Application of asthenopia survey scale in patients with accommodative asthenopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the visual fatigue of patients with accommodative asthenopia and the difference in scores before and after treatment by using the asthenopia survey scale(ASS), and to evaluate its reliability, validity and responsiveness in this population.METHODS: A total of 112 patients with accommodative asthenopia were admitted to the department of ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and recruited online were investigated using the ASS questionnaire, and 48 subjects were randomly selected and retested 1wk later. A variety of reliability, validity and responsiveness indicators were used to evaluate the scale.RESULTS: The overall Cronbach's α coefficients of the scale entries was 0.91; The split-half reliability coefficients was 0.86; Repeated measurement correlation coefficient of the scale total score was 0.74, there was no significant difference before and after(P>0.05); The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the absolute fit index of the three-factor structural model was χ2/df<2.0, RMSEA=0.08; The correlation coefficients of each dimension's total score and the scale's total score were 0.92, 0.90 and 0.83 respectively; The standard association validity analysis showed statistically significant differences between groups(P<0.01). Response analysis was statistically significant before and after treatment(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The ASS has high reliability, validity and responsiveness in the clinical evaluation of accommodative asthenopia, and it's an effective tool for clinical research and screening of asthenopia in this population.

Frequency-Resolved Connectome Hubs and Their Test-Retest Reliability in the Resting Human Brain / 神经科学通报·英文版

Functional hubs with disproportionately extensive connectivities play a crucial role in global information integration in human brain networks. However, most resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) studies have identified functional hubs by examining spontaneous fluctuations of the blood oxygen level-dependent signal within a typical low-frequency band (e.g., 0.01-0.08 Hz or 0.01-0.1 Hz). Little is known about how the spatial distributions of functional hubs depend on frequency bands of interest. Here, we used repeatedly measured R-fMRI data from 53 healthy young adults and a degree centrality analysis to identify voxelwise frequency-resolved functional hubs and further examined their test-retest reliability across two sessions. We showed that a wide-range frequency band (0.01-0.24 Hz) accessible with a typical sampling rate (fsample = 0.5 Hz) could be classified into three frequency bands with distinct patterns, namely, low-frequency (LF, 0.01-0.06 Hz), middle-frequency (MF, 0.06-0.16 Hz), and high-frequency (HF, 0.16-0.24 Hz) bands. The functional hubs were mainly located in the medial and lateral frontal and parietal cortices in the LF band, and in the medial prefrontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala, and several cerebellar regions in the MF and HF bands. These hub regions exhibited fair to good test-retest reliability, regardless of the frequency band. The presence of the three frequency bands was well replicated using an independent R-fMRI dataset from 45 healthy young adults. Our findings demonstrate reliable frequency-resolved functional connectivity hubs in three categories, thus providing insights into the frequency-specific connectome organization in healthy and disordered brains.

Test-retest reliability analysis of MRI criteria in the 2019 Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the test-retest reliability of MRI criteria in the 2019 Bosniak classification of cystic renal masses (CRMs) and to analyze the impact of lesions′ property, size and readers′ experience on the test-retest reliability.Methods:From January 2009 to June 2019, 207 patients with 207 CRMs were included in this retrospective study. All of them underwent renal MRI and surgical-pathologic examination. According to Bosniak classification, version 2019, all CRMs were independently classified twice by eight radiologists with different levels of experience. All radiologists were blinded to the pathology of the lesions. By using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), test-retest reliability was evaluated for all CRMs and for subgroups with different pathological properties (benign and malignant) and different sizes (≤40 mm and>40 mm). The test-retest reliability of 4 senior readers (≥10 years of experience) and 4 junior readers (<10 years of experience) were evaluated respectively. The comparison of ICC was performed using Z test. Results:The 207 CRMs included 111 benign lesions (83 benign cysts, 28 benign tumors) and 96 malignant tumors. There were 87 lesions with maximum diameter ≤40 mm and 120 with maximum diameter>40 mm. The test-retest reliability (ICC) of each reader for all lesions was 0.776-0.888, the overall ICC was 0.848 (95%CI 0.821-0.872). The ICCs of senior and junior readers were 0.853 (95%CI 0.824-0.880) and 0.843 (95%CI 0.811-0.871) respectively, without significant difference between the two groups ( Z=0.85, P=0.374). The ICC of all readers was 0.827 for benign lesions and 0.654 for malignant lesions, showing significant difference ( Z=2.80, P=0.005). The ICC was 0.770 for lesions ≤40 mm and 0.876 for lesions>40 mm, which was significantly different ( Z=-2.36, P=0.018). For CRM subgroups with different pathological properties and different sizes, there was no significant difference in test-retest reliability between senior and junior readers (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The test-retest reliability of MRI criteria in the 2019 Bosniak classification of CRMs is excellent and unaffected by readers′ experience. The reliabilities are not consistent among CRMs of different pathological properties and different sizes, but all reached the level of good and above.

Geração de itens e validação de conteúdo de domínios e de itens para o indivíduo com osteoartrite do joelho: um estudo de método misto / Item generation and content validation of domains with item pool for the individual with knee osteoarthritis: a mixed-method study

INTRODUÇÃO: Existem várias escalas para avaliar as percepções subjetivas e os componentes individuais em indivíduos com osteoartrite (OA) de joelho. Até o momento, não há escalas disponíveis conhecidas para medir o equilíbrio combinado entre mobilidade, AVD e QV em OA de joelho com base na Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). OBJETIVO: Gerar itens e domínios relacionados aos problemas enfrentados pelos indivíduos com OA de joelhos e validar o conteúdo por especialistas. MÉTODOS: Os domínios e itens foram gerados através de pesquisa bibliográfica extensa (ELS) para extrair itens relacionados a equilíbrio, mobilidade, ADL e QV em indivíduos com OA em joelhos baseados na CIF e através de entrevista aprofundada direta (EAD) em 13 pessoas com OA de joelhos e três especialistas. A validação de conteúdo dos domínios e itens gerados foi validada por 10 especialistas por meio da pesquisa Delphi online. O índice mínimo de validação de conteúdo em nível de item (I-CVI) de 0,80 foi considerado para validar os itens identificados e o índice de validação de conteúdo em nível de escala geral (S-CVI) de 0,90 foi fixado para validar os itens gerados para uso no processo de desenvolvimento da escala. RESULTADOS: Os 117 itens gerados por EAD na ELS foram inicialmente agrupados em 18 domínios. A validação de conteúdo pelo método Delphi resultou em uma diminuição para 56 itens agrupados em 14 domínios com SCVI de 0, 93. CONCLUSÃO: O conjunto abrangente de itens de deficiência, limitação de atividade e restrição de participação para indivíduos com OA de joelhos nos domínios propostos foi desenvolvido e o conteúdo validado. Esses itens são recomendados para uso no desenvolvimento de uma nova escala abrangente de índice de osteoartrite do joelho (CKOAI).

INTRODUCTION: There are several scales to evaluate subjective perceptions and individual components in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (IKOA). Till date, no scale is available to measure the combined balance, mobility, ADL and QoL in IKOA based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to generate items and domains related to problems faced by IKOA and to validate the content by experts. METHODS: The domains and items were generated through extensive literature search (ELS) to extract items related to symptoms, balance, mobility, ADL and QoL in IKOA based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and through in-depth direct interview (IDDI) from 13 IKOA and three experts. The content validation of domains and items generated were validated by 10 experts through online Delphi survey. Minimum itemlevel content validation index (I-CVI) of 0.80 was considered to validate the identified items and the overall scale-level content validation index (S-CVI) of 0.90 was fixed to validate the generated items to use in scale development process. RESULTS: 117 items generated by IDDI and ELS were grouped under 18 domains initially. Content validation by Delphi method resulted in reduction with 56 item pool being grouped under the 14 domains with SCVI is 0.93. CONCLUSION: The comprehensive impairment, activity limitation and participation restriction item pool for IKOA under the proposed domains, have been developed and content validated. These items are recommended for their use in development of new comprehensive knee osteoarthritis index scale (CKOAI).

Analysis of influencing factors of fingertip thermotactile perception threshold in healthy young adults / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stability of test results of fingertip thermotactile perception threshold(TPT) among healthy individuals and the influencing factors of the TPT test. METHODS: Fifty healthy young volunteers aged 20-25 were selected as the study subjects using the convenience sampling method. The HVLab thermal aesthesiometer was used to perform the fingertip TPT test under the standard condition. Right index, middle, ring, little, left index and little fingers were tested. According to the method of random number table, we selected 25 subjects to receive second test after the interval of two weeks. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) for cold threshold of right little finger was bigger than 0.75, suggesting the test-retest reliability was excellent. The ICC for hot threshold of six test fingers, cold threshold of right and left index fingers, right middle and left little finges was in the range of 0.60-0.74, indicating the test-retest reliability was good. However, the ICC for cold threshold of right ring finger was less than 0.40, and the test-retest reliability was poor. The hot threshold of right middle, ring and little fingers, and the cold threshold of left little finger of males were higher than those of females(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right index and little fingers were lower than those of left hand in males(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right middle and ring fingers were lower than that of the right index finger in females(all P<0.05). The cold threshold of right little finger was lower than those of right index, middle and ring fingers in females(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The stability of the fingertip TPT result is good in healthy young adults aged 20-25. The fingertip TPT test could be used for occupational health surveillance of workers exposed to hand-transmitted vibration. We should take into account the influence of gender, the right or left hand and different fingers when developing TPT reference values.

Test-Retest Reliability of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation for a Vergence Eye Movement Task / 神经科学通报·英文版

Vergence eye movements are the inward and outward rotation of the eyes responsible for binocular coordination. While studies have mapped and investigated the neural substrates of vergence, it is not well understood whether vergence eye movements evoke the blood oxygen level-dependent signal reliably in separate experimental visits. The test-retest reliability of stimulus-induced vergence eye movement tasks during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment is important for future randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In this study, we established region of interest (ROI) masks for the vergence neural circuit. Twenty-seven binocularly normal young adults participated in two functional imaging sessions measured on different days on the same 3T Siemens scanner. The fMRI experiments used a block design of sustained visual fixation and rest blocks interleaved between task blocks that stimulated eight or four vergence eye movements. The test-retest reliability of task-activation was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and that of spatial extent was assessed using the Dice coefficient. Functional activation during the vergence eye movement task of eight movements compared to rest was repeatable within the primary visual cortex (ICC = 0.8), parietal eye fields (ICC = 0.6), supplementary eye field (ICC = 0.5), frontal eye fields (ICC = 0.5), and oculomotor vermis (ICC = 0.6). The results demonstrate significant test-retest reliability in the ROIs of the vergence neural substrates for functional activation magnitude and spatial extent using the stimulus protocol of a task block stimulating eight vergence eye movements compared to sustained fixation. These ROIs can be used in future longitudinal RCTs to study patient populations with vergence dysfunctions.

Impact of heart rate on reproducibility of heart rate variability analysis in the supine and standing positions in healthy men

OBJECTIVE: The reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is not yet fully understood, especially considering different body positions and the mathematical influence of heart rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of HRV in supine and standing positions, with and without mathematical adjustment of HRV by the average R-R interval (iRR). METHODS: We evaluated 37 young males (23.1±4 years; 25.1±3 kg/m2). A 5-min segment of the iRR was collected in the supine and standing positions on three occasions separated by 48-hour intervals. Absolute and relative reliability of temporal and spectral indices were assessed by the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. RESULTS: We did not observe differences in HRV indices in the three occasions in the supine or standing position (p>0.05). Moderate to good reproducibility was observed for temporal and spectral indices of HRV in the supine position (ICC: 0.65-0.89; CV: 0.9-19.8). In the orthostatic position, low to good reproducibility was observed (ICC: 0.35-0.89; CV: 1.1-34.8), with higher ICCs for temporal indices. After mathematical adjustment, only a small modification in HRV reliability was observed in both positions. CONCLUSIONS: In young adult males, the mathematical adjustment of HRV by the average iRR led to a nonsignificant effect on HRV reliability. Additionally, HRV reliability is dependent on body position and the index analyzed. Promising measures in both supine and standing positions include r-MSSD and the HF band (parasympathetic indices).

Evaluation of Observable Items of Gait Abnormality in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis：Criterion-related Validity Using Three-dimensional Gait Analysis and Test-retest Reliability / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Objective：We aimed to examine the criterion-related validity of observable items of gait abnormality in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) using three-dimensional gait analysis and to assess the test-retest reliability.Methods：The items of gait abnormality were pooled from a prior study and rated using a 3-point scale. Content validity was examined by four experts in knee OA research and accepted when there was an agreement among at least three experts. Correlation between abnormality rating and three-dimensional gait analysis data was examined. The test-retest reliability of the agreement rate was then assessed in the same subject twice.Results：Eleven items were pooled, and all met the criterion of content validity. Eight items showed adequate correlation with the three-dimensional gait analysis data and had test-retest reliability exceeding 0.61.Conclusion：In patients with knee OA, observable items of gait abnormality had good test-retest reliability and criterion-related validity according to the three-dimensional gait analysis data.

Evaluation of Observable Items of Gait Abnormality in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis：Criterion-related Validity Using Three-dimensional Gait Analysis and Test-retest Reliability / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Objective：We aimed to examine the criterion-related validity of observable items of gait abnormality in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) using three-dimensional gait analysis and to assess the test-retest reliability.Methods：The items of gait abnormality were pooled from a prior study and rated using a 3-point scale. Content validity was examined by four experts in knee OA research and accepted when there was an agreement among at least three experts. Correlation between abnormality rating and three-dimensional gait analysis data was examined. The test-retest reliability of the agreement rate was then assessed in the same subject twice.Results：Eleven items were pooled, and all met the criterion of content validity. Eight items showed adequate correlation with the three-dimensional gait analysis data and had test-retest reliability exceeding 0.61.Conclusion：In patients with knee OA, observable items of gait abnormality had good test-retest reliability and criterion-related validity according to the three-dimensional gait analysis data.

Linguistic validity and reliability of cariogenic food frequency and oral health knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaires for parents of 6-11 years old children in Kota Bharu, Kelantan

@# Introduction: Cariogenic food intake and oral health knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of parents are contributing factors that influence the oral health status of children. As there is lack of a validated questionnaire in Bahasa Melayu (the Malay language) to measure the factors, this cross-sectional study was carried out to establish a linguistically valid and reliable cariogenic food frequency questionnaire (M-CFFQ) and oral health kap questionnaire (M-OHKAPQ) in Bahasa Melayu, for parents of children aged 6-11 years in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Methods: Relevant questionnaires in English were selected and translated to Malay language. This process included forward translation, synthesis, backward translation and consolidation to produce the preliminary drafts of M-CFFQ and M-OHKAPQ. Pretesting was conducted on ten parents of children from a primary school in Kota Bharu by face-to-face interview. The findings were reviewed to produce the final versions of M-CFFQ and M-OHKAPQ. A test-retest reliability study was undertaken involving 49 parents. The participants were asked to answer the final M-CFFQ and M-OHKAPQ versions twice, within a 7-14 days interval. Data collected were entered into IBM SPPS version 22 software and analysed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) test. Results: Semantic, idiomatic, experiential, conceptual as well as content and face validity issues were successfully resolved. Fifteen categories of food/drinks for M-CFFQ and 26 items/questions M-OHKAPQ were produced. The total ICC values achieved for M-CFFQ and M-OHKAPQ were 0.887 and 0.807, respectively. Conclusion: The M-CFFQ and M-OHKAPQ appeared to be linguistically valid and reliable with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC>0.80).

Reliability and Internal Consistency of the Spanish Version for Colombia of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) / Confiabilidad y consistencia interna de la versión en español para Colombia del Índice de Western Ontario para Manguito Rotador (WORC)

Introducción: el índice de Western Ontario para Manguito Rotador (WORC) evalúa la calidad de vida en pacientes con patología del manguito rotador El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir la escala al español y evaluar su consistencia interna y reproducibilidad en pacientes con esta enfermedad. Métodos: siguiendo las guías de la literatura, se tradujo la escala de WORC y se aplicó a sesenta pacientes con patología del manguito rotador Para evaluar la confiabilidad, los pacientes debían responder la escala por segunda vez, en un período no mayor a 14 días. Se calcularon el alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC) para determinar la confiabilidad test-retest y la consistencia interna. El gráfico de Bland-Altman y el índice de cambio confiable (RCI) se usaron para calcular el error de medición. Resultados: el alfa de Cronbach fue 0,96 para el valor total del WORC (rango de 0,85-0,94 para los cinco dominios). La confiabilidad test-retest fue excelente con un ICC de 0,98 (rango de 0,91-0,97 para los dominios). El gráfico de Bland-Altman no demostró diferencias sistemáticas y el RCI fue 7,6%. Conclusión: la versión en español de la escala de WORC es una herramienta válida y confiable para evaluar calidad de vida en pacientes con patología del manguito rotador y puede utilizarse en países de habla hispana como Colombia. Nivel de evidencia: estudio de ciencias básicas, desarrollo o validación de instrumentos para medición de desenlaces.

Background: The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is an assessment tool developed to evalúate quality of Iife in patients with rotator cuff disease (RCD). The purpose of this study' is to transíate the WORC índex into Spanish and to evalúate its reproducibility and internal consistency' in patients with RCD. Methods: Followingguidelines fforn literature, the WORC Índex was translated. Sixty patients with RCD were asked to complete the questionnaire. To evalúate reliability, they were asked to answer it for a second time within the next 14 days. The Cronbach's a (CA) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to determine test-retest reliability and internal consistency Bland-Altman plot and reliable change Índex (RCI) were used to evalúate measurement error. Results: Cronbach's a was 0.96 for the total WORC score (ranges 0.85-0.94 for the five domains). Excellent test-retest reliability' was seen with an ICC of 0.98, with the domains ranging between 0.91-0.97. The Bland-Altman plot showed no sy'stematic differences, and the RCI for the total WORC Índex was 7.6%. Conclusión: The Spanish versión of the WORC Índex is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating quality' of Iife in patients with RCD and may be used in Spanish speaking countries like Colombia. Level of evidence: Basic Science Study, Development or Validation of Outcomes Instruments/Classification Systems.

Validation Study of a Korean Version of the Abbreviated University of California, Los Angeles, PTSD Reaction Index (Abb-UCLA-PTSD RI) for Adolescents

BACKGROUND: We aimed to verify a Korean version of the Abbreviated University of California, Los Angeles, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (Abb-UCLA-PTSD RI-Korean version) among Korean adolescents to assess post-traumatic stress in this population. METHODS: We recruited 1,254 adolescents who completed the Abb-UCLA-PTSD RI-Korean version scale, the Child Report of Post-Traumatic Symptoms (CROPS), the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events (LITE), and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Test-retest reliability was computed for a randomly selected 314 participants. Among all the students, 765 were included in the analysis because 143 students were classified in the normative group (LITE 1) and 622 were in the traumatized group (LITE 4). RESULTS: The internal consistencies of the nine-item and eight-item versions of the Abb-UCLA PTSD RI-Korean version were found to be high (Cronbach's α = 0.843 and 0.842, respectively). The criterion-related validity was based on comparison of the Abb-UCLA PTSD RI total scores between the normative and trauma groups. For the eight-item version, the normative group (4.6 ± 4.6) and the traumatized group (8.8 ± 6.0) demonstrated better criterion-related validity than those in the nine-item version (4.5 ± 4.3 and 8.5 ± 5.0, respectively). The test-retest reliability of the eight-item version was better than the nine-item version (r = 0.85 vs. 0.77). A two-factor model with eight items (two items regarding sleep, and the other six items made up the second factor) showed the best fit. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the eight-item Abb-UCLA PTSD RI-Korean version is a useful screening tool for post-traumatic stress in Korean adolescents.

Short Term Test-Retest Reliability of Contralateral Inhibition of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Strength of medial olivocochlear reflex can be measured reliably using contralateral inhibition of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) when its fine structure is considered. However, measurement of fine structure of DPOAE is difficult with clinical equipment. Thus, this study investigated the clinically relevant test-retest reliability of contralateral inhibition of DPOAEs. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six young adults with normal hearing sensitivity participated. DPOAEs were recorded at 27 discrete f2 frequencies between 800 Hz and 8,000 Hz at frequency resolution of 8 points per octave with and without contralateral white noise presented at 50 dB SPL. To check for short term inter-session reliability, contralateral inhibition of DPOAEs were recorded in three sessions, two recording sessions on first day separated by 30 minutes and third time after one week of the first session. Within each session, DPOAEs were recorded twice in single probe-fit condition to test for intra-session reliability. RESULTS: Cronbach’s alpha was calculated having poor reliability (α≤ 0.7) of contralateral inhibition of DPOAEs in both intra-session and inter-session conditions for most of the tested frequencies. 95% confidence intervals of contralateral inhibition magnitude also showed large variability. CONCLUSIONS: The current results showed that though DPOAE amplitudes were highly reliable across sessions, amount of inhibition of DPOAEs was not reliable when DPOAEs were measured at discrete frequencies. These findings are concurrent with the literature.

Confiabilidade teste-reteste do instrumento EORTC QLQ FA13 para avaliação de fadiga em pacientes oncológicos / Test-retest reliability of EORTC QLQ FA 13 instrument for fatigue assessment in oncological patients

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a estabilidade teste-reteste do instrumento EORTC QLQ FA13 na versão em português do Brasil por meio do processo de equivalência semântica, compreendendo a fase de equivalência de mensuração que abrange os estudos psicométricos. Métodos O instrumento foi aplicado em 163 pacientes nas enfermarias clínicas e cirúrgicas de um hospital de alta complexidade no tratamento do câncer situado no município do Rio de Janeiro entre março de 2015 e outubro de 2016, através de um questionário aplicado por entrevista individual. Para testar a adequação do processo de aferição, solicitou-se que respondessem novamente o questionário, com intervalo de 7 a 15 dias. Resultados Dentre aqueles que participaram do teste, 50 (30,67%) aderiram também ao reteste. Houve boa compreensão do instrumento na etapa de teste. As respostas mostraram-se estáveis, e as estimativas de confiabilidade teste-resteste variaram de boa a excelente (kappa = 0,66 a 0,80), seja para os itens, seja para as dimensões da escala. Conclusão O presente estudo, juntamente com outras etapas prévias de confiabilidade do instrumento, sugere alta estabilidade das informações coletadas, o que torna real sua aplicabilidade na população brasileira visando à melhora da qualidade da assistência dos pacientes oncológicos.

Abstract Objective To verify the test-retest stability of the EORTC QLQ FA 13 instrument in the Brazilian Portuguese version through the semantic equivalence process, including the equivalence phase of measurement that covers psychometric studies. Methods The instrument was applied in 163 patients undergoing cancer treatment in the clinical and surgical infirmaries of a highly complex hospitallocated in the city of Rio de Janeiro between March 2015 and October 2016 through a questionnaire applied in an individual interview. In order to test the suitability of the measurement process, participants were requested to answer the questionnaire a second time after and interval of 7 to 15 days. Results Among participantsed, 50 (30.67%) also adhered to retest. There was good understanding of the instrument at the test stage. The responses were stable, and the estimates of test-retest reliability varied from good to excellent (kappa = 0.66 to 0.80), either for items or for scale dimensions. Conclusion The present study and other previous steps of reliability of the instrument suggest a high stability of the information collected, which makes its applicability in the Brazilian population useful for improving the quality of care of cancer patients.

Reliability of Posturographic Parameters Assessing Sit-to-stand Movements in Healthy Participants / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective Currently,the sit-to-stand process is not well evaluated.The aim of the study is to evaluate quantitatively the reliability of posturographic parameters in the sit-to-stand process.Methods Seventy-four healthy participants were enrolled and required to finish 20-second sitting,standing and the sit-to-stand process.The computer calculated the posturographic parameters automatically.The test was repeated twice to assess the reliability at an interval of six days.Results During sitting and standing position,the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of all the parameters were above 0.50,indicating a good or fair reliability.During the standing stance and sitting phase of the sit-to-stand process,the ICCs of all the parameters were above 0.40 and 0.60 respectively,showing a good or fair reliability.Conclusions Sit-to-stand posturographic parameters are a new way to assess the position control ability among the healthy participants with a good reliability.Further study should be conducted among patients to result in better functional and effectiveness evaluation.

Propiedades psieométrieas del Stroop, test de colores y palabras en población colombiana no patológica / Psychometric Properties of the Stroop color-word Test in non-pathological Colombian Population

El objetivo del presente artículo es revisar las propiedades psieométrieas del Stroop, test de colores y palabras de Golden (2007) en población colombiana no clínica. 1332 participantes, 561 varones (42.1%) y 771 mujeres (57.9%) entre 7 y 80 años de edad, (M= 29.80 DE= 17.95). agrupados en los rangos de edad de 16 a 44 años (48.5%), 7 a 15 (28.1%), 45 a 64 (18.1%) y 65 a 80 (5.2 %). La confiabilidad fue evaluada utilizando test-retest a través del coeficiente de correlación intraclase con IC al 95% con diferencia de diez minutos entre las dos aplicaciones. La validez de constructo fue medida mediante el Análisis de componentes principales ACP La validez convergente fue calculada a través de r de Pearson entre las subescalas de Stroop y el TMT-B. El Análisis paralelo de horn y el ACP arrojaron evidencia de tres componentes que explican el 86.84% de la varianza. Las correlaciones r de Pearson, el Stroop y TMT-B fueron significativas a 0.01 con valores de -0.41 para P; -0.35 para C; de -0.40 para PC, y de -0.14 para interferencia. La confiabilidad encontrada fue superior a 0.70 en todas las láminas del Stroop. La validez discriminante no halló diferencias entre hombres y mujeres, pero si para edad, estrato y escolaridad. Las medias y desviaciones estándar en la población colombiana fueron inferiores en todas las escalas a la versión española, lo que puede ser explicado por diferencias culturales importantes. Los resultados permiten afirmar que el Stroop es válido y confiable para diversos grupos etarios de poblaciones no patológicas en Colombia.

The aim of this article is to review the psychometric properties of the Stroop Color and Word Test Golden (2007) in Colombian nonclinical population. 1,332 participants, 561 males (42.1%) and 771 women (57.9%) between 7 and 80 years old, (M = 29.80 SD = 17.95) grouped into age ranges of 16-44 years (48.5%), 7-15 (28.1%), 45-64 (18.1%) and 65-80 (5.2%). Reliability was assessed using test-retest through intraclass correlation coefficient with IC95% far ten minutes between the two applications. Construct validity was measured by Principal Component Analysis ACP Convergent validity was calculated by Pearson r between Stroop subscales and TMT-B. Parallel analysis of Horn and gave evidence ACP three components explaining 86.84% of the variance. Pearson r correlations Stroop and TMT-B were significant at 0.01 to -0.41 values for P; -0.35 for C; from -0.40 to -0.14 for PC and Interference. Reliability found was higher than 0.70 in all Stroop scales. Discriminant validity found no difference between men and women, but if for age stratum and schooling. Means and standard deviations were lower Colombian population at all scales to the Spanish version, which can be explained by significant cultural differences. These results support the Stroop is valid and reliable for different age groups of no pathological populations in Colombia.

Elevated plus maze as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice:test-retest reliability / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the test-retest reliability of elevated plus maze (EPM) which is taken as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice.Methods The behavior of adult,male and female,Kunming mice in EPM was recorded twice with one-week inter-trial interval for lasting five minutes.The following parameters were evaluated:percentage of time on EPM open arms (Otime％),percentage of time on EPM closed arms (Ctime％),time on EPM open arms (Otime),time on EPM closed arms (Ctime),percentage of entries into EPM open arms (Oentries％),entries into EPM open arms (Oentries),entries into EPM closed arms (Centries),total entries into EPM open and closed arms (Entries).Subsequently,the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the kappa agreement index (κ) were calculated for these parameters.Results ICC for Otime％ (♂ ICC=0.506,P＜0.05;♀ ICC=0.456,P＜0.05;♂ + ♀ ICC=0.492,P ＜0.01),Oentries (♂ ICC=0.673,P＜0.01;♀ ICC=0.648,P＜0.01;♂ + ♀ ICC=0.665,P＜0.01),Centries (♂ ICC=0.704,P＜0.01;♀ ICC=0.661,P＜0.01;♂ + ♀ ICC=0.686,P＜0.01),Entries (5 ICC=0.701,P＜0.01;♀ ICC=0.661,P＜0.01;5 + ♀ ICC=0.685,P＜0.01) showed a fair test-retest reliability,respectively.Only κ for Entries (♂ κ=0.253,P＜0.05;♀ κ=0.339,P＜0.05;♂ + ♀ κ=0.298,P＜0.01)displayed a significant but poor reliability between the test-retest trials.Conclusion The Otime％ Entries parameters as an acceptable index for Kunming mice in EPM can be used for exploratory and locomotion activity.Sex and repeated measurement have different effects on the Otime％ and Entries parameters,especially the more on the former.Therefore,Otime％ and Entries can be considered when EPM as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice;meanwhile,more attention should be paid to both the sex (male animals recommended to EPM,especially) and repeated measurement effects.

Elevated zero maze as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice：test-retest reliability / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the test-retest reliability of elevated zero maze (EZM), as an animal model of state anxiety in Kun-ming mice. Methods The behavior of adult, male and female, Kunming mice in EZM was recorded twice, for five minutes, with a one-week inter-trial interval. The following parameters were evaluated: percentage of time on EZM open arms (Otime% ), time on EZM open arms ( Otime), time on EZM closed arms (Ctime), percentage of entries into EZM open arms (Oentries% ), entries into EZM open arms (Oentries), entries into EZM closed arms (Centries), total entries into EZM open and closed arms (Entries). Subsequently, the intraclass corre-lation coefficient ( ICC) and the kappa agreement index ( κ) were calculated for these parameters. Results ICC for Otime%(♂ ICC = 0. 753,P < 0. 01;♂ + ♀ ICC = 0. 535,P < 0. 05), Otime (♂ ICC = 0. 753, P < 0. 01; ♂ + ♀ ICC = 0. 535, P <0. 05), Ctime ( ♂ ICC = 0. 753, P < 0. 01; ♂ + ♀ ICC =0. 535, P < 0. 05), and Oentries (♂ ICC = 0. 719, P < 0. 01;♀ ICC = 0. 494, P < 0. 05; ♂ + ♀ ICC = 0. 583, P < 0. 01), Centries (♀ ICC = 0. 658, P < 0. 01; ♀ ICC = 0. 508, P <0. 05; ♂ + ♀ ICC = 0. 562, P < 0. 01), Entries ( ♂ ICC =0. 691, P < 0. 01; ♀ ICC = 0. 502, P < 0. 05; ♂ + ♀ ICC =0. 574, P < 0. 05) showed a good and fair test-retest reliability, respectively. Only κ for Otime% (♂ κ = 0. 393, P < 0. 05), Ctime (♂ κ = 0. 393, P < 0. 05), Oentries (♂ κ = 0. 308, P< 0. 05; ♂ + ♀ κ = 0. 256, P < 0. 05), Centries ( ♂ κ =0. 427, P < 0. 01; ♂ + ♀ κ = 0. 238, P < 0. 05), Entries (♂κ = 0. 469, P < 0. 01) displayed a significant but poor reliability between the test-retest trials. Conclusions The parameters Otime% and Entries for Kunming mice in EZM are stable over time, and indicate an acceptable reliability with a one-week in-ter-trial interval. Meanwhile, more attention should be paid not to repeated measure effect, but to the sex effect (Male animals recommended to EZM, especially).

Test-Retest Reliability of Word Recognition Score Using Korean Standard Monosyllabic Word Lists for Adults as a Function of the Number of Test Words

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose was to establish the test-retest reliability of word recognition score (WRS) using Korean standard monosyllabic word lists for adults (KS-MWL-A) recently developed based on the international standard for speech audiometry (ISO 8253-3:2012). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects consisted of 159 adults aged to 18 to 25 years with normal hearing sensitivity. WRSs were obtained in 2 dB steps from the level of speech recognition thresholds to the level of 86% correct responses or greater. After one or two weeks, retest was performed. Correlation, confidence interval (CI) and prediction interval (PI) were calculated for the reliability. RESULTS: Correlation coefficients were 0.88 for 50 test words, 0.76 for 25 and 0.61 for 10 words. Results also showed that 95% CIs and PIs were narrower for 25 and 50 test words than those for 10 test words. CONCLUSIONS: Korean WRS using the KS-MWL-A has high reliability for 25 and 50 test words, but relatively low for 10 words. It suggested that 95% CIs for each test words would be criteria for significant differences in WRS for groups and 95% PIs at each score of WRS could be utilized for a considerable difference for each individual at retest.

Features and Test-retest Reliability of Plantar Pressure Distribution in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation in Walking / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the features of gait in patients with lumbar disc herniation suffering low back pain radiating to the unilateral lower limbs during walking, and estimate the test-retest reliability of the plantar pressure distribution. Methods 32 patients of lumbar disc herniation with low back pain radiating to the unilateral lower limb were tested with the Footscan plantar system during normal walking for 5 times. The gait phases, contacting time of every plantar region and maximum force were recorded in both the uneffected and the affected lower limbs in patients. The reliability was estimated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results There were significant differences between the uneffected and the affected lower limbs in the gait phase except for the Initial Contact Phase. The Forefoot Contact Phase and Foot Flat Phase of the affected lower limbs were obvious shorter than the uneffected ones (P<0.01), while the Forefoot Push Off Phase was longer (P<0.01). Except for the region of Metatarsal 5, the contacting time of every plantar region of the affected lower limbs were lower than the uneffected ones (P<0.05). The maximum force of regions of Metatarsal 4, Metatarsal 5 and Heel Lateral were lower in the affected limbs than the uneffected ones (P<0.05). ICCs of gait phase, the contacting time of every plantar region and maximum force were generally over 0.76. Conclusion Differences were found in gait phase, the contacting time of every plantar region and maximum force between the uneffected and the affected lower limbs in patients with lumbar disc herniation. All the variables are reliable for test-retest.