Role of Glut-1 in Tumor Progression and Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Oral cancer, one of the most common cancers worldwide constitutes a major public health problem and is one of the leading cancer sites among men and women in India. Increased uptake of glucose in cancer cells are mediated by glucose transporters. Among 14 isoforms of glucose transporters, Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) isoform expression predominate Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Aim: To emphasize the expression of GLUT-1 in OSCC and to assess its role in tumor progression and prognosis. Materials and Methods: Hand searching and electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline, Google scholar and Science- Direct were done for mesh terms such as OSCC, GLUT-1, prognosis, tumor markers, prognostic marker and risk predictor. Studies were pooled and relevant articles were evaluated. Results: Final analysis identified thirteen articles after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These studies evalu- ated 926 OSCC cases and 70 healthy controls for GLUT-1 immunoexpression. The data was extracted and evaluated manu- ally. GLUT-1 expression was found to be elevated in OPMDs and OSCC than in healthy controls. The pattern of expression of GLUT-1, its correlation with clinico-pathological features, role in tumour progression and prognosis, expression in tumor invasive front, correlation with other markers and role in therapeutics are also discussed in detail

Relación entre los factores clínico patológicos y enfermedad ganglionar inguinal en cáncer de pene / Relation between clinical pathological factors and inguinal node disease in pennies cancer

Determinar la relación entre factores clínicopatológicos y enfermedad ganglionar inguinal en cáncer de pene, en los pacientes del Instituto de Oncología “Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño”. Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, transversal, de 76 pacientes con cáncer de pene1995-2011. Un total de 76 pacientes, 20 (26,31%) entre los 51-60 años, siendo el grupo etario con mayor incidencia; el estadio más frecuentemente el IIIB con 23 casos (30,26%), histología predominante carcinoma epidermoide 62 casos (81,57%); la invasión angiolinfática positiva 37 pacientes y 19 casos (51,35%), presentaron metástasis ganglionar inguinal, y 31 casos (45,58%) sin invasión angiolinfática 0% de metástasis. Grado histológico: Los tumores GI 41 de 76 casos (54%), el 29,2% (12 casos) se presentó con metástasis inguinal, los tumores GII y GIII el 77% (17 casos), y 100% (5 casos) respectivamente; en relación al (T), grado histológico y metástasis inguinales, los T1G1 fueron los más frecuentes, con 22 casos, solo 1 de ellos con metástasis, de los T2, los T2G2 fue el de mayor frecuencia con 8 casos, 6 de ellos, con metástasis ganglionar inguinal, los T3G1, estuvo conformado por 10 pacientes, siendo el de mayor número de pacientes, 5 de ellos presentaron metástasis ganglionar inguinal; el resto de T3 y T4 presentaron MT. El grado histológico asociado a la profundidad de invasión y la invasión linfovascular son factores predictivos importantes de enfermedad ganglionar en cáncer de pene.

To determine the relationship between the clinics pathological factors and the presence of inguinal nodal disease in penile cancer in patients view in the Oncology Institute Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño. Retrospective, descriptive and transversal investigation, with 76 patients with diagnostic of penile cancer view between the years 1995-2011. A total of 76 patients, 20 (26.31%) between 51-60 years old, and the age group with the highest incidence, stage IIIB more frequently with 23 cases (30.26%), squamous cell carcinoma predominant histology 62 cases (81.57%), positive angio lymphatic invasion in 37 patients and 19 (51.35%) had inguinal lymph node metastases, and 31 cases (45.58%) without groin metastases, as to histological grade, tumors GI 41 of 76 cases (54%), 29.2% (12 cases) presented with inguinal metastases, GII and GIII tumors 77% (17 cases), and 100% (5 cases) respectively, in terms of the (T), histological grade and metastatic inguinal T1G1 were the most frequent, with 22 cases, only 1 patient with metastasis, the T2, the T2G2 had the highest frequency of 8 cases 6 of them, with inguinal lymph node metastasis, the T3G1, consisted of 10 patients, with the largest number of patients, 5 of them presented inguinal lymph node metastasis, the rest of T3 and T4 showed metastases. The histological grade associated with the depth of invasion and lymph vascular invasion are important predictors of nodal disease in penile cancer.

Conocimientos y actitudes sobre educación vial: predictores de riesgo en escolares de educación primaria, sus madres y profesores: Ica-Perú / Knowledge and attitudes about road safety education: predictors of risk. In primary school, their mothers and teachers: Ica - Perú

Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, transversal. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes sobre Educación Vial, en escolares de Educación Primaria, madres y profesores, como predictores de riesgo de accidentes de tránsito. Métodos. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente: 4/14 distritos de la Provincia de lea, 13 colegios y 175 alumnos del segundo al sexto grado, aplicándoseles cuestionario ad-hoc, así como a sus madres (90) y profesores (104). Directores de los colegios, fueron entrevistados sobre actividades de educación vial. La validez y confiabilidad del cuestionario, se realizó en base a juicios de expertos, prueba piloto y prueba alfa de Crombach (.762). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó SPSS 14, determinándose: frecuencias, porcentajes y análisis factorial (pruebas KMO y de Bartlett). Resultados: El análisis factorial reveló: en escolares, conocimientos y actitudes inadecuadas sobre señales de tránsito (.760), tendencia a cruzar por zona no peatonal (.763) y placer por la velocidad (.600); en madres y profesores, puntuaciones más significativas. Los Directores informaron no existencia de curso específico en el plan de estudio. Conclusiones: Los predictores de riesgo más relevantes se relacionan a: no respetar señales de tránsito, no utilizar zonas peatonales y placer por la velocidad. Recomendándose programas de educación vial a la comunidad en su conjunto.

In this prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, research. Objective: To determine level ofknowledge and attitudes about road education in primary schoolchildren, mothers and teachers, as predictors of risk of traffic accidents. Methods: There were randomly selected: 4/14 districs ofthe province ofIca, 13 schools and 175 students from second to sixth grade, applying to them ad-hoc questionnaire, and their mothers (90) and teachers (104). Directors of schools, were interviewed about road safety education activities. The validity and reliability ofthe questionnaire were made based on expert opinions, pilot test and Crombach alpha test (.762). The statistical analysis was used SPSS14, determining: frequencies, percentages and factor analysis (KMO and Bartlett test). Results: The factor anlysis showed: in schoolchilds, inadequate knowledge and attitudes about traffic signs (.760), a tendency to cross by no pedestrian zone (.763) and enjoy the speed (.600), in mothers and teachers, scores more significant. Directors reported no existence of specific course in the curriculum. Conclusions: The predictors of risk are related to the most important: do not respect traffic signals, do not use pedestrian gones and enjoy the speed. Recommended driver education programs to the community as a whole.

ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor: An exploring link to periodontal diseases.

Background: The presence or absence of blood group antigens has been associated with various diseases, with antigens also acting as receptors for infectious agents. Scanty literature is available in assessing the relative liability of blood group phenotypes to periodontal diseases. This research was conducted to determine the association of the ABO blood group and Rhesus (Rh) factor to periodontal diseases to assess whether they could be the predictors of periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,220 subjects aged between 20 and 55 years were selected on a random basis. The study populations were segregated into three groups according to Ramfjord's periodontal disease index: Healthy, Gingivitis and Periodontitis. Blood samples were collected to identify the ABO blood groups and the Rh factor by the slide method. Results: Blood group A showed a significantly higher percentage in the gingivitis group and blood group O showed a higher percentage in the periodontitis group. The blood group AB showed the least percentage of periodontal diseases. The distribution of Rh factor in all groups showed a significantly higher distribution of Rh-positive. Conclusion: The genetic factors may alter the oral ecology and the process of periodontal disease. These data are suggestive of a broad correlation between periodontal diseases and blood groups, which may act as risk predictors for periodontal diseases. This will make it possible to better-understand the risk factors of diseases of the periodontal tissues and to predict the effective methods of prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.

A Study on the Predictors of Hypertension in the Immediate Postoperative Period / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Hypertension in the immediate postoperative period, if sufficiently high, can cause left heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage. The causes of postoperative hypertension are hypertension history, pain, hypoxia, emergence excitement, reaction to endotracheal tube, hypothermia, excess fluid administration, hypercarbia, etc. To know the predictable factors for the postoperative hypertension the authors tried to investigate perioperative patient care of the postoperative hypertensive cases. METHODS: One hundred twenty surgical patients in both sexes between the age of 40~60 were sampled randomly and devided into two groups. The normotensive (N) group included the patients with postoperative blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg and the hypertensive (H) group, above 140/90 mmHg. The incidence of hypertension history, hypertension on admission, hypertension on ward, change of systolic blood pressure above 20% during surgery, intra or postoperative use of antihypertensives or inotropic agents were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The incidence of history of hypertension was higher in H group (20%) than N group (6.7%). Hypertension on admission was higher in H group (43.3%) than N group (23.3%). Systolic blood pressure change above 20% was only in H group (6.7%). Use of antihypertensive was more frequent in H group (33.3%) than N group (3.3%) and use of inotropic agents was only in N group (8.3%). The blood pressure at ward, preinduction, and after induction were higher in H group. Within the group the blood pressure between preinduction and after induction has no difference. CONCLUSION: Immediate postoperative hypertension can be expected in case of history of hypertenion, hypertension on admission (above 140/90 mmHg), change of systolic blood pressure above 20%, use of antihypertensive during operation, and hypertension just before induction.