Desigualdades nos indicadores de saúde da mãe e do recém-nascido, no Estado do Paraná / Inequalities in indicators of women and child's health in Paraná State, Brazil

Analisaram-se características dos nascimentos em municípios do Paraná, agrupados em municípios-sede e não-sede de Regional de Saúde (RS), segundo variáveis da mãe, do recém-nascido, da gestação e do parto, contidas no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) de 2006. A razão de prevalência para mães adolescentes (RP=1,24), com baixa escolaridade (RP=2,02), partos não-hospitalares (RP=3,44), menos de quatro consultas de pré-natal (RP=1,22) e raça/cor não-branca (RP=1,71) indica risco para os residentes em municípios não-sede de RS. Por outro lado, o baixo peso ao nascer (RP=0,95), o parto cesáreo (RP=0,91) e a prematuridade (RP=0,87) foram mais frequentes para os residentes em municípios-sede de RS. Em municípios não-sede existe maior dificuldade de acesso a serviços de saúde, devendo os municípios-sede de RS reforçar a vigilância, especialmente aos municípios sob sua responsabilidade que apresentam indicadores considerados de risco à saúde da mulher e da criança.

The study analyzed birth characteristics in municipalities of the State of Paraná, grouped in Health Districts (HD) seat and non-seat municipalities, considering the mother, newborn, pregnancy and childbirths variables of 2006, obtained from the national System of Live Birth Information (Sinasc). The prevalence rate for adolescent mothers (PR=1.24), little schooling (PR=2.02), childbirths outside hospital (PR=3.44), less than four prenatal care appointments (PR=1.22) and African descendent race/color (PR=1.71) indicated risks for the residents in the group of non-seats municipalities. On the other hand, low birth weight (PR=0.95), cesarean deliveries (PR=0.91) and prematurity (PR=0.87) were more frequent among residents of HD seat municipalities. In these municipalities, the population may have less access to health care services, thus HD seat municipalities have to reinforce the surveillance, especially of those municipalities under their responsibility that presented greater risk to the health of children and women.

International Classification of Diseases / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Traditional East Asian medicines, Kampo included, are to be incorporated into International Classification of Diseases11 (ICD-11) which will be released in2015.To understand the significance of this plan, ICD itself needs to be understood. In this article, we describe ICD history, its significance and problems, and why the WHO became interested in traditional medicine. In the beginning, the ICD was only for classifying causes of mortality, and has since expanded to cover disease information according to the diverse needs of a changing society. And in Japan today, it is widely used not only for death certificate and disease information, but also for research purposes. There are many problems with the ICD, however:e.g. it is not clinically convenient, and it lacks certain terminology. Revision from IDC-10 to ICD-11 is now ongoing. It will be expanded and electronic. At the same time, plans are to have it broadly implemented in Asia by including traditional East Asian medicine.