RESUMO
Incidence rate of esophageal cancer is not similar in each country, for example higher incidence in Central Asia, North America and northern Africa. An esophageal cancer in Mongolia is 4th most common cancer after liver, stomach and lung cancers. At first to determine the structure and functional tendency we need to formulate mathematic analysis, processing and reference values of measurements. Formulation consists of 2 main parts that are quantitative and qualitative methods.Goal: By this research study we have aimed to determine pathological types and morphometric indices in esophageal cancer.Materials and Methods: Materials and samples for research study were chosen from biopsies, which were taken for diagnosis of esophageal disease in national center of cancer, Ulaanbaatar city among 1998-2002. These materials were diagnosed by international classification, 2006 of WHO. Totally 286 samples were prepared, here 184 (64.5%) samples were squamous cell carcinoma (well differentiated- 55, moderate differentiated-103, poorly differentiated-26), adenocarcinoma 20 (7%), undifferentiated carcinoma 7 (2.4%), intraepithelial neoplasia 74 (25.9%), low grade neoplasia 9 (3.1%) and high grade neoplasia was 65 (22.8%). Measurement was done by Video test 5.0 of Russia and software SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results: From the result of the study concluded the average indices are increased by 1.5 times in neoplasia cases of squamous epithelium, 2.1 times in well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 3.2 times in moderate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 2 times poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 2.1 times in adenocarcinoma cases and 1.7 times in the undifferentiated carcinoma cases in compare with relatively healthy average volume indices. But in the performed study was not observed a real difference between average volume indices of variable cancer cases. The most high rate of cell volume indices and square indices of nucleus were observed in moderate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases while in undifferentiated carcinoma and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases were lowest rate of cell volume indices were observed.Conclusions: There are considerable signification on caryometrical and stereometrical research of differentiation between esophageal cancer and precancerous diseases.
RESUMO
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in human consist of dysplasia of various developmental stages and squamous cell carcinoma in situ of various types. These lesions can be diagnosed cytologically on cervico-vaginal smears, although the diagnostic reproducibility is limited. To obtain the objects morphologic distinction between normal squamous epithelial cell in different maturation, different stages of dysplastic cells and varieties of in situ carcinoma cells, Kontron IBAS-1 imaging analyzer was applied for the measurement of nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of each categorised cells. The followings are results obtained: 1) Nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of superfical (36.9 micrometer2, 2319.9 micrometer2) intermedicate (45.7 micrometer2, 2989.7 micrometer2) and parabasal cells (50.8 micrometer2, 432.7 micrometer2) of normal squamous epithelium origin are mostly distinctive between cell types. However, cytoplasmic areas of both superficial and intermediate cells and nuclear areas of both intermediate and parabasal cells are not significantly different. 2) Normal squamous cells and various dysplastic cells show obvious difference in their nuclear and cytoplasmic areas, while difference between cytoplasmic areas of both parabasal (432.7 micrometer2) and severe dysplastic cells (409.7 micrometer2) are not statistically significant. 3) No statistical difference is observed in between nuclear areas of both moderate dysplastic (112.3 micrometer2) and severe dysplastic cell (117.6 micrometer2). 4) Varieties of carcinoma in situ cells and severe dysplastic cells are in difference in their nuclear and cytoplastic areas, whereas nuclear areas from both in situ carcinoma cells (95.3 micrometer2) of large cell type and severe dysplasia (117.6 micrometer2) are not distinctive. The results lead the author to consider that the morphometric analysis for various parameters of cell constituents are of value in making objective distinction between cells from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in human.