RESUMO
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is the most common subtype of cervical cancer and it usually accounts for 80-90% of the cases. These carcinomas mostly grow at the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ). The tumour tends to grow outward showing an exophytic growth especially at the squamocolumnar junction outside the external uterine wall whereas cancer tends to grow along the cervical canal showing an endophytic growth pattern where the SCJ is located within the cervical canal. This study has experimentally shown the role of AgNOR and Ki-67 scores in tumour proliferation. Methods: Cervical specimens were obtained and prepared in a specified fashion as described. The samples were de-waxed and staining was done with AgNOR. Then, the AgNOR was counted and scoring was done. Again, the samples were also stained with Ki-67. Results: This study has included 235 cases from the Department of Pathology of Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, India. The mean value of AgNOR count in the Control group came to be 10.62�45 while the mean AgNOR count was found to be 10.62�45, 15.10�79, 18.39�67, 19.75�74 and 19.59�59 for in-Situ SCC, well-differentiated SCC, moderately differentiated SCC, poorly differentiated SCC, SCC with basaloid differentiation, respectively. Conclusion: The study confirmed that AgNOR count increases with a higher grade of malignancy. It was concluded that AgNOR and Ki-67 scores can be used as an efficient predictor of tumour proliferation.
RESUMO
Aims: The aim of this study is to determine association between lymph node metastasis and various clinico-pathological parameters in order to predict their future prognosis of cancer patients.Study Design:Cross sectional study design.Place and Duration of Study:Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad campus, Karachi.Methodology:November 2018 to September 2019.Results:The present study enrolled 140 OSCC patients visiting ZiauddinUniversity of which 30 (21.4%) were females and 110 (78.6%) were male patients. The mean age of patients was 46.99 ± 12.26. The buccal mucosa was the most common site observed 93 (66.4%). The mean size of tumour was 4.05 ± 2.261 mm, mean thickness was 1.70 ±1.32 mm. It was found that lymph node metastasis was not present in 66 (47.1%) of OSCC cases, 22 (15.7%) cases were found N1, 9(6.4%) N2a, 27(19.3%) N2b, 3 (2.1%) and 13(9.3%) N3 Significant association was found between age and lymph node metastasis: (P0.02); however, gender showed no significant association. (P0.149).Thickness of tumor, site of tumor, peri-neural invasion, lympho-vascular invasion and bone penetration showed significant association with lymph node metastasis with (P0.040, 0.021, 0.016, 0.00 and 0.001) respectively.Conclusion:Our study showed significant association of lymph node involvement with tumour staging, tumour thickness, lymphovascular involvement,perineuralinvasion and bone penetration. Our suggestion is to incorporate these clinic-pathological variables while determining the treatment and prognosis of Oral squamous cell Carcinoma(OSCC). Given the very high incidence and prevalence of Oral Cancer in our country and the region further multi-centered researches should be carried out and with larger sample sizes. Early diagnosis and restrictions on smokeless tobacco products can limit the occurrence and progression of OSCC.