A Statistical Observation of Non-Penetrating Ocular Injuries

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical and social characteristics of non-penetrating ocular injuries and use the results for treatment and prevention. METHODS: A retrospective survey was performed on 468 eyes of 421 patients, who visited our clinic due to non-penetrating ocular injuries from January 2010 to December 2010. The incidence of ocular injuries, sex, age, monthly and seasonal distribution, side, cause, influence of alcohol, and change in visual acuity were reviewed statistically. RESULTS: The incidence of non-penetrating ocular injuries was 4.9%. The incidence was more common in males (82.9%), in the 3rd decade of life (23.5%) and in summer (30.8%). Minor injuries (36.1%) were the most common caused by scratches, finger pricks, nails, or small foreign bodies. The second common cause was violence (16.4%), followed by traffic accidents (14.7%). The injuries related to alcohol represented 12.6% of all cases. When considering initial diagnoses, periorbital contusion and corneal abrasion were the most common. The initial visual acuity was less than 20/200 in 9.4% of the eyes and the final acuity after a 6-months of treatment was less than 20/200 in 3.0% of the eyes. CONCLUSIONS: This survey gathered the clinical and social characteristics as well as new insights into non-penetrating ocular injuries which can be used for treatment and prevention.

The Statistical Observation of Ocular Injury

PURPOSE: To investigate the regional characteristics and changing history in the era of ocular injuries, in order to use the results for the treatment and prevention of ocular injuries. METHODS: A retrospective survey was performed with 372 patients, who were hospitalized due to ocular injuries from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2005, using the year 2000 as the divider for establishing the 2 groups. The change of incidence in industrial ocular injuries, sex, age, distribution of season, side, mode, cause, nature, primary ocular surgery, complications, secondary operation, and change in visual acuity were reviewed statistically. RESULTS: The number of patients in group one was 223 and 149 in group two with a greater incidence in males (87.9%). The incidence peaked at the third decade of age in group 1, and at the fifth decade in group 2. The incidence was highest in the autumn in group 1, and in the spring in group 2. Regarding the mode of ocular injury, industrial injury was the most common, and ocular injuries from violence, traffic accidents and sports increased. Within the two groups, the most common cause of injury involved a piece of iron, and the most common surgery was primary corneal closure. The most common complication was corneal opacity. There was no statistical difference in the improvement of visual acuity between the two groups (p=0.251). CONCLUSIONS: This survey gathered the characteristics and changing history in the era of ocular injuries in order to use the results for the treatment and prevention of ocular injuries.

Statistical observation on neonate

A statistical observation was performed on 13,317 cases of neonates who had been delivered at Taegu Catholic Hospital during the past 3 years from Jan, 1st 1988 to Dec. 31st 1990. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 13,317 neonates, the male was 7,234 and the female 6,083, with the sex ratio of male to female being 1.19:1 2) Percentage distribution by birth weight was 5.6% for 2.500gm or less, 3.3% for 4,001gm or more. The mortality rate was 8.4 per 1,000 live births and 61.1% for very low birth weight infants. 57.1% of neonatal death occured within 24 hours after birth and the most common cause of death was prematurity (53.6%). 3) The mean growth data at birth were as following: Weight: 3,253+/-484gm in male, 3,160+/-456gm in female; Height: 50.11+/-2.59cm in male, 49.57+/-2.50cm in female; Head circumference: 33.60+/-1.74cm in male, 33.12+/-1.64cm in female; Chest circumference: 32.83+/-1.83cm in male, 32.41+/-1.75cm in female. 4) Among 13,317 noenates, 352 (2.6%) were under 37 wks and 555 (4.2%) above 42 wks and 92.6% very low birth weight infants under 37 wks. 5) 44.2% of 13,317 neonates, was the highest-density distribution which was between 47.5~52.4cm by length and 3,001~3,500gm by weighing. 6) The admission rate was 13.7% and the causes of admission in order of frequency were neonatal infection (47.9%), premature or low birth weight infant (12.9%), neonatal jaundice (11.3%), asphyxia neonatorum (6.9%), respiratory disress syndrome (5.4%), etc. 7) Among all neonates, 2.2% had neonatal asphyxia (a 1-minute Apgar score of 6 or less). The highest incidence was 19.7% in the breech delivery group by delivery mode and 33.6% in the prematurity by gestational age. 8) The types of delivery in order of frequency were spontaneous vaginal delivery (72.5%), Cesarean section (21.9%), vacuum delivery (5.0%), breech delivery (0.5%) and forceps delivery (0.1%). 9) The incidence of twin babies was 182 (91 pairs), 1.37% of all neonates, 1 pair per 145 neonates. Of all twins, 50.5% were below 2,500gm of birth weight and 20.9% premature. 10) The incidence of neonatal jaundice was 63.0%. Of icteric neonates, 8.2% had pathologic jaundice treated by phototherapy or exchange transfusion. 11) Among all neonates, there were 7,705 cases (57.9%) with high risk factors; the order of frequency was Cesarean section (37.8), meconium stained (13.3%), premature rupture of membranes over 24 hours (12.7%), birth weight 2,500gm or less (9.6%), etc.

Statistical Observation on In-patients of the Department of Urology in the Past 10 years / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Statistical observation was made on in-patients in the Department of Urology, Keimyung University Medical College and Hospital, Taegu, Korea, during the period from August 1, 1970 through July 31, 1980. 1. Among 2,798 cases of in-patients, 2,138 cases were male and 660 cases were female with a ratio of 3.2: 1. Most common diseases were ureter stone (14. 8%), bladder tumor (7.1%) and renal tuberculosis (6.4%) in order. 2. Of 2.798 in-patients, operation was done in 2,226 cases. 3. Of 2,226 operation cases, T.U.R.(15. 1%) was the most common operation: nephrectomy(11. 1%). ureterolithotomy (10. 5%) and hydrocelectomy (7. 1%) were performed.

Statistical Observation on In-patients / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Statistical observation was made on in-patients in the Department of Urology, Inje Medical College, Pusan, Korea, during the period from June 1, 1979 to Aug. 31, 1980. 1. Among 237 cases of in-patients, 177 cases were male and 60 cases were female with a ratio of 3:1. Most common diseases were ureter stone (20. 9%), renal stone (9.4%), hydrocele (7.8%) in order. 2. Of 237 in-patients, operation was done in 178 cases (75%). 3. Of 178 operation cases, ureterolithotomy (15. 7%) was most common operation and nephrectomy (12. 9%), hydrocelectomy (10. 7%) in order.

Statistical Observation on In-patients of the Department of Urology the Past 8 Years / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Statistical observation was made on in-patients in the Department of Urology. Presbyterian Medical Center, Taegu, Korea, during the period from August 1. 1970 through July 31, 1978. 1. Among 1.987 cases of in-patients, 1,505 cases were male and 481 cases were female with a ratio of 3.1: 1. Most common diseases were ureter stones (14.88%), renal tbc. (7. 74%) , bladder tumors ( 7.18%), and B. P. H. (5.7 %) in order. 2. Of 1.987 in-patients, operation was done in 1.532 cases ( 76. 3 %).3. Of 1.532 operation cases, T. U. R. ( 15. 27%) was the most common operation : nephrectomy (11.49%), ureterolithotomy (10.31%) and hydrocelectomy (6.72 %) were performed.

Statistical Observation on In-patients / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical observation was made on 371 in-patients with age distribution, disease entities and operative procedures in the department of Urology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, during the period from January 1st, 1974 to December 31st, 1976.

Statistical Observation on In-Patients / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical observation was made on 244 in-patients with age distribution and operative procedures in the Department of Urology, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, during the period from January 1, 1968 to December 31, 1970.

Statistical Observation on In-patient / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical survey was made on 572 in-patients during the period of January, 1967 to December 1971, in the Department of Urology, Pusan Forces General Hospital, in reference age distribution, diseases, organs and operative procedures. The tables (1~17) text represent the result of the statistical survey and are summarized as follows: The majority of cases (93. 2%) were distributed between the ages 20 and 29. Of 672 in-patients, there were each 117 cases (20. 5%) of genitourinary tuberculosis, 98 cases (17. 1%) of nonspecific epididymitis, 82 cases (14. 3%) of urinary calculi and 67 cases (11.7%) of genitourinary injuries. There were 305 operative procedures including 93 epididymectomy, 63 nephrectomy, 34 ureterolithotomy and 29 hydrocelectomy.

Statistical Observation on In-Patients in the Department of Urology, Presbyterian Medical Center, Taegu, Korea / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical observation was made on 203 in-patients with operative procedures in the Department of Urology, Presbyterian Medical Center, Taegu, Korea during the period between August 1, 1971 and July 31, 1972.

Statistical Observation on In-patient / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical observation was made on 924 in-patients in the Department of Urology, Capital Army Hospital, during the period from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969. The tables(1~l2) in the text represent the results of the statistical survey and are summarized as follows: The majority of the patients(87.1%) were distributed between the ages 20 and 29. Of 924 in-patients, there were 168 cases (18.1%) of non-specific epididymitis, 143 cases (15.4%) of urinary calculus, 128 cases (13.8%) of genito-urinary tuberculosis and 100 cases (10.8%) of genito-urinary trauma. There were 675 operative procedures including 173 epididymectomies, 92 nephrectomies and 89 ureterolithotomies.

Statistical Observation on In-patient(1967~1970) / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A statistical survey was made on 509 inpatients during the period of 3 years and 6 months, 1967-1970, in the Department of Urology, the 17th Army Hospital, in reference to age distribution, monthly distribution on various disease of the G-U tracts and operative procedures. The table in the next represent the result of the observation and are summarized as follows: The majority of the patients 80% was between the ages 21-26 of 509 inpatients, there were 165 cases (32.4%) of G-U tuberculosis, 162 cases (31.6%) of G-U infection, 71 cases (13.9%) of urinary calculus and 70 cases trauma. There were 231 operative procedures including 69 nephrectomies, and 71 epididymectomies.

Statistical Observation of Patients in the Department of Urology. Han Ill Hospital / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Statistical observation was made on 968 out-patients and 74 in-patients in the Department of Urology Han Ill Hospital, during the period from April 1, 1968 to Mar. 31, 1969.