Incisivo lateral superior con dos raíces y dos conductos: caso clínico / Upper lateral incisor with two roots and two canals: a clinical case

Las anomalías en la morfología del incisivo lateral superior son de muy baja frecuencia. Las anomalías de desarrollo radicular pueden presentarse como alteraciones tanto en el número de conductos, como en el número de raíces, así como en ambas regiones a la vez. En el presente trabajo, se reporta el caso de un paciente que se presenta a la consulta con malestar en el incisivo lateral superior izquierdo. En laradiografía preoperatoria se detectó la presencia de dos conductos y dos raíces, sin anomalía morfológica de su corona clínica, con requerimiento de tratamiento endodóntico. Concluimos que una correcta interpretación de las imágenes radiográficas preoperatorias es esencial, para poder detectar estas variantes y tomar las consideraciones necesarias para el adecuado tratamiento endodóntico

Abnormalities in the morphology of the maxillary lateral incisor are very low frequency. Root development abnormalities can occur as alterations in the number of ducts and the number of roots, as well as two regions at once. In this paper, we report the case of a patient presenting with discomfort in the upper left lateral incisor. In preoperative radiography, we detected the presence of two channels and two roots, without morphological abnormality in clinical crown, with endodontic treatment requirement. We conclude that a correct interpretation of preoperative radiographic imaging is essential in order to detect these variants and take the necessary considerations for proper endodontic treatment.

Conjoined Lumbosacral Nerve Roots without Disc Herniation: Case Report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Anomalies of the lumbosacral nerve roots, in which conjoined nerve roots are most common, are occasionally accompanied by herniated nucleus pulposus. Most of these anomalies were incidental findings from operations, and recent advances in diagnostic imaging techniques have increased the number of cases of lumbosacral root anomalies reported. All these anomalies are congenital, unilateral and almost exclusively situated at the L5-S1 segment. Diagnostic techniques, such as myelography, CT and MRI detect conjoined nerve root. Conjoined nerve root may be confused with a dumbbell tumor or extruded free disc fragment on CT scans. Surrounded by high-signal intensity epidural fat, a conjoined nerve root is more clearly depicted on MR images than on CT scans. Although the size of disc herniation was small, the symptom was magnified by a relatively fixed conjoined root. At surgery, it is necessary for a larger surgical exposure by means of hemi-laminectomy because of the fixation of the nerve roots, and difficulty in retraction. Recently, we experienced two cases of conjoined nerve root and presented them with a review of the literature.