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To provide a basis for the establishment of the commodity grade of Astragali Radix (AR), we compared the chemical components and the anti-fatigue effect of different grades of AR. The components of primary metabolites were analyzed by 1H NMR and the contents of five flavonoids were determined by HPLC-UV with different grades of AR. Fatigue efficacy of different grades of AR was compared. All the procedures were approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of the Shanxi University. The results showed that the content of water soluble extracts (WSE) of the Grade Ⅱ AR was the lowest, and 21 compounds were identified through 1H NMR spectrum. There are 3 components showing a higher content in the Grade-top AR, and 7 components were higher in the Grade-Ⅳ, and 7 other components were higher in the Grade-Ⅱ AR. Total flavonoid content was the highest in Grade-Ⅱ but it was the lowest in the Grade-Ⅳ. Pharmacodynamic results showed that AR could significantly enhance the exhaustion time of rats and improve the biochemical indexes of serum and gastrocnemius muscle, and the best anti-fatigue effect was observed with Grade -Ⅱ AR. Therefore, chemical composition and efficacy index were used to evaluate the quality of different grades of AR, and the quality evaluation approach was established based on chemical and pharmacological effects to provide a scientific basis for the development of AR. The study may provide useful information for construction of the quality grade standard of AR.
RESUMO
Objective:To explore the correlation between the environmental factors and primary metabolite of Taxus mairei (Le-mee et Levl.) S.Y. Hu ex Liu. and to provide experimental basis for the further discussion on the biological characteristics,develop-ment and utilization of Taxus mairei (Lemee et Levl.) S.Y. Hu ex Liu.. Methods:Correlation analysis and path analysis were used to explore the correlation of temperature, sunshine duration and precipitation with the relative primary metabolite content by SPSS 19.0. Results:The environmental factor with the biggest direct contribution to the absolute value of relative primary metabolite content was average monthly temperature. The average monthly temperature by month cumulative sunshine time showed the largest influence on the relative primary metabolite content. Conclusion:The relationship between temperature and sunshine time is much close, and the most obvious factor on the primary metabolite accumulation is temperature changes. This research provides theoretical basis and certain guiding significance for the further development,utilization and studies on harvesting,processing, using and explaining the biological characteristics of Taxus mairei (Lemee et Levl.) S.Y. Hu ex Liu..
RESUMO
The study established the 1H NMR-based fingerprinting and analyzed 8 batches of Huangqi injection solution. 1H NMR-based fingerprinting of both primary and secondary metabolites of Huangqi injection were established, and the 1H-1H chemical shift correlation spectroscopy (COSY) and 1H-13C chemical shift correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) were used to identify the chemical components in Huangqi injection solution. Coupled with similarity analysis and relative content determination, 8 batches of Huangqi injection solution were analyzed. Twenty-five metabolites (both primary and secondary) were identified, and the significant differences were found in the chemical composition among these Huangqi samples. The content and content variation of the primary metabolites were much higher than those of the secondary metabolites, which was the major cause of the uniformity of the Huangqi injections. The results on the quality variations of Huangqi injections in this study will serve as a basis for improving the quality control.