Genetic authentication of Eclipta prostrate (Asteraceae) from Penthorum chinense (Penthoraceae) by Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) markers

Introduction: For the rapid and accurate genetic identification and authentication of living organisms, improved random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragment based development of sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers is an important genetic technique. Objective: This study aimed to develop SCAR markers for perennial herb Eclipta prostrate (E. prostrate). Methods: Here the RAPD fragments by improved RAPD amplification with primers A11 and N-7 for E. prostrate were cloned into pGEX-T vector, and PCR amplification identified the positive clones. After the enzymatic digestion, they were sequenced with Sanger sequencing. Results: Two SCAR markers were developed, which were very specific to E. prostrate, not found in Penthorum chinense Pursh(P. chinense). The nucleotide sequence search by BLAST GenBank database showed that they are novel in E. prostrate, therefore they were deposited in Genbank with accession number KX671034, KX671035. The markers did not show any identity to other species. Conclusions: Thus, in this study two specific SCAR markers were developed for genetically distinguishing and identifying the plant species E. prostrate from herb P. chinense and others.

Introducción: Verificación genética del arbusto Eclipta prostrate (Asteraceae) (Para la identificación y verificación genética rápida y precisa de organismos vivos, el uso de fragmentos de ADN polimórfico amplificado aleatoriamente (RAPD) mejorado de marcadores de región amplificada caracterizada por secuencia (SCAR) es una técnica genética importante. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar marcadores SCAR para la hierba perenne Eclipta postrate (E. postrate). Métodos: En este estudio os fragmentos RAPD mediante amplificación RAPD mejorada con los cebadores A11 y N-7 para E. postrate se clonaron en el vector pGEX-T, y la amplificación por PCR identificó los clones positivos. Después de la digestión enzimática, se realizó una secuenciación Sanger. Resultados: Se desarrollaron dos marcadores SCAR, muy específicos para E. postrate, que no se encuentran en Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). La búsqueda de las secuencias de nucleótidos con BLAST en GenBank mostró que son nuevos en E. postrate, por lo que fueron depositados en Genbank con los números de acceso: KX671034 y KX671035. Los marcadores no mostraron ninguna identidad a otras especies. Conclusiones: En este estudio se desarrollaron dos marcadores SCAR específicos para distinguir e identificar genéticamente la especie de planta E. postrate de la hierba P. chinense y otras.

Molecular Mechanism of Inducing GLC-82 Cells Apoptosis by Ethanol Extract from Wedelia prostrate (Hook.et Arn.) Hemsl / 中国生物工程杂志

Objective:To study the antitumor mechanism of W40,a monomer purified from Wedelia prostrate (Hook.et Arn.) Hemsl.Methods:The effects of W40 on the cell proliferative of GLC-82 cells were detected by MTT assay and colony formation assay.The migratory abilities of GLC-82 cells were observed by wound healing assay.Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining analysis.The levels of apoptosis-relative proteins and cell proliferation-related proteins,such as Caspase-3,PARP,Stat3 and ERK,were detected by Western blotting.Results:MTF assay showed that W40 had a significant cytotoxic effect on non-small cell lung cancer GLC-82 cells.Colony formation assays showed that W40 significantly inhibited GLC-82 cells proliferation.The migration of GLC-82 cells was inhibited by W40 in a dose-dependent manner.Flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rate increased gradually in a concentration-dependent manner.W40 down-regulated Stat3 as decreasing p-Stat3 and downstream proteins of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1.At the same time,W40 up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax,and increased the cleavaged Caspase-9,Caspase-3 and PARP.W40 also down-regulated BRAF / MAPK / ERK signal pathway as decreasing p-BRAF,p-MEK and p-ERK.Conclusions:W40 induced apoptosis by inhibiting BRAF / MAPK / ERK and Stat3 signaling pathways.

Research Progress in the Extraction Technology and Pharmacological Function of Active Ingredients of Eclipta Prostrate / 中国药师

Since Eclipta Prostrate used as medicine and food has notable pharmacological activity and high security, more and more attention from scholars has been paid to it in recent years. The article introduced the research progress in the extraction technology and pharmacological function of active ingredients of Eclipta Prostrate in order to provide reference for the further study and utilization of Eclipta Prostrate.

Study of High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia for a Period of Five Years

A relatively new development in the arena of prostatic histopathological study is the premalignant proliferative high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in the glandular epithelium, possibly relating to carcinoma. Aim of the study is HGPIN and its association with Prostatic hyperplasia and Prostatic carcinoma. The present study was undertaken in the Upgraded Department of Pathology, King George Hospital, Andhra Medical College for a period of five years from January 2002 to December 2006. A total of 340 cases evaluated, 277 (81.47%) were benign, 11 (3.23%) were premalignant and 52 (15.29%) malignant lesions. Premalignant lesions were preceded by a decade as compare to malignant lesions, with a mean age of 8 years difference. Among premalignant lesions only high grade prostatic intraepithelial lesion is seen in association with prostatic carcinoma (40%).

As arranhaduras da masculinidade: uma discussão sobre o toque retal como medida de prevenção do câncer prostático / The touched masculinity: a discussion about the digital rectal exam for prostate cancer prevention

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar os sentidos atribuídos ao toque retal, buscando refletir acerca de questões subjacentes a falas masculinas a partir de aspectos do modelo hegemônico de masculinidade. O método do estudo baseia-se numa abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com 28 homens, realizadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em 2004. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se a idéia de que o exame do toque retal pode suscitar interdições e violações, podendo ser percebido como algo que compromete o que se entende comumente por ser homem; ou seja, o toque retal não toca apenas a próstata, mas também toca na masculinidade, podendo arranhá-la. Conclui-se que, para a compreensão e problematização das questões sobre a prevenção do câncer prostático, em específico, e as relacionadas ao cuidar de si masculino, em geral, se faz necessário levar em consideração os aspectos estruturais e simbólicos que perpassam tais questões.

The present study aims at analyzing the meanings attributed to the digital rectal exam, seeking to problematize questions underlying the masculine discourse on the basis of aspects of the hegemonic masculinity model. Semi-structured interviews were held with 28 men in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in 2004. Among the main results is the idea that the digital rectal exam is something that violates an interdicted space, something that compromises the current understanding of masculinity, shall say, the digital rectal exam does not only affect the prostate, it also affects the masculinity, puts it to shame. We conclude that for understanding and problematizing the questions related to the prostate cancer prevention in special, and to the question of taking care of oneself from the masculine perspective in general, we need to consider the structural and symbolic aspects that underlie these questions.

Tetracycline inhibits Staphylococcus aureus growth in bacterial prostatic tissues of rats / 基础医学与临床

Objective To probe the methods of experimental research for the drug activities of the rat prostates. Methods With androgen and Staphylococcus aureus injected into the prostates, the bacterial prostatitis (BP) models and benign prostatic hyperplasia with bacterial prostatitis (BHP-BP) models were developed. The animals were fed with tetracycline and then the drug activities in the serum and the prostatic tissues, the quantities of the bacteria and the histopathlogical changes in the prostateic tissues were separately detected in different time. ResultsAfter ten days, the histopathlogical changes of the benign hyperplasia and mesenchyma were found in the prostatic tissue from BHP animals and acute suppurative inflammation were dicegnosed in prostatic tissue from the BP group after infected for two days. The drug activities of 22.44 mg/g in BP group and 20.26 mg/g in BPH-BP group were found until 3.5～4 hours and the values were higher than MBC of the tetracycline and the antibacterial activity of the sera at the same time. After 8 to 11 days of treating, the bacteria would not be isolated from the prostates of the animals with BP or BHP-BP. Stopping treatment a week 11 days after treating acute or chronic inflammation histopathlogical change did not be found in the prostates of animals with BP. 30 CFU of bacteria could be found in per gram tissue of prostate and both of the acute and chronic suppurative inflammation could be found in the BP group without treatment at the 28 days afterinfected.Conclusion The tetracycline activities in the prostates of rats with BP or BPH-BPis same as or even higher than that of serum and the MBC of the drug. The quantity of sensitive bacteria in prostates will be diminished and disappeared during treatment.