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Background: Obesity is one of the most common disorders encountered in clinical practice and has major public health implications. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi school children is a cause of concern, as obesity is associated with several complications that increase both morbidity and mortality. Aims & Objective: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children between 6-12 years as well as to identify the associated unhealthy dietary habits for overweight and obesity. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted including representative sample of primary schoolboys in Al-Iskan sector in Makkah Almukarramah. The sample size was distributed among the three primary school in Al-Iskan sector and determined as a percentage proportionally related to the total number of the student in each school. Self-administered questionnaire (with family help) including socio-demographic characteristic and detailed dietary history, was used for data collection. Trained staff collected anthropometric measurements of weight and height. Results: The study included 258 male primary school children. Their age ranged between 6 and 12 years. The prevalence of overweight was12.4% and that of obesity was 20.2%. Among studied socio-demographic variables associated with overweight and obesity, birth weight above normal was significantly associated with them (p<0.05) while among studied dietary factors, eating fried potatoes and chocolate at a rate more than normal was significantly associated with overweight and obesity among male school children. The habit of eating fast foods frequently (at least three times/week) was accompanied with higher prevalence of obesity (30.4%) compared to only 8% among school children who did not eat fast foods. This association between BMI and habit of eating fast foods was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study provide alarming evidence-based data on the considerable prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity among primary school children in Al-Iskan sector, Holly Makkah, Saudi Arabia. It highlights the significant association between some unhealthy dietary habits and increase prevalence of childhood obesity such as excessive eating of fried potatoes, chocolate and frequent fast meals.
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Objectives To determine knowledge of sexual harassment and abuse among schoolboys aged 14 to 19 years, assess prevalence, frequency and severity of various types of sexual harassment and abuse, assess frequency of reporting incidents of sexual harassment and abuse to a trustworthy person, determine reasons for non-reporting and determine characteristics specific to sexually abused schoolboys. Design A descriptive cross sectional study Method Data was collected from 242 schoolboys aged 14-19 years from 2 Colombo district schools using a pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire. Results Among the 242 students surveyed, 3.7% had knowledge on sexual harassment and 31% had knowledge on sexual abuse. 190 (78.5%) students had experienced sexual harassment and 53 (21.9%) had experienced sexual abuse. Commonest type of sexual abuse was oral sex with a prevalence of 9.5%. 10.7% students had been subjected to penetrative sex. Commonest reason for not reporting an incident of sexual harassment and sexual abuse was fear. Prevalence of sexual abuse was highest in the lower social class. Mother working abroad, being separated from both mother and father, not having any reliable friends were possible risk factors for being subjected to sexual abuse. Conclusions Prevalence of sexual abuse in schoolboys exceeds global figures. Prevalence of sexual harassment is on par with global figures. Knowledge on sexual harassment was extremely low and on sexual abuse relatively low.
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Objective To explore the effect of serum leptin on puberty development in schoolboys.Methods 170 health schoolboys were investigated on the first spermatorrhea time and detected the levels of serum leptin, testosterone,follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH). Case-controlled study was carried by multivariable logistic regression in puberty development of schoolchildren with and without spermatorrhea. Meanwhile, follow-up studies on the independent influencing factors on the puberty development were applied to this investigation in continuous two years.Results The levels of serum leptin, testosterone,FSH and LH of schoolboys with spermatorrhea were significantly higher than those of schoolboys without spermatorrhea. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the serum leptin,testosterone, FSH, and bodyweight were the independent influence factors in puberty of the schoolboy.The levels of serum leptin,testosterone of pre-spermatorrhea schoolboys were significantly higher than schoolboys without spermatorrhea.Conclusions Serum leptin,testosterone, FSH, and bodyweight were the independent influence factors in puberty of the schoolboy.The levels of serum leptin and testosterone had obviously changed before spermatorrhea.