Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in amblyopia

Purpose: To report retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in eyes with amblyopia compared with contralateral healthy eyes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included patients with anisometropic amblyopia, strabismic amblyopia, and mixed amblyopia. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination, including RNFLT measurement with time-domain OCT (Stratus OCT) and scanning laser polarimeter (GDX VCC). A paired “t” test was used to compare average and quadrant-wise RNFL thickness between the amblyopic and contralateral normal eyes. In addition, an analysis of variance test was used to compare various RNFL thickness parameters between the three groups. Results: A total of 33 eyes of 33 subjects with anisometropic amblyopia, 20 eyes of 20 subjects with strabismic amblyopia, and 38 eyes of 38 subjects with mixed amblyopia were included. In the anisometropic amblyopia group, the average RNFLT in the amblyopic eye was 98.2 ?m and 99.8 ?m in the fellow normal eye (P = 0.5), the total foveal thickness was 152.82 ?m (26.78) in the anisometropic eye and 150.42 ?m (23.84) in the fellow eye (P = 0.38). The difference between amblyopic and contralateral normal eye for RNFL and macular parameters was statistically insignificant in all three groups. The RNFL thickness in four quadrants was similar in the amblyopic and non-amblyopic eye between all three groups and statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Our study showed that RNFL thickness was similar in amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes between all three amblyopia groups

Clinical studies of early diabetic macular morphology and visual function changes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To analyze the changes in contrast sensitivity of macular nerve fiber layer and visual function and macular visual field in diabetic patients before diabetic retinopathy.<p>METHODS: Case-control study, from Jan 2015 to Jan 2017 choose 59 cases of type 2 diabetes without diabetic retinopathy were selected as the observation group, 40 normal persons and 40 patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy were selected as the control group. The morphology of the nerve fiber layer in the macular area, the contrast sensitivity of visual function, and the threshold of macular field were compared and analyzed.<p>RESULTS: The average thickness of the fovea(FT)in normal group, DR0 group and DR1 group were 244.45±22.863, 237.53±18.240, 240.78±23.946μm. There was no statistically significant difference in the average FT, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in foveal central field(RNFL-C), RNFL thickness in perifovea among the three groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). The foveal volume(FV), RNFL thickness in parafove between the three groups was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). Visual function contrast sensitivity test: the differences in contrast sensitivity of normal group, DR0 group and DR1 group at 3, 6, 12, 18c/d spatial frequency were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). Visual function of macular field: the difference in visual acuity threshold of the macular centers MS, MS1-4, MS5-16, MS1-16 in the normal group, DR0 group and DR1 group is statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Before diabetic retinopathy, diabetic patients will have macular nerve fiber thinning and fovea volume reduction, visual function contrast sensitivity decline and visual field changes. OCT, contrast sensitivity and visual field examination can be diabetic retinopathy. Early screening and intervention provide important evidence.

The effect of optical magnification during retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement in different degrees of myopia by using frequency domain OCT / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of optical magnification on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL)thickness in different degrees of myopia by using spectral domain optical coherence tonmography (SD-OCT).Methods A retrospective case control study was designed.Eighty-five healthy people who underwent myopia correction and physical examination in the ophthalmology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September to December in 2017 were selected,one eye was randomly selected from each subject.All the subjects were divided into 20 cases of emmetropic group,21 cases of low myopia group,20 cases of moderate myopia group,and 24 cases of high myopia group according to diopter.The visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity,slit lamp microscopy,fundoscopy,intraocular pressure and axial measurement,SD-OCT and visual field examination were performed on all the subjects.The difference of the mean RNFL and the thickness of the peripapillary quadrants among different groups,and relationship between RNFL and length of eye axis or diopter were analyzed before and after the correction of optical magnification.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki.Results Before optical magnification correction,the average thickness of average,upper,lower and nasal quadrants RNFL were negatively correlated with the length of ocular axis (r =-0.595,-0.493,-0.639,-0.500;all at P =0.000),positively correlated with the diopter (r =0.005,0.565,0.600,0.464;all at P =0.000);the thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL was positively correlated with the length of ocular axis (r--0.683,P =0.000),negatively correlated with the diopter (r =-0.730,P =0.000).After optical magnification correction,the thickness of average,upper,lower and nasal quadrants RNFL had no correlation with the length of ocular axis and diopter (all at P＞0.05);the thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL was positively correlated with the length of ocular axis (r =0.840,P =0.000),negatively correlated with the diopter (r=-0.855,P =0.000).Before optical magnification correction,the thickness of average,upper,lower and nasal quadrants RNFL in emmetropic group were significantly higher than those of the other three groups (all at P＜0.05).The thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL was significantly lower than those in the other three groups (all at P＜0.05).The thickness of average,upper,lower and nasal quadrants RNFL in high myopia group were significantly lower than those in low myopia group and moderate myopia group (all at P ＜ 0.05),while the thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL was significantly higher than those in low myopia group and moderate myopia group (all at P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in RNFL thickness between low myopia group and moderate myopia group (all at P＞0.05).After optical magnification correction,the thickness of average,upper,lower and nasal quadrants RNFL showed no significant differences among the 4 groups (all at P＞0.05).The thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL was significantly different among the 4 groups (F =58.313,P =0.000).Conclusions When measuring RNFL thickness in myopic eyes by SD-OCT,the longer the axial length,the more obvious the optical magnification effect.The thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL increases in high myopia patients,so glaucoma should be vigilant when the thickness of temporal quadrant RNFL decreases.

Clinical effect of P50 EX-PRESS drainage nail combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation in the treatment of POAG / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To probe into the treatment effects of P50 EX-PRESS drainage nail combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).<p>METHODS: Totally 96 cases of 96 eyes with POAG and who treated from March 2013 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects, and the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by the random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. The control group was implanted with P50 EX-PRESS drainage nail only, while the observation group were treated with biological amniotic membrane implantation on the basis of the control group. Then, the changes of intraocular pressure, retinal nerve fiber thickness(RNFLT), complications and success rate of operation before operation and after the operation for 7d, 1mo and 3mo of two groups of patients were observed.<p>RESULTS: The proportion of functional filtering blebs after operation for 3mo in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). There was no difference in preoperative intraocular pressure and RNFLT between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). The intraocular pressure and RNFLT after operation for 7d, 1mo and 3mo in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group and the control group were 12% and 25% respectively(<i>P</i>>0.05). The success rates of operation in observation group and control group were 96% and 75% respectively(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION:The application of P50 EX-PRESS drainage nail combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation for POAG, which the clinical effects are satisfactory, and which can improve the condition of filtering blebs, reduce intraocular pressure and RNFLT, thus it has good safety and high success rate.

Role of the optic disc parameters and retinal thickness measured by frequency domain OCT in early glaucoma diagnosis / 眼科新进展

Objective To explore the roles of frequency domain OCT in measuring the retinal thickness around the optic disc and optic disc parameters in early glaucoma diagnosis.Methods The optic disc parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the 40 healthy volunteers (control group) and 85 cases of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG),including 36 patients as the early glaucoma subgroup and 49 patients as the glaucoma evolutum subgroup,were measured by frequency domain OCT.Then,the correlation analysis of RNFL thickness,optic disc parameters and the mean deviation (MD) of visual field in each group was performed,and the area under the curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of RNFL thickness around the optic disc and optic disc parameters in the diagnosis of glaucoma.Results The RNFL thickness and the complete cycle mean RNFL thickness in the temporal,upper,nasal and inferior quadrant in the glaucoma patients were significantly lower than those in the controls (all P ＜ 0.05),and the above indexes in the glaucoma evolutum subgroup were significantly decreased compared with those in the early glaucoma subgroup (all P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the optic disc parameters between the groups except the optic disc area (all P ＜ 0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed the RNFL thickness and the complete cycle mean RNFL thickness in the temporal,upper and inferior quadrant were negatively correlated with the MD in the glaucoma patients (all P ＜ 0.05),and the parameter of optic cup volume and cup/disc area ratio were positively correlated with the MD (both P ＜ 0.05),and the rim area,rim volume and disc volume were negatively correlated with MD (all P ＜ 0.05).The ROC curve analysis showed that the largest area under the curve of RNFL thickness in the inferior quadrant of the optic disc region was 0.886,and the specificity and sensitivity was 0.775 and 0.924,respectively.Moreover,the area under the curve of the optic cup/optic disc area was the largest,with sensitivity and specificity of 0.741 and 0.815,respectively.Conelusion OCT for measuring optic disc structure and RNFL thickness can be used for early diagnosis of glaucoma,and it has a high sensitivity and specificity.

Thicknesses of Macular Retinal Layer and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Patients with Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

This prospective study was performed to measure the macular and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with anisometropic amblyopia. Thirty-one patients with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia were included. The macular retinal thickness and the peripapillary RNFL thickness were measured using OCT. The mean refractive error was +3.71 diopters (D) and +1.00 D, the mean macular retinal thickness was 252.5 micrometer and 249.7 micrometer, and the mean RNFL thickness was 115.2 micrometer and 109.6 micrometer, in the amblyopic eye and the normal eye, respectively. OCT assessment of RNFL thickness revealed a significantly thicker RNFL in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia (P=0.019), but no statistically significant difference was found in macular retinal thickness (P> 0.05). In conclusion, the amblyopic process may involve the peripapillary RNFL, but not the macula. However, further evaluation is needed.