Evaluation of unilateral corneal collagen cross-linking on fellow untreated eyes of patients with keratoconus / A avaliação da reticulação unilateral do colágeno corneano em olhos não tratados de pacientes com ceratocone

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of unilateral corneal collagen cross-linking treatment on visual acuity and the topographic findings of the fellow untreated eye of patients who had bilateral progressive keratoconus. Methods: Patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent cross-linking treatment were screened retrospectively. A total of 188 untreated eyes of 188 patients whose eyes were treated unilaterally with either standard or accelerated cross-linking and refused cross-linking procedure for the fellow eye were included. Visual acuity and topographic findings of the fellow untreated eyes were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th, 30th, and 36th months. Results: The change over time of variables examined was similar in the untreated eyes of patients who received standard and accelerated cross-linking methods (p>0.05). At the 12th month, 136 (95.8%) untreated eyes were stable according to progression criteria. Only 4 (8%) eyes were progressive at the 24th month. No progression was observed in any of the 16 patients with a 36-month follow up. Conclusions: The results showed that the fellow untreated eyes of patients with bilateral progressive keratoconus did not have significant progression rates after unilateral cross-linking treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar os efeitos do tratamento de reticulação unilateral do colágeno corneano na acuidade visual e os achados topográficos em olhos não tratados de pacientes com ceratocone progressivo bilateral. Métodos: Foram rastreados retrospectivamente pacientes com ceratocone progressivo submetidos a tratamento de reticulação. Foram incluídos no estudo 188 olhos não tratados de 188 pacientes tratado unilateralmente com reticulação padrão ou acelerada e que recusaram o procedimento de reticulação no outro olho. A acuidade visual e os achados topográficos dos olhos não tratados foram obtidos no pré- e pós-operatório no 1º, 3º, 6º, 12º, 24º, 30º e 36º mês. Resultados: As alterações ao longo do tempo foram semelhantes para as variáveis examinadas nos olhos não tratados de pacientes tratados com métodos de reticulação padrão e acelerado (p>0,05). No 12º mês, 136 olhos não tratados (95,8%) estavam estáveis, de acordo com os critérios de progressão. Apenas quatro olhos (8%) mostraram progressão no 24º mês. Nenhuma progressão foi observada nos 16 pacientes que tiveram um acompanhamento de 36 meses. Conclusões: O estudo mostrou que os olhos não tratados de pacientes com ceratocone progressivo bilateral não apresentaram taxas de progressão significativas após o tratamento unilateral com reticulação.

Calidad de la prueba parcial de un curso propio sobre diátesis hemorrágicas en la carrera Estomatología

Introducción: Dentro de los grandes desafíos que la formación universitaria en el sector salud enfrenta hoy, está el implementar y validar instrumentos de evaluación efectivos. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la prueba parcial del curso propio Bases morfofuncionales de las principales diátesis hemorrágicas en Estomatología, de la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022. Método: Estudio observacional analítico y transversal, en 30 exámenes correspondientes a la prueba parcial del curso propio Bases morfofuncionales de las principales diátesis hemorrágicas en Estomatología, plan de estudio E, carrera de Estomatología, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022. Se analizó la correspondencia del fondo de tiempo y la cantidad de ítems explorados en el examen, se calcularon índices de dificultad y de discriminación de incisos y preguntas, coeficiente de discriminación biserial puntual y de consistencia interna. Resultados: Existió correspondencia adecuada entre el fondo de tiempo asignado a los contenidos de las temáticas y la cantidad de ítems explorados en el examen. Predominaron los reactivos con índice de dificultad media y buen poder de discriminación. La consistencia interna de las preguntas de modo individual fue excelente, pero la del examen en general fue baja. Conclusiones: La calidad del examen parcial del curso propio Bases morfofuncionales de las principales diátesis hemorrágicas en Estomatología, aplicado en la Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022, fue poco adecuada.

Introduction: One of the challenges facing universities of health sciences today is the implementation and validation of effective tools for evaluation. Objective: To evaluate the quality of the partial exams of an in-house course in Morphofunctional bases of the most common hemorrhagic diathesis in Stomatology, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, course 2022. Method: An analytical and transversal observational study was carried out. For the study, it was selected 30 of the partial exams implemented in the in-house Morphofunctional bases of the most common hemorrhagic diathesis in Stomatology course, type (E) course syllabus, Stomatology career, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, course 2022. Correspondence between scheduled time and the number of items used in the test was assessed, and also, difficulty index and discrimination index for items and questions, point-biserial item discrimination coefficient and internal consistency coefficient were calculated. Results: There was an adequate correspondence between the time scheduled for the topics and the number of items used in the exam. Items with a moderate difficulty index and high degree of discrimination index predominated. The internal consistency of the individual questions was excellent, but the exam in general was low. Conclusions: The quality of the partial exam of the in-house course Morphofunctional bases of the main hemorrhagic diathesis treated in Stomatology, giving in the Faculty of Stomatology, University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba, course 2022, was inadequate.

Introdução: Entre os grandes desafios que a educação universitária na área da saúde enfrenta hoje, está a implementação e validação de instrumentos de avaliação eficazes. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade do teste parcial do curso Bases morfofuncionais da diátese hemorrágica principal em Estomatologia, da Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022. Método: Estudo observacional analítico e transversal, em 30 exames correspondentes à prova parcial do próprio curso Bases morfofuncionais da diátese hemorrágica principal em Estomatologia, plano de estudos E, carreira de Estomatologia de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022. A correspondência do analisou-se o fundo de tempo e o número de itens explorados no exame, calcularam-se índices de dificuldade e discriminação de subseções e questões, coeficiente de discriminação bisserial pontual e consistência interna. Resultados: Houve correspondência adequada entre o tempo destinado aos conteúdos dos temas e o número de itens explorados no exame. Predominaram os itens com índice de dificuldade médio e bom poder de discriminação. A consistência interna das questões individuais foi excelente, mas a do exame como um todo foi baixa. Conclusões: A qualidade do exame parcial das Bases Morfofuncionais da diátese hemorrágica principal do curso de Estomatologia, aplicado na Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, curso 2022, não foi adequada.

Application of proanthocyanidin in the treatment and repair of deep caries / 口腔疾病防治

@#Proanthocyanidin (PA), as a kind of natural plant polyphenol, have a variety of biological functions, such as promoting remineralization, inducing collagen cross-linking, inhibiting protease activity and inhibiting bacteria. Therefore, PA could be broadly used in the clinical application of treatment and repair of deep caries in the future; for example, PA could promote dentin remineralization, improve resin-dentin bonding durability and improve the dentin acid erosion effect. This application potential of PA arises from several features, firstly, PA can not only promote dentin remineralization on its own or with other remineralizers but also exhibits antibacterial effects, which can inhibit acid production while reducing the formation of cariogenic pathogens and their biofilms. Based on the above features, PA can reduce the incidence of caries disease; thus, PA improves deep caries and long-term effects after treatment. In addition, PA added to adhesives or etch agents can improve the etching and bonding effect of dentin by inducing collagen cross-linking and inhibiting protease activity, thus achieving the ultimate goal of improving the bonding performance of deep caries. This paper summarizes recent progress of research on PA for the treatment and repair of deep caries, including the promotion of dentin remineralization and antibacterial activity as well as the improvement in dentin bonding and acid etching effect, to provide a more comprehensive reference for treating and restoring deep caries in clinical practice.

Discussion on Key Control Points and Common Problems of Molecular Diagnostic Reagents in the Process of Design and Development / 中国医疗器械杂志

Design and development process of molecular diagnostic reagents is critical to quality management system of in vitro diagnostic reagent. Based on the technical characteristics of molecular diagnostic reagents, the study analyzed the concerned key control points and common problems in the process of design and development from the view of registration quality management system. It aimed at offering technical guidance on design and development process of molecular reagents and registration quality management system to enterprises, thus improving the product development efficiency, optimizing the quality management system, and increasing the efficiency and quality of registration and declaration.

Practice of Refined Management of in Vitro Diagnostic Reagents Based on SPD in Hospital / 中国医疗器械杂志

The management of in vitro diagnostic reagents has always been a concern. This paper describes the application of SPD medical consumables fine management system in our hospital. Relying on the brand-new management mode, the whole process from supplier qualification certificate management, in vitro diagnostic reagent procurement management, secondary warehouse management, and then to the use process traceability was realized. The monthly cost of in vitro diagnostic reagents can be accurately counted, which effectively controls the cost of in vitro diagnostic reagents.

Analysis on the Quality Status of in Vitro Diagnostic Reagents for National Medical Device Supervision and Inspection in 2020 / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This paper puts forward suggestions on the development of in vitro diagnostic reagents and supervision measures for the post-marketing products, so as to further improve the quality of in vitro diagnostic reagents and ensure the safety use of medical device.@*METHODS@#This paper summarizes the quality of in vitro diagnostic reagents and analyzes the causes of the problems, according to the results of the national medical device supervision and inspection in 2020.@*RESULTS@#The overall quality of in vitro diagnostic reagents for national medical device supervision and inspection in 2020 is stable and the unqualified detection rate is 1.6%. However, there are some problems. For example, the management of raw materials is unscientific, the faultiness in the preparation of reference materials, the understanding of standards is unthorough, and the management of instructions is unimportance.@*CONCLUSIONS@#It is suggested that manufacturers of in vitro diagnostic reagents should improve the binding force of the quality management system, strengthen the awareness of risk management, attach importance to communicate with regulatory authorities, study standards sufficiently and strengthen the management of instructions. It is also suggested that the regulatory authorities should strengthen supervision and inspection, and further complete the evaluation guidance and standard publicity and implementation.

Performance evaluation of some domestically produced biochemical reagents / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To evaluation the performance of a total of 40 clinical biochemical reagents from three domestic manufacturers and two foreign manufacturers, and evaluate their clinical application value.Methods:The Beckman AU5400 automatic biochemical analyzer was used to verify the performance of 40 kinds of commonly used clinical biochemical reagents from three domestic manufacturers of Sichuan Maccura, Ningbo Medical System, and Shanghai Fosun Long March, and two foreign imported manufacturers of Roche and Japan′s Hitachi. The analysis samples were selected from the serum of patients who underwent clinical testing in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital hospital from December 2021 to June 2022. Refer to China′s national health industry standards, China′s national pharmaceutical industry standards, the US Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for the performance evaluation standards of in vitro diagnostic reagents, and the methods recommended in the relevant regulations of China′s State Food and Drug Administration on the management of in vitro diagnostic reagents. The precision, linear range, open bottle stability, interchangeability of calibrators and accuracy from different batches of 40 reagents were evaluated and validated. Simple linear regression analysis was used for linear regression, and P<0.05 indicated that the regression was statistically significant. Results:The overall precisions of 40 reagents were fine, except for one domestic reagent with low-level intra-batch coefficient of variation ( CV) exceeding the range declared in the specification. The intra-and inter-batch CVs of the remaining reagents were all smaller than those declared in their respective specifications. The linear ranges of domestic reagents and imported ones have achieved the linear ranges declared by each manufacturer. There were no statistical differences on the measurements between the reagents from open bottle of 30 days and the corresponding new ones for 40 reagents( P>0.05). The test values of domestic reagents and imported reagents after exchange of different batches of calibrators were within the ranges declared by each manufacturer. Both domestic reagents and imported reagents have passed the accuracy verification. Conclusions:The performance index of 27 biochemical detection indicators of the three domestic manufacturers are basically consistent with those of imported reagents, meeting the requirements of clinical biochemical laboratories. However, the bottle opening stability and anti-interference performance of some detection reagents needs to be improved.

Corneal crosslinking efficacy in patients with keratoconus under 18 years of age / Eficácia do crosslinking corneano em portadores de ceratocone com idade inferior a 18 anos

ABSTRACT Purpose: Keratoconus presents certain specificities in pediatric patients compared with adults. The greatest challenge is because the disease is typically more severe and progresses faster in children. This retrospective study aimed to report crosslinking procedure in patients under 18 years of age and their follow-up for at least 24 months after the procedure. Methods: Overall, 12 eyes from 10 patients were studied and data, such as visual acuity with and without correction, maximum keratometry, corneal thickness, foveal thickness, and endothelial microscopy, were assessed at both preoperative and postoperative visits. Corneal crosslinking was performed in all patients. Results: A tendency toward reduced Kmax and improved Corrected Distance Visual Acuity at all postoperative moments. Only one of the 12 eyes exhibited increased Kmax of more than 1 D during a time frame longer than 12 months. Regarding pachymetry, a tendency for corneal thinning was observed in the first four months after surgery. Conclusion: Encouraging results were obtained regarding the stabilization of the disease, progression, and procedural safety, corroborating to other authors' findings. The significance of early diagnosis and short-term follow-up were highlighted.

RESUMO Objetivo: O ceratocone na população pediátrica apresenta algumas particularidades em relação à população adulta. O maior desafio é devido à doença ser geralmente mais severa e rapidamente progressiva em crianças. Métodos: Este artigo utiliza uma análise retrospectiva para relatar o uso do crosslinking em jovens menores de 18 anos e sua evolução pelo menos 24 meses após o procedimento. Foram estudados 12 olhos de 10 pacientes, e dados como acuidade visual com e sem correção, ceratometria máxima, espessura corneana, espessura foveal e microscopia endotelial avaliados no pré e pós-operatórios. O crosslinking corneano foi realizado em todos os pacientes pelo mesmo cirurgião. Resultados: Observou-se uma tendência de redução do valor do Kmax e melhora da acuidade visual corrigida em todos os momentos de pós operatório. Com relação à paquimetria, observou-se afinamento corneano do ponto mais fino, nos primeiros quatro meses de pós-operatório. Conclusão: Resultados encorajadores foram obtidos com relação à estabilização da doença, progressão e segurança do procedimento, corroborando com as conclusões de outros autores. A importância do diagnóstico precoce e do acompanhamento a curto prazo do paciente deve ser destacada.

Relación entre el índice urémico y la función renal en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica y en personas sanas

Objetivo : Evaluar la relación entre el índice urémico (IU) y la función renal medida por el aclaramiento de creatinina (ClCr) en personas sanas y en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC); asimismo, comparar con la función renal extrapolada según la creatinina sérica y la calculada por algunas fórmulas recomendadas en la literatura internacional. Material y métodos : Estudio transversal, de correlación, analítico y observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes atendidos de forma ambulatoria en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú entre junio del 2018 y junio del 2019. Se realizó correlación de Pearson entre el IU y el ClCr; para la comparación de las medias del IU, creatinina sérica y las fórmulas estandarizadas en función al ClCr estratificado se utilizó el test de ANOVA y el eta cuadrado. Resultados: El IU de la población fue 4,37 ± 4,99 mg/dl y presentó correlación lineal cuadrática estadísticamente significativa con el ClCr (r=-0,74, p=0,000). Asimismo, el IU y el Log IU mostraron un valor predictivo el ClCr superior a la creatinina sérica y a las diversas fórmulas recomendadas en la literatura. El IU presentó correlación significativa con el potasio sérico y su fracción excretoria de forma relevante en comparación con la creatinina sérica. Conclusiones: El IU es un indicador del estado metabólico y nutricional que refleja el ClCr con una precisión estadísticamente significativa en la persona sana y en el paciente con distintos grados de ERC. Además, traduce aspectos relevantes de la función tubular renal.

SUMMARY Objective : To evaluate the relationship between uremic index (UI) and renal function measured by creatinine clearance (CrCl) in persons with normal renal function and in those with chronic renal failure (CRF), as well as to compare the renal function extrapolated from serum creatinine and that calculated with equations internationally recommended. Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted including patients attended in outpatient clinics at Hospital Cayetano Heredia in Lima from June 2018 to June 2019. Pearson's correlation between UI and CrCl was calculated; comparison of means of UI, serum creatinine and standard equations was done by ANOVA and eta square. Results: the overall UI was 4.37 ± 4.99 mg/dl and correlated linearly with CrCl (r=-0.74, p=0.000). The UI and the log UI were significantly more predictive of CrCl than serum creatinine and the international equations used. The UI correlated significantly with serum potassium than serum creatinine. Conclusions : The UI is a good indicator of the metabolic and nutritional status in persons With normal renal function and with CRF and reflects more accurately the CrCl.

Las características dinámicas de la salud mental en adultos peruanos durante la cuarentena por COVID-19 / The dynamic characteristics of mental health in Peruvian adults during the COVID-19 quarantine

RESUMEN Fundamento La pandemia actual por SARS-CoV-2 contabiliza más de un millón de contagios, y ha causado la muerte, hasta ahora, a más de 300 000 personas. Además, ha tenido un gran impacto psicológico en el contexto latinoamericano. Objetivo describir las características dinámicas de la salud mental en adultos peruanos durante la cuarentena por COVID-19. Métodos estudio descriptivo, que exploró las características dinámicas de manera gráfica, mediante un instrumento de salud mental aplicado (online) a 763 adultos peruanos. Se aplicó un análisis de red mediante los paquetes qgrap y el gráfico LASSO. Resultados se observaron mayores medidas de centralidad de red en los reactivos vinculados a síntomas negativos en la salud mental, como el reactivo 9 (sentimiento de infelicidad y depresión) y el 10 (pérdida de confianza); así como la mayor conexión positiva entre los reactivos 3 (toma de decisiones y confianza) y 4 (sentido de vida); y la mayor relación negativa entre los componentes 1 (concentración) y 5 (tensión y angustia). Conclusión los sujetos participantes en el estudio manifestaron fundamentalmente sentimientos de infelicidad, depresión y pérdida de confianza, entre otros síntomas negativos. El estudio de la repercusión de la pandemia COVID-19 en la salud mental, adquiere mayor precisión y fundamento científico al aplicarse métodos como el análisis de redes.

ABSTRACT Background The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic accounts for more than one million infections, and has caused the death, so far, more than 300,000 people. In addition, it has had a great psychological impact in the Latin American context. Objective to describe the dynamic characteristics of mental health in Peruvian adults during the COVID-19 quarantine. Methods descriptive study, which explored the dynamic characteristics graphically, using a mental health instrument applied (online) to 763 Peruvian adults. A network analysis was applied using the qgrap packages and the LASSO graph. Results higher network centrality measures were observed in the items related to negative symptoms in mental health, such as item 9 (feeling of unhappiness and depression) and item 10 (loss of confidence); as well as the greater positive connection between items 3 (decision making and trust) and 4 (meaning of life); and the highest negative relationship between components 1 (concentration) and 5 (tension and anguish). Conclusion the individuals participating in the study mainly manifested feelings of unhappiness, depression and loss of confidence, among other negative symptoms. The study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health acquires greater precision and scientific basis when applying methods such as network analysis.

Construction and application of scientific research reagents/consumables purchasing platform in comprehensive tertiary medical institutions: Taking Peking University Third Hospital as an example / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:As the amount of scientific reagents/consumables procurement in tertiary medical institutions increases year by year, it is necessary to seek for a more optimized operation mode for the current management needs to improve the procurement service and management of scientific reagents/consumables.Methods:Focused on the bottleneck problem of scientific research reagents/consumables procurement management, combined with the investigation of management mode in the same field and the review of relevant literature, a scientific research reagents/consumables procurement platform suitable for hospital was established, which was operated in the whole hospital for 2 years and continuingly improved.Results:The application of the scientific reagents/consumables procurement platform is expected to save 7%~8% of the scientific reagents/consumables related expenditure, which can make the scientific research procurement work standardized and simple, the procurement management precise and fast, and also provide favorable support for the prevention and control of epidemic diseases in hospitals.Conclusions:This platform is conducive to improving the service and management level of scientific reagents/consumables procurement in our hospital, and has conditions to expand the scope and increase the depth of management and service.

Summary of Statistical Methods Commonly Used in Clinical Evaluation of / 中国医疗器械杂志

Referring to relevant normative documents, we summarized the commonly used statistical methods in clinical evaluation of

Analysis of Cut Off Value or Reference Interval of / 中国医疗器械杂志

The cut off value or reference interval is significant in clinical testing and diagnosis. If there is no scientific and reasonable cut off value or reference interval for

Relationship between Reference Interval Establishment and Clinical Evaluation in Quantitative / 中国医疗器械杂志

Reference interval study and clinical evaluation are crucial supportive researches to demonstrate the intended use of quantitative

Research on Application of Intelligent Tracing System for IVD Reagents Based on Blockchain Technology / 中国医疗器械杂志

In recent years, the IVD industry has developed rapidly based on the increasing market demand, and plays an important role in disease prevention, clinical diagnosis, health monitoring and guiding treatment. Therefore, followed quality and safety issues are highly concerned. The unique advantages of blockchain technology, decentralization, distrust and non-tampering, can write into trusted node data in every link covering production, circulation and usage of IVD reagents, and establish a distributed ledger with full backup, which makes the anti-conterfeiting and traceability for IVD reagents possible. We discuss whole process intelligent tracing system for IVD reagents based on blockchain technology. Through the strong mechanism of pre-supervision and post-punishment, the source of reagents can be traced, quality and responsibility can be investigated, and the medical inspection quality and diagnostic safety can be guarded.

Accelerated corneal cross-linking with hypo-osmolar riboflavin in thin keratoconic corneas: 2-year follow-up / Cross-linking corneano acelerado com riboflavina hiposmolar em córneas ceratocônicas finas: 2 anos de acompanhamento

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of accelerated corneal cross-linking in keratoconic corneas with thinnest pachymetry values of <400 µm. Methods: The study included 28 eyes of 24 patients. The uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuities (logMAR), flattest and steepest keratometric readings, central corneal thickness at the thinnest point, corneal higher-order aberrations, and contrast sensitivity were assessed before and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after corneal cross-linking. Result: The mean best-corrected visual acuity and contrast sensitivity increased (p=0.02, p=0.03, respectively), whereas the mean uncorrected visual acuity did not significantly differ (p>0.05) at 24 months after corneal cross-linking, compared with measurements before corneal cross-linking. Although the mean flattest keratometric reading showed no significant change (p=0.58), the mean steepest keratometric reading was reduced when compared with its value before corneal cross-linking (p=0.001). No change was observed in the mean central corneal thickness at the thinnest point at 24 months after corneal cross-linking, compared with its value before corneal cross-linking (p=0.12). Conclusion: Accelerated corneal cross-linking in keratoconic eyes with thin corneas could halt the progression of keratoconus in corneas thinner than 400 µm at 24 months after treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo foi realizado para avaliar os resultados do cross-linking corneano acelerado em córneas ceratocônicas com os valores mais baixos de paquimetria <400 µm. Métodos: O estudo incluiu 28 olhos de 24 pacientes. As acuidades visuais não corrigidas e melhor corrigidas (logMAR), leituras ceratométricas mais planas e íngremes, espessura corneana central no ponto mais fino, aberrações corneanas de mais alta ordem e a sensibilidade ao contraste foram avaliadas antes e em 1, 3, 6, 12 e 24 meses após a realização do do cross-linking. Resultados: A média da acuidade visual melhor corrigida e a sensibilidade ao contraste aumentaram (p=0,02, p=0,03, respectivamente), enquanto a média da acuidade visual não corrigida não diferiu significativamente (p>0,05) aos 24 meses após o cross-linking, comparada com medidas antes do procedimento. Embora a leitura da média da ceratometria mais plana não tenha apresentado alteração significativa (p=0,58), a leitura ceratométrica mais íngreme diminuiu quando comparada ao seu valor antes do cross-linking (p=0,001). Não foi observada alteração na média da espessura corneana central no ponto mais fino aos 24 meses após o cross-linking em comparação com seu valor antes do procedimento (p=0,12). Conclusão: O cross-linking corneano acelerado nos olhos ceratocônicos com córneas finas pode interromper a progressão do ceratocone nas córneas mais finas que 400 µm 24 meses após o tratamento.

Avaliação da implantação do acesso avançado nos indicadores de qualidade de uma unidade de saúde / Evaluación de la implementación del acceso avanzado en los indicadores de calidad de una unidad de salud / Evaluation of the implementation of advanced access on the quality indicators of a health unit

Objetivos: O objetivo principal foi analisar os indicadores de acesso da unidade de saúde (US) Sesc, antes e após a implantação do acesso avançado (AA). Como objetivo secundário, foram analisados os indicadores de desempenho da US Sesc, antes e após o AA. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo com análise dos dados obtidos mensalmente do sistema de informação em saúde do Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, comparando o período de novembro/16 -outubro/17 com novembro/17 - outubro/18. Resultados: Após o AA, o número de atendimentos médicos aumentou 8%, o absenteísmo nas consultas diminuiu de 6,9% para 3% e o número de pacientes diferentes atendidos teve um acréscimo de quase 5%. Em relação ao controle de doenças crônicas, o número de hipertensos atendidos cresceu e também houve um aumento na porcentagem de hipertensos controlados, passando de 74% para 77%. O número de diabéticos atendidos aumentou, assim como a porcentagem de diabéticos controlados subiu de 73% para 81%. Houve uma diminuição de quase 10% de atendimentos a pacientes vinculados à US nos serviços de atenção secundária de referência. Discussão: É possível considerar que a implantação do AA na US Sesc foi associada a uma melhoria dos indicadores de acesso, bem como da maior parte dos indicadores de desempenho analisados.

Objectives: The main objective was to analyze the access indicators of the Sesc health unit (HU), before and after the implementation of advanced access (AA). As a secondary objective, the performance indicators of the health unit Sesc HU were analyzed, before and after AA. Methods:Cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis of data obtained monthly from the health information system of Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, comparing the period of November/16 - October/17 with November/17 - October/18. Results: After AA, the number of medical appointments increased by 8%, absenteeism in consultations decreased from 6.9% to 3% and the number of different patients treated increased by almost 5%. Regarding the control of chronic diseases, the number of hypertensive patients seen increased and there was also an increase in the percentage of controlled hypertensive patients, from 74% to 77%. The number of diabetics treated increased, as did the percentage of controlled diabetics increased from 73% to 81%. There was a decrease of almost 10% in attendance to patients linked to the US in the reference secondary care services. Discussion: It is possible to consider that the implantation of AA in Sesc HU was associated with an improvement in access indicators, as well as most of the performance indicators analyzed.

Objetivos: El objetivo principal era analizar los indicadores de acceso de la unidad de salud (US) Sesc, antes y después de la implementación del acceso avanzado (AA). Como objetivo secundario, se analizaron los indicadores de rendimiento de la US Sesc, antes y después del AA. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal con análisis de datos obtenidos mensualmente del sistema de información de salud del Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, comparando el período Noviembre/16 - Octubre/17 con Noviembre/17 - Octubre/18. Resultados: Después del AA, el número de citas médicas aumentó en un 8%, el absentismo en las consultas disminuyó del 6,9% al 3% y el número de pacientes diferentes tratados aumentó en casi 5%. Con respecto al control de enfermedades crónicas, el número de pacientes hipertensos vistos aumentó y también hubo un aumento en el porcentaje de pacientes hipertensos controlados, del 74% al 77%. El número de diabéticos tratados aumentó, al igual que el porcentaje de diabéticos controlados aumentó del 73% al 81%. Hubo una disminución de casi 10% en la asistencia a pacientes vinculados a la US en los servicios de atención secundaria de referencia. Discusión: Es posible considerar que la implantación del AA en la US Sesc se asoció con una mejora en los indicadores de acceso, así como en la mayoría de los indicadores de desempeño analizados.

Practice and discussion on the management of hospital scientific research reagents and consumables procurement platform / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of the platform management of scientific research reagents and consumables, and provide references for the procurement management construction of scientific research reagent consumables in hospitals.Methods:According to the combination of literature review and daily management practice in the hospital, to sum up the main modes of reagents and consumables platform management and analyzing their characteristics.Results:Nowadays, the platform management modes of reagents and consumables procurement can be summarized as self-construction and self-management mode and e-mall management mode. Take into consideration of the practice at hospital, a new mode named resource database sharing mode is proposed and discussed in this article to specify key points for future management.Conclusions:Scientific research reagents and consumables procurement platform management is a future trend, hospitals should develop tailored management model based on their internal management demands.

Analysis of the Development Status of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Based on External Quality Assessment from 2014 to 2019 in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for promoting individualized medication in clinic. METHODS ：Information on external quality assessment （EQA）projects and approved kits for the guidance of chemical drug use were collected from the websites of National Center for Clinical Laboratories （NCCL） and National Medical Products Administration （NMPA） as of December 31，2019. The number of laboratories participating in each evaluation project was count. Taking EQA projects of clopidogrel and warfarin drug metabolism gene polymorphism detection as examples ，who was with the highest participation rate ， the methods and reagent kits of each laboratory were analyzed so as to analyze the current status of the clinical pharmacogenomics （PGx）in China. RESULTS ：The number of PGx genetic test EQA projects conducted by NCCL increased from 3（2014）to 9 （2019）. The total number of participating laboratories was 926 in 2018，and 1 249 in 2019. The number of laboratories of warfarin and clopidogrel drug metabolism gene polymorphism detection increased from 57 to 300.5 for warfarin and from 124 to 374.5 for clopidogrel. The more widely used methods were fluorescent PCR and PCR-chip hybridization. The number of reagent kits currently approved by NMPA was 7 for warfarin and 15 for clopidogrel ，respectively. But some of the laboratories participating in EQA used self-prepared reagents yet. CONCLUSIONS ：The clinical PGx is in its infancy ，and the awareness of laboratories about EQA is improving；the main method was fluorescence PCR ，but the use of self-made reagents in laboratories is still common ，regulations concerning the approval ，use and supervision still need to be further improved.

Believes versus evidence-based regio-orientation in the structure assignment of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines

This review aims to focus and highlight the regio-orientation and regioselectivity of the reactions of 3(5)-aminopyrazoleswith 1,3-bielectrophilic reagents that lead to the formation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. To clarify the significance ofregio-orientation, reactions of 3(5)-aminopyrazoles with symmetric 1,3-bielectrophilic reagents such as acetylacetoneand malononitrile are also included. The comparable nucleophilicity of the exocyclic NH2 group and endocyclicNH in 3(5)-aminopyrazoles is considered as it causes literature controversy associated with regio-orientation of thesubstituents on the pyrimidine ring of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine when unsymmetrical 1,3-bielectrophilic reagentreacts with 3(5)-aminopyrazole. To the best of our knowledge, this review would be the first collective and confinedreport to the regio-orientation of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines.