RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Identificar o conhecimento de estudantes sobre os métodos contraceptivos, antes e após a realização de oficinas sobre a temática. MÉTODOS: Pesquisa-ação, realizada com 38 estudantes do ensino médio. Foram realizadas oficinas com discussão da temática (audiogravadas) e aplicação de pré e pós-teste em outubro de 2022. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática para as narrativas e cálculo da frequência relativa para as questões fechadas do questionário. RESULTADOS: As narrativas se diferenciam entre as escolas. Os estudantes acreditam que o dispositivo intrauterino é abortivo; conhecem pouco sobre dupla proteção; e associam a pílula anticoncepcional aos benefícios à estética. Após as oficinas houve ampliação dos acertos e incorporação de novos conhecimentos mensurados pelo pós-teste nas duas escolas. CONCLUSÃO: É importante realizar oficinas no ambiente escolar a fim de reduzir danos à saúde e o Programa Saúde na Escola pode ser um facilitador para o acesso às temáticas da sexualidade e saúde reprodutiva.
OBJECTIVE: To identify students' knowledge about contraceptive methods, before and after workshops on the topic. METHODS: Action research, carried out with 38 high school students. Workshops were held with discussion of the topic (audiorecorded) and application of pre- and post-tests in October 2022. Thematic content analysis was used for the narratives and calculation of the relative frequency for the closed questions of the questionnaire. RESULTS: The narratives differ between schools. Students believe that the intrauterine device is abortifacient; they know little about double protection; and they associate the contraceptive pill with aesthetic benefits. After the workshops, there was an increase in correct answers and the incorporation of new knowledge measured by the post-test in both schools. CONCLUSION: It is important to hold workshops in the school environment in order to reduce harm to health and the School Health Program can be a facilitator for access to sexuality and reproductive health topics.
OBJETIVO: Identificar los conocimientos de los estudiantes sobre métodos anticonceptivos, antes y después de los talleres sobre el tema. MÉTODOS: Investigación acción, realizada con 38 estudiantes de secundaria. Se realizaron talleres con discusión del tema (audiograbados) y aplicación de pre y post pruebas en octubre de 2022. Para las narrativas se utilizó análisis de contenido temático y cálculo de la frecuencia relativa para las preguntas cerradas del cuestionario. RESULTADOS: Las narrativas difieren entre escuelas. Los estudiantes creen que el dispositivo intrauterino es abortivo; saben poco sobre la doble protección; y asocian la píldora anticonceptiva con beneficios estéticos. Luego de los talleres, hubo un aumento en las respuestas correctas y la incorporación de nuevos conocimientos medidos por el post-test en ambas escuelas. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante realizar talleres en el ámbito escolar para reducir los daños a la salud y el Programa de Salud Escolar puede ser un facilitador para el acceso a temas de sexualidad y salud reproductiva.
Assuntos
Anticoncepção , Estudantes , Ensino Fundamental e MédioRESUMO
ObjectiveTo analyze the varicella cases from the illness-induced absenteeism system and the National Notifiable Disease and Reporting System （NNDRS） in primary and secondary school students in Minhang District， determine the characteristics of varicella-induced absenteeism in schools， and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of varicella in schools. MethodsSurveillance data of varicella-induced absenteeism and varicella cases in the NNDRS in 2021 were collected. Characteristics of varicella-induced absenteeism and consistency of data between the illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS were determined， using descriptive analysis and matching varicella cases in the two systems. ResultsThe incidence of varicella in Minhang District was 48.28/105 in 2021. The overall rate of illness-induced absenteeism was 612.08/105 in primary and secondary schools， and the rate of varicella-induced absenteeism was 6.03/105. The distribution of varicella-induced absenteeism was consistent with the incidence of varicella cases. Furthermore， the rate of varicella-induced absenteeism was significantly higher in boys than in girls. The rate increased synchronously during the peak of varicella incidence. The rate differed significantly across the students in diverse schools （χ2=135.217，P<0.001）， which was the highest in middle school students. However， there was no significant difference in the number of absent days between peak incidence and non-peak incidence periods of varicella （t=0.173， P=0.863）. Moreover， actual matching proportion of varicella cases between illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS was 88.90%. The varicella cases that had been notified and those had not been notified in the NNDRS did not differ significantly in the number of absent days （t=0.346， P=0.730）. ConclusionThe incidence of varicella and varicella-induced absenteeism in schools is relatively low in Minhang District. Data between the illness-induced absenteeism system and the NNDRS is consistent. Routine prevention and control of varicella in schools is maintained a good level throughout the year.
RESUMO
AlM:To investigate the myopia risk factors of different nationalities students in primary and secondary schools in Karamay City. METHODS:This survey was a cross-sectional design, the sample was selected in the first, third and sixth grade primary school and middle school students by stratified random cluster method. The survey team comprised of ophthalmologists, technicians, optometrists and administrative staff. The staff was trained about the design, method and quality control, etc. According to the research needs, questionnaires were designed. ln person interview, pilot study, questionnaire, intraocular pressure, corneal curvature, refraction, axial length, corneal thickness, slit lamp microscopy and fundus examination were performed. A database was established using the Epi-data software by double entry method. All statistical analysis was completed by SPSS 17. 0 software. RESULTS:The survey covers 1 922 students in total, which account for 91. 4% students of the whole four grades. The total prevalence of myopia was 39. 2%. Multivariate analyses revealed that ethnic origin, age, gender, parents of short-sightedness, daily after-school reading and writing time and bad reading and writing habits were closely related to myopia ( OR=0. 149, 95%CI:0. 103-0. 216, P=0. 000; OR=1. 372, 95%CI: 1. 296-1. 453, P=0. 000; OR=1. 517, 95%CI: 1. 200-1. 918, P=0. 000;OR=0. 695, 95%CI: 0. 602-0. 804, P=0. 000; OR=1. 310, 95%CI:1. 086-1. 581, P=0. 005;OR=0. 655, 95%CI:0. 486-0. 882, P=0. 005). CONCLUSlON: Ethnic origin, age, gender, parents of short - sightedness, daily after - school reading and writing time and reading and writing habits were independent risk factors for myopia.