Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children: experts′ consensus statement (Fifth Edition)updated for the Omicron variant / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

China has classified the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) as a statutory category B infectious disease and managed it according to Category B since January 8, 2023.In view that Omicron variant is currently the main epidemic strain in China, in order to guide the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in children with the times, refer to the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Infection (Trial 10 th Edition), Expert Consensus on Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Infection in Children (Fourth Edition) and the Diagnosis and Treatment Strategy for Pediatric Related Viral Infections.The Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Infection in Children (Fifth Edition) has been formulated and updated accordingly on related etiology, epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnosis and treatment, and added key points for the treatment of COVID-19 related encephalopathy, fulminating myocarditis and other serious complications for clinical reference.

Profile of Health Care Workers Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Central District in Kerala with Focus on Infection Control Practices

There were reports of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection cases among health?care workers from all around the world. We did a cross sectional study among 533 COVID19 affected health?care workers. About 87.43% of participants were involved in duties not directly related to COVID?19 management. About 19.6% contracted the disease from their colleagues. About 15% of the affected health?care workers had at least one comorbidity and diabetes mellitus was the most common (5%). 57% of participants presented with fever followed by body ache in 40%. Only 0.4% of the participants needed ventilator support during treatment. 36% of the participants reported household transmission from them. Adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) usage and functioning infection control committee in their hospital were reported by most of the participants. The study points towards the need of adequate PPE use in the nonCOVID settings and the need for periodical assessment of infection control practices.

Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children: experts′ consensus statement (Fourth Edition) / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infections have raged globally for more than 2 years.China has always adopted scientific and effective prevention and control measures to achieved some success.However, with the continuous variation of SARS-CoV-2 cases and imported cases from abroad, the prevention and control work has become more difficult and complex.With the variation of the mutant strain, the number of cases in children changed, and some new special symptoms and complications were found, which proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in China.Based on the third edition, the present consensus according to the characteristics of the new strain, expounded the etiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and according to the clinical characteristics and experience of children′s cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children′s cases for providing reference for further guidance of effective prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in China.

Recent progress in immunoprophylaxis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children younger than 5 years / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Immunoprophylaxis refers to the strategy to enhance specific immunity of the body through artificial methods, which can be divided into active immunization(mainly vaccination) and passive immunization (including maternal vaccination). Vaccination is the most cost-effective measure to prevent and control the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recently, the United States, Costa Rica and Australia have authorized use of the COVID-19 vaccine for children down to 6 months of age.In real-world evaluation, maternal vaccination was associated with a substantial reduction in incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection, the risk of COVID-19 related hospitalization and critical illness among infants younger than 6 months of age.Coupled with these advances in young children, it is possible to achieve the whole population coverage of SARS-CoV-2 immune prevention.