices and associated factors among the mothershaving children less than 24 months.Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out inthe urban slums of Dibrugarh town, Assam, among childrenbetween 0 - 23 months. Sample size was calculated as 180.Infant and child feeding practices were collected byinterviewing mother by house to house visit on predesignedand pretested Performa.Results: Out of 180 children of 0-23 month, prevalenceinitiation of BF within 1 hour of birth was 84.4% (152).Prevalence of giving prelacteal feed and colostrums were 10%(18) and 86% (155) respectively. Exclusive breast feeding wasgiven to 70% (99) of the children, complementary feeding wasstarted in 80% (114) of the children at 6 months. Initiation ofbreast feeding within 1 hour of birth and giving colostrums weresignificantly associated with place and type of delivery andutilization of number of antenatal checkup. Giving prelactealfeed was associated with place of delivery and utilization ofantenatal check up by their mother. Exclusive breast feedingwas associated with sex of the child, mother’s educationalstatus and place of delivery. Boys were more likely to bestarted with complementary feeding at 6 months as comparedwith girls.
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Background: Breastfeeding is an ideal and effective ways to provide and nourish children everywhere with the best start to life. Breastfeeding is also a newborn’s first vaccine, providing vital antibodies, and an immunity boost. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to describe the sociodemographic profile and to determine the breastfeeding practices in the lactating mothers. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in community health center, Bellur, for 4 months. An Institutional Ethical Committee clearance was obtained. Around 100 lactating mothers were the study subjects. The inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study were met. The data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured pro forma. Results: The study findings revealed that initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h was practiced among 64% of mothers, on-demand breastfeeding among 54%, and complementary feeding at 6 months was started by 76% subjects. The most commonly used pre-lacteal feed is honey. Conclusion: It was observed that the infant and young child feeding practices were not satisfactory in the study subjects, so focused and sustained information, education and communication campaign is necessary to promote breastfeeding.
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Background: Breastfeeding is the best preventive intervention and has potential impact on child mortality. Breast-milk is safest, least allergic and has nutritional, immunological, behavioural and economic benefits. It also provides desirable mother baby bonding. Early human milk promotes gut maturation and immune activation in infants. Despite of the demonstrated benefit of breastfeeding, the duration and prevalence are still low in first six months of life. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practices among study population; to assess awareness regarding colostrum; to assess the socio demographic profile among mothers of 0-2 years children.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of tertiary health care center, Hyderabad. 100 mothers having children between 0-2 years age group were included by using simple random technique. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: Mean age group (yrs) of the mothers was 25.6±3.81, literate mothers are 81%, illiterates are 19% and employed mothers were 68%. Awareness regarding exclusive breastfeeding was more among literates than illiterates (p<0.05). Literacy status had no association regarding knowledge on colostrum among study subject. Pre lacteal feeds were practiced among 32% of mothers before initiation of breast feeding. The practice of prelacteal feeds were more in primi than multi para mothers (p<0.05). Practice of burping after the breastfeeding were followed by 71%. Mothers practicing correct positioning during breastfeeding were 63%.Conclusions: Among study subject 75% of them were given colostrum. Exclusive breastfeeding upto 0-6 months was practiced by 64% of mothers.
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Background: Under nutrition being a major problem in Nepal, it is necessary to meet the minimum dietary standard which is essential for growth and development of young children, so promotion of infant and young child feeding practices among children is important intervention.Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted among mothers of children of Bardia and Kailali districts of under 2 years and data was collected using the pre-tested questionnaire.Results: The study shows 30.3 percent of the mothers initiated breastfeeding within an hour of birth, 47.9 percent gave colostrums, 25.5 percent were practicing exclusive breastfeeding at 6 or more months,60 percent mothers fed anything else as prelacteal feed before breast feeding, 60 percent of mothers started complementary feeding between 3-6 months, 47.9 percent of mothers used anything from a bottle with a nipple yesterday or last night, 74.8 percent of mothers were currently breast feeding their children, 58 percent used iodized salt and 70.05 percent revealed that their child received Vit A within last six months.Conclusions: The present study showed that late initiation of breast feeding and practice of prelacteal feeds among home delivered mothers being high. The frequency of complementary feeding ranged was less and early/late weaning are still widely prevalent, use of bottle feeding is high, use of iodized salt is still low. There is a need to educate the mothers regarding proper infant/child feeding practices.
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Background: India contributes to 25% of the over 6.9 million under-five deaths occurring worldwide every year with nearly half of them in neonatal period .This study is related indirectly with the causes of U5MR (e.g. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity-LBW) through focusing on service utilization related to perinatal events & incorrect practices of essential Newborn care (e.g. initiation of breast feeding and exclusive breastfeeding). Objectives: (1) Assess utilization of child health services related to perinatal events (2) Assess incorrect practices related to perinatal events (3) Assess effect of demographic variables on service utilization and association of these variables with practices. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 400 children (12 to 59 months) was done using multistage sampling technique in Jamnagar district. 120 children were selected from urban and 280 from rural areas as urban: rural ratio is 3:7 in India. Results: 93.55% children having umbilical infection. Birth weights were taken in majority of children (95.75%), 15.83% of those weighed were having low birth weight (LBW). Application on umbilical cord after birth was seen in 10.25% & prelacteal feed in about 1/3rd children. Breastfeeding immediately or within 4 hours after birth was seen in 3/4th, exclusive breastfeeding in 2/3rd children. Conclusions: Children having umbilical infection were treated indicating better utilization of curative services. Taking of birth weights in majority of children indicating good functioning of healthcare professionals but some of those weighed were having low birth weight (LBW) indicating underutilization of preventive-antenatal services indirectly affecting child health. Incorrect practices like application on umbilical cord after birth and prelacteal feed were seen in children. Recommended practices like breastfeeding immediately or within 4 hours after birth, exclusive breastfeeding were seen in children. Colostrum giving was more prevalent and low birth weight was less prevalent in rural areas compared to urban areas which indicated better health care utilization in rural areas.
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Background: Children are god gifted to society and we are responsible for every need of children. We can give them proper nourishments, care and good health. Breast milk is optimal food for the new born. Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, prevention of childhood infections. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted at block Phagi, Jaipur, (Raj.), India on 300 mothers having children between 6 months to 24 months of age. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on breastfeeding practices. Results: Out of 300 nursing mothers, majority of the participants 129 (43.00%) were the age group of 18-23 years followed by 118 (39.33%) from 24-29 years of age group. Majority of study participants 110 (36.66%) were illiterate. 156 (52.00%) participants were belonged to V SES. Large number of 188 (62.66%) of infants had pre-lacteal feeds. 202 (67.33%) of children had not Exclusive Breast Fed. Conclusions: This study relived that need to creating an awareness of the demerit of pre-lacteal feeds and advantages of colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding in rural area.
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Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure child health and survival. But globally only less than 40% of infants under six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Adequate breastfeeding counselling and psychological support are essential for mothers and families to initiate and maintain optimal breastfeeding practices Objective: The study was done to know the prevalence of exclusively breast feeding, early initiation of breast feeding and practices of pre-lacteal feed in rural Uttar Pradesh and their relation with maternal age. Material and Methods: This observational analytic cross sectional study was conducted on 355 mothers of infants aged one and half to 12 months who came in OPD or Indoor of Department of Pediatrics UPRIMS and R, Saifai for immunization or some problem. A semi-structured, pre-tested Performa was used to interview the mothers. Results: Only 48.5 % of subjects were practising Exclusive breast feeding , inadequate milk secretion was major cause of non exclusive breast feeding Early initiation of breast feeding was done in 41.5% of mothers. Pre-lacteal feed was given in 46.8 % of responders. Relation of early initiation of feeding and use of pre-lacteal feed with age of mother was found significant. Conclusions: Despite of so many efforts by Government and NGOs, most of the mothers in Rural Uttar Pradesh are still unaware regarding healthy feeding practices. We need to improve our counselling and motivation regarding exclusive breast feeding.
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Background: Objectives of current study were to know the prevailing infant feeding practices in infants and to identify the problems affecting infant and young child feeding practices and to analyze the environmental factors influence the mothers, families and caregivers in infant feeding. Methods: The present study is a hospital based observation study. A total of 501 mothers and their infants attending new born paediatric OPD, immunization clinic of department of paediatrics for various reasons of health care were recruited for the study after their informed consent and institutional ethical clearance. Information about the first feed after birth, time of initiation of breastfeeding, duration of exclusive breast feeding, time of introduction of complementary feeding, knowledge of feeding skills, mother’s concept of adequacy of breast milk were collected in the structured, pre tested proforma by personal one to one interview with the mothers. All the mothers of infants from 0 to 1 year were included. Statistical analysis: The data obtained by the interview were analyzed with regarding to mothers education level, religion and other related parameters pertaining to feeding practices. Percentages of parameters were calculated and analyzed. Results: Majority of the mothers belong to the age group of 18 to 30 years (96.01%), prelacteal feeds were given by a good number of mothers (42.32%), 60.66% mothers were given the sugar water as the prelacteal feed and 71.56% mothers have used cup and spoon to give prelacteal feeds. 75.25% of the mothers have practiced giving colostrum, 72.26% of mothers were breastfeeding their baby for 5 to 10 minutes during each feed at an interval of 0.5 hours to 3.5 hours. Majority of mothers (34.73%) had the knowledge of starting of weaning at six months and 46.88% of mothers were giving weaning food twice daily. Conclusion: Significant number of mothers had discarded colostrum and most of the mothers intended to give only breast milk upto four months and they did not have correct knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding upto six months.
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Background: The objective was to know the impact of mother education on feeding practices of infants. Methods: Observational analytic cross sectional study. We used Semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire to interview 355 mothers of infants, aged one and half to 12 months, who came in OPD of Department of Paediatrics UPRIMS and R, Saifai for immunization or some problem. Results: Total 267 (75.2 %) out of 355 women had initiated breast feeding within 24 hours of birth. 172 (48.5%) mothers exclusively breast fed their infants. Total 166 (46.8%) practiced Prelacteal feed. Out of 166 subjects, 121 (34.1%) practiced for 7 days and 41 (12.7%) beyond the 7 days. There were highly significant relationship found between education level of mothers with type of breast feeding, in the form of exclusive or non- exclusive breast feeding and Prelacteal feeding practices ( p <. 05). Relation between education level of mother with time of initiation of breast feeding since birth was not found statistically significant (p >0.05), but an important pattern of initiation of breast feeding was seen at the different level of mothers education. Conclusion: Ritual and customary factors have much impact then mother’s education on breast feeding practices of infants. Apart from education, breast feeding awareness programme should be increased including both literate and illiterate mothers.
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Background: Neonatal mortality in developing countries is one of the most important problems that need immediate attention in order to achieve Millennium Development Goals. Aims & Objective: To assess the knowledge and practices of pregnant women regarding good and harmful neonatal practices. Material and Methods: Study Design: A community based study. Setting: Field practice areas of Urban Health Training Center Department of Community Medicine, JNMCH, AMU Aligarh. Participants: 200 pregnant women. Sampling: Purposive sampling. Study Period: one year. Statistical Analysis: Data analysed with Epi Info version 3.5.1. Percentages, and Chi Square Test used. Results: Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour was done only in 16% of babies. Colostrum was given by 41% mothers. 20% babies were exclusively breastfed. Witch craft in neonatal illness was noticed in 70% babies. Majority of babies (97%) were applied kajal in the eyes. Prelacteal feeds were given in 80% and pacifiers in 72.5% babies. All the home deliveries except one were conducted by untrained dais. Untrained Dai did not wash their hands with soap and water in 64.5% of home deliveries. Dark and ill-ventilated room for conducting the delivery was used in 82% deliveries. The cord was cut with a used blade, or any unsterile scissors, knife, or sickle, broken cup in 68.8% of deliveries. Application of ghee/ cow dung on the cord was done in 93.5% deliveries. 100% newborns were given bath soon after birth. Delivery room was not warm in 54.6% of deliveries. Conclusion: It was concluded that harmful newborn care practices were common. This can be attributed largely to dais because most of deliveries were conducted at home. Some good practices were prevalent in the community like new blade, delivery in a warm room, practice of rooming-in.
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Background: Neonatal survival is influenced much by care provided by the family before, during and after delivery, which in turn is influenced by mother’s beliefs, and perceptions of her immediate family. Objective: To assess the behaviour of pregnant women regarding good and harmful neonatal care practices. 2. Implementation and assessing impact of Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) Package among pregnant women regarding good and harmful neonatal care practices. Methods: A community based intervention study was conducted in the field practice area of the Urban Health Training Centre, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. 200 pregnant women were enrolled purposively. Data were analyzed with Epi Info version 3.5.1. Percentages, and Chi Square Test used. Results: Due to implementation of BCC Package in intervention, good practices like giving colostrum were increased two times. Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour was increased 4.7 times, exclusive breastfeeding was gone up 3.8 times and induction of burping was increased 6 times. There was significant difference (P–value <0.05) between the two groups on 7th and 28th days of delivery. Harmful practices like not washing hand were decreased 3.83 times, use of dark and ill-ventilated room was decreased 2.54 times, and practice of cutting the cord with a used blade, or any unsterile scissors, knife, or sickle, broken cup was decreased 3 folds. Application of ghee/ cow dung on the cord was decrease significantly. Practices of prelacteals and use of pacifier, application of kajal, and witch craft for neonatal illnesses were reduced significantly. Conclusion: There was significant improvement in pregnant women regarding traditional neonatal practices. Some practices had not changed due to some strong cultural beliefs and influence of mother in-law and elderly females of the family.
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India is home to large number of under-five deaths and underweight children in the world which is mainly because of improper breastfeeding practices. Hence the study was conducted to assess the breastfeeding practices in tribal settings so that proper interventions can be planned by the health system staff to reduce infant morbidity and mortality. Cross-sectional study of three months duration from June 2011 to August 2011was conducted in tribal area of Khardi in Thane district amongst women who had delivered within one year of the study. This study was conducted in Khardi Primary Health Centre (PHC) which comprises of eight sub-centres. Five sub-centres among these eight sub-centres were selected randomly using lottery method. All tribal women, with infants between six months to twelve months of age, registered with these five sub-centres during their antenatal period were included as subjects. 153 such women were identified using universal sampling with the help of Auxillary Nurse Midwives (ANM) and Anganwadi Workers (AWW). 21 women were excluded due to non availability. House to house visits were paid to these subjects & they were then interviewed face to face using a questionnaire after taking their informed consent. Dependent variable was breastfeeding practices including exclusive breastfeeding and independent variables were all the socio-demographic factors influencing breastfeeding. Analysis was done with SPSS version 16. More than half (67.4%) infants were exclusively breast fed (EBF) up to six months of age. Pre-lacteal feeds were given to 23.5% infants while colostrum was not given to 15.2% infants. Practice of EBF was found to be significantly associated with advice regarding EBF during antenatal period, education status, parity of mother and sex of child. 67.4% of the infants were exclusively breastfed till six months of age. Religion, education of the mother, number of children of study subjects, sex of the baby and knowledge about EBF was found to be significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding.
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Aleitamento Materno , Colostro , ÍndiaRESUMO
Background: It is a common misbelief that milk comes only on the second or third day of life. Prelacteal feeds are often given to a newborn for fear that he may be hungry or may become dehydrated. Objectives: 1. To study the prelacteal feeding practices in rural community. 2. To study some factors related to prelacteal feeding. Materials & Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in three adopted villages of Department of P.S.M., S.R.T.R. Medical College, Ambajogai, Maharashtra. 306 mothers with youngest child in age group of 4-24 months were included in the study. The information was collected by interviewing the mothers with the help of pretested, pre-designed proforma. Results: Out of these 306, 123 (40.2%) mothers offered various prelacteal feeds to their children. More number of illiterate mothers offered prelacteal feeds as compared to literate mothers. Significant number of mothers from joint families gave prelacteals as compared to mothers from nuclear families. 81 (62.79%) of 129 home delivered mothers practiced prelacteal feeding as compared to 42 (23.73%) of 177 hospital delivered mothers where chi square was significant. Prelacteal feeding was more prevalent in mothers of lower socioeconomic status than the upper one. Maximum i.e. 19 (15.45%) mothers gave cow’s milk as prelacteal feed followed by cow’s milk and honey (13.01%) and goat’s milk (10.57%). Conclusion: About 40% mothers followed prelacteal feeding which is a harmful practice. There is a need of health education, motivation, postnatal help to such mothers.