The position of the fibular sesamoid bone of hallux valgus was assessed by weight-bearing anteroposterior and sesamoid axial radiographs / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in the position of the fibular sesamoid bone with hallux valgus aggravated under two conditions:the foot bearing anteroposterior radiography(reflecting the static bearing state of the foot)and the sesamoid bone bearing axial radiography(reflecting the foot movement state).Methods Seventy-four feet with clinically suspected hallux valgus were finally enrolled in 49 feet,including 14 in the mild group,23 in the moderate group,and 12 in the severe group.Three indica-tors were measured on anteroposterior and axial radiographs:the position of the fibular sesamoid bone in anteroposterior radiographs(SP)and sesamoid axial position(SAP),and the rotation angle of the fibular sesamoid articular surface(RAf).The vertical distance between the fibular sesamoid bone and the second metatarsal bone was used to represent the position of the fibular sesamoid bone,then the position of the fibular sesamoid in the anteroposterior and axial positions was specifically marked as SPf-2 and SAPf-2.To cor-rect the anatomical differences of each foot,the ratio of the measured distance index to the length of the second metatarsal bone(AB),namely SPf-2/AB,SAPf-2/AB,was included in the statistical analysis.Results SPf-2/AB and SAPf-2/AB had no significant difference between hallux valgus groups(P＞0.05).The mean values of SPf-2/AB and SAPf-2/AB were significantly different(P＜0.05).RAf was positively correlated with hallux valgus angle(HVA)(r=0.725,P＜0.001),increased as HVA increased.Conclusion Both weight-bearing anteroposterior and sesamoid axial radiographs(foot at rest and in motion),the position of the fibular sesamoid bone is not affected by hallux valgus,and the distance from the center of the fibular sesamoid bone to the second metatarsal bone remains unchanged.The position of the fibular sesamoid bone is not the same between the anteroposterior and axial radiographs,so it is necessary to evaluate the position of the fibular sesamoid bone in the two states respectively and combine the two methods.RAf increases with the increase of HVA in axial view,it is considered that although the central position of the fibular sesamoid bone remains the same under foot movement,it does reverse spin movement toward the tibial side with the aggravation of hallux valgus.

Relationship between fabella and posterolateral knee pain and common peroneal nerve injury / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the incidence and characteristics of fabella in the Chinese population and its correlation with pain in the posterolateral region of the knee joint and common peroneal nerve palsy.@*METHODS@#Total 732 patients including 405 males(450 knees) and 327 females(383 knees) who underwent unilateral or bilateral knee MR imaging from September 2015 to July 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. The basic information of all patients was extracted from the hospital's his system. The patient's medical records were checked by telephone follow-up or his system, and the number of patients with posterolateral knee pain and common peroneal nerve paralysis were recorded.@*RESULTS@#The overall prevalence of fabella was 48.38%, 23.53% in men and 24.85% in women, there was no significant difference between them (@*CONCLUSION@#The prevalence of fabella us in Chinese population is 48.38%. There is no relationship between the incidence of gastrocnemius and gender, but the incidence of fabella is positively correlated with age, pain in the posterolateral region of the knee joint and the occurrence of common peroneal nerve symptoms.

Estudio histoquímico de la distribución de las fibras de colágeno en hueso sesamoídeo distal de equinos con y sin síndrome navicular / Histochemical study of the distribution of collagen fibers on distal sesamoid bone in equine with and without navicular syndrome

La significancia funcional de cualquier relación que exista entre la orientación de las fibras de colágeno y la tensión ejercida sobre una estructura ósea dependerá de la influencia de estos parámetros microestructurales sobre las propiedades biomecánicas del hueso y su capacidad de adaptarse. Se estudió la localización del colágeno en el hueso sesamoídeo distal (HSD) de la mano en equinos con Síndrome Navicular para observar cómo este refleja las demandas biomecánicas ejercidas por la tensión que ejerce el tendón del músculo flexor digital profundo sobre la articulación interfalángica distal. Se utilizaron las tinciones hematoxilina-eosina-azul alcián, y Rojo Picrosirius de Junqueira. La birrefringencia de colágeno óseo fue determinada utilizando microscopía de luz polarizada. La remodelación del HSD resultó en la formación de osteonas secundarias transversales orientados en una dirección lateral a medial y el colágeno óseo se orientó de manera similar. Estos resultados proporcionan evidencia de la existencia de una relación entre la función mecánica de un hueso con su arquitectura, incluso demuestra que esta se extiende hasta el nivel molecular.

The functional significance of any relationship exists between the orientation of the collagen fibers and the strain on a bone structure depend on the influence of these microstructural parameters on the biomechanical properties of bone and its ability to adapt. Localization of collagen was studied in the distal sesamoid bone (DSB) in in equine foot with Navicular Syndrome to see how this reflects the biomechanical demands by the tension exerted by the tendon of the deep digital flexor muscle on the joint distal interphalangeal. Hematoxylin-eosin-alcian blue staining, and Red Picrosirius of Junqueira were used. The birefringence of bone collagen was determined using polarized light microscopy. The remodeling of DSB resulted in the formation of transverse secondary osteons oriented lateral to medial and bone collagen was oriented in similar direction. These results provide evidence for the existence of a relationship between the mechanical function of a bone with the architecture, and shows further that this extends up to the molecular level.

Morfometría, planimetría y estereología en el hueso sesamoídeo distal en manos de equinos con y sin síndrome navicular / Morphometry, planimetry and stereology in the distal sesamoid bone in equine foot with and without navicular syndrome

El Síndrome Navicular (SN) es una patología claudicógena bilateral crónica, degenerativa y progresiva, que compromete alhueso sesamoídeo distal (HSD), labolsa podotroclear, ligamentosy a las superficies adyacentes al tendón del músculo flexor digitalprofundo en manos de equinos. La hipótesis de que las características morfológicas del HSD en la mano de equinos varían en aquellos que presentan SN fue evaluada en este estudio. Para determinar cambios morfológicos en el HSD en manos de equinos con SN se realizó un estudio morfométrico, planimétrico y estereológico. Fueron evaluados dos grupos: No Afectadas (n=11) y Síndrome Navicular (n=11). Se evaluaron variables tales como peso, volumen, mediciones lineales, área y parámetros estereológicos tales como densidad de número (NA), volumen (VV) y superficie (SV). Los resultados obtenidos indican que a pesar de existir un proceso patológico e inflamatorio en la región del HSD que induce cambios mesoscópicos y microscópicos atribuibles a SN, no lograrían modificar sus características macroscópicas.

Navicular Syndrome (NS) is a chronic, degenerative and progressive bilateral claudication pathology, compromising the distal sesamoid bone (DSB), the podotrochlear bursa, ligaments and adjacent surfaces of the tendon of the deep digital flexor muscle of equine foot. The hypothesis that morphological characteristics of HSB in hand of horses vary in those with SN was evaluated in this study. A study was carried out to determine the morphological changes in the DSB in 22 left foot of horses with NS. We realized morphometrical, planimetrical and stereological studies in two groups of horses feet: Not Affected (n=11) and Navicular Syndrome (n=11). The following variables were quantified: weight, volume, linear measurements, area and stereological parameters: densities of number (NA), volume (VV) and surface (SV). Results indicate that although there is a pathological and inflammatory process in the region of DSB which induces mesoscopic and microscopic changes attributable to SN, their gross morphological features were not modified.

Intractable Plantar Keratoses due to Interphalangeal Sesamoid Bone of the Hallux (A Case Report) / 대한족부족관절학회지

A sesamoid bone can occasionally be found under the interphalangeal joint of the hallux. These had anatomical variants and usually remain asymptomatic, it is uncommon for symptomatic cases of painful plantar keratoses or irreducible dislocation of interphalangeal joint of the hallux with incarcerated sesamoid. While the latter has a few cases, the former has not reported in Korea. We experienced a rare case of intractable plantar keratoses due to interphalangeal sesamoid bone of the hallux which may reqire excision.

Prevalence and distribution of sesamoid bones of the hand: a radiographic study in Turkish subjects / Prevalencia y distribución de los huesos sesamoideos de la mano; un estudio radiográfico en sujetos turcos

The purpose of this study was to examine the plain anteroposterior radiographs of the hands in Turkish subjects in order to determine the prevalence of sesamoid bones and their distribution. A total of 923 hand radiographs from 459 men and 464 women with a mean age of 43.76±14.8 years (range, 18-85 years) were examined. Two sesamoid bones (ulnar and radial) were always present at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb (100 percent). One sesamoid bone in the thumb interphalangeal (IP) joint was observed in 21.3 percent of the cases. The prevalence of sesamoid bone of the index and little MCP joint were 36.6 percent and 53.2 percent respectively. Sesamoid bones palmar to the MCP joints of the middle finger and ring finger were rare; the incidence for these locations being 1.3 percent (12 hands) and 0.9 percent (8 hands), respectively. There were no significant differences between left and right hand digits. The distribution of sesamoid bones in different locations between male and female subjects were statistically similar in 1st IP joint (p=0.530), 4th MCP (p=0.631), 5th MCP (p=0.067) joints. However, the sesamoid bones in 2nd MCP and 3rd MCP joints were statistically more frequent in female subjects (p=0.024 and p=0.018 respectively). The present study represents the first report on the prevalence and distribution of sesamoid bones in the hand in Turkish subjects. The prevalence of sesamoid bones in Turkish population is considerably different from the Africans and Europeans, but rather resembles Mediterranean and Arab populations...

El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar radiografías anteroposteriores de manos en sujetos turcos para determinar la prevalencia y distribución de los huesos sesamoideos. Fueron examinadas 923 radiografías de mano, 459 hombres y 464 mujeres, con edad media de 43,76 ± 14,8 años (rango, 18-85 años). Dos huesos sesamoideos (ulnar y radial) estuvieron siempre presentes en la articulación metacarpofalángica (MCF) del primer dedo de la mano (100 por ciento). Un solo hueso sesamoideo en la articulación interfalángica (IP) del primer dedo de la mano se observó en el 21,3 por ciento de los casos. La prevalencia del hueso sesamoideo, índice y articulación MCP fueron fue de 36,6 por ciento y 53,2 por ciento respectivamente. Los huesos sesamoideos palmares a las articulaciones metacarpofalángica del dedo medio y dedo anular eran poco frecuentes, su incidencia fue 1,3 por ciento (12 manos) y 0,9 por ciento (8 manos), respectivamente. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los dígitos izquierdos o derechos. La distribución de los huesos sesamoideos en diferentes lugares entre los sujetos de ambos sexos fueron estadísticamente similares entre las articulaciones primera interfalángica (p = 0,530), cuarta MCP (p = 0,631) y quinta MCP (p = 0,067). Sin embargo, los huesos sesamoideos en las articulaciones segunda MCP y tercera MCP fueron estadísticamente más frecuentes en el sexo femenino (p = 0,024 y p = 0,018, respectivamente). El presente estudio representa el primer informe sobre la prevalencia y distribución de los huesos sesamoideos en la mano en sujetos turcos. La prevalencia de los huesos sesamoideos en la población turca es considerablemente diferente de los africanos y los europeos, pero se asemeja a las poblaciones mediterráneas y árabes...

Prevalência de agenesia do osso sesamóide da articulação metacarpofalangeana, em brasileiros adultos / Agenesis prevalence of the adductor sesamoid of the thumb in Brazilians adults

OBJETIVO: diante da importância do sesamóide no emprego de métodos simplificados para a determinação da maturidade esquelética, julgamos necessário um estudo, em brasileiros adultos, para verificar a porcentagem de presença ou ausência deste ossículo. METODOLOGIA: a amostra constitui-se de 500 indivíduos brasileiros, com idade média de 22,5 (18-33) anos, de ambos os gêneros. A presença ou ausência do osso sesamóide foi verificada mediante a interpretação de radiografias periapicais, tomadas da articulação metacarpofalangena dos dois polegares de cada indivíduo da pesquisa. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: os resultados demonstraram que o osso sesamóide da articulação metacarpofalangeana esteve presente em todos os indivíduos (100 por cento) da amostra, concluindo, desta forma, que não houve agenesia deste osso nesta população avaliada.

AIM: the purpose of this study was to verify the percentage of agenesis of sesamoid bone in a Brazilian adult population. METHODS: the sample consisted of 329 females and 171 males, with mean age of 22.5 (range from 18 to 33 years). The presence or agenesis of sesamoid bone was evaluated through periapical radiographs taken from the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb (left and right) of each subject. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results evidenced that the sesamoid bone was present in 100 percent of the sample, showing that was not found agenesis in these population.