Analysis of mental health status of Hainan residents / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To understand the mental health literacy level of residents in Hainan Province, and to provide evidence for promoting mental health promotion and improving the mental health literacy level of residents. Methods Multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate The National Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire among 6 895 residents in 12 districts including Changjiang, Chengmai, Dongfang, Ledong, Lingshui, Haikou Longhua District, Haikou Meilan District, Qionghai, Sanya, Tunchang, Wenchang and Wuzhishan. Results　In the survey 6 895 residents in 12 counties, cities, districts of Hainan Province, 365 of them reached the standard of mental health with the standard rate of 5.3%. The mental health knowledge score was (54.00±17.02) with the standard rate of 7.7%; the self-assessment score was (26.11±3.99) with the standard rate of 75.9%; the score of mental health skill was (26.22±7.25) with the standard rate of 44.8%. The mental health literacy level of medical workers was the highest, with the standard rate of 13.5% (112/830), and the mental health literacy level of farmers was the lowest, with the standard rate of 0.8% (13/1 647). The results of unconditional Logistic regression showed that the factors entering the regression model included educational background (OR=2.268), personal monthly income (OR=1.129), gender (OR=1.302), household registration (OR=0.776), and whether they had participated in mental health related courses OR training (OR=0.511). The higher the educational background and personal monthly income, the higher the psychological quality. The mental health of women was higher than that of men, and that of urban was higher than that of rural, and those who had participated in mental health related courses were higher than those who had not. Conclusions The mental health literacy level of Hainan residents is at a low level, and the influencing factors are multifaceted. It is suggested to strengthen the mental health monitoring comprehensively and carry out rich health education service mode for different groups.

Choice of medical treatment for renal colic: A survey of Chinese urologists / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the status quo of recognition and management of renal colic among urological surgeons in China.@*METHODS@#From November 2021 to March 2022, 725 urological surgeons in China were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire, including their province, hospital grade, professional title, the number of patients with renal colic treated per week, the preferred drugs and the cognition of the disease. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital, and all respondents completed informed consent online.@*RESULTS@#During November 2021 and March 2022, urological surgeons across China were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were verified before the study was carried out. In the study, 720 valid questionnaires were collected (accounting for 99.31% of the total number), in which 42.4% of the doctors' preferred drugs were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and 40.0% of the doctors' preferred antispasmodic drugs. Opioids were the first choice of 11.0% of the physicians and other treatments were preferred by 6.6% of physicians. In addition, 61.1% of the doctors thought that the mechanism of renal colic was elevated prostaglandin, 32.2% thought it was ureteral spasm, 5.0% thought it was calculi irritation, and 1.7% thought the mechanism was unclear. The doctor of the cognition of the generation mechanism of renal colic pain had a significant influence on the preferred treatment option (χ2=54.399, P < 0.001) that the "elevated prostaglandins" doctor more often preferred NSAIDs than the doctor who thought cramps and ureter stones caused renal colic (51.6% vs. 28.0%, χ2=34.356, P < 0.001;51.6% vs. 19.4%, χ2=13.759, P < 0.001). In addition, hospital class, physician title, and the number of weekly consultations by physicians influenced the choice of medications for renal colic (P < 0.05), tertiary hospitals, middle and senior professional titles and weekly patients with renal colic > 8 cases generally preferred NSAIDs.@*CONCLUSION@#There are deficiencies in the cognition and drug treatment of renal colic among urological surgeons in China. The choice of the preferred drug was related to the doctor's cognition of the disease, the grade of the hospital, the doctor's professional title and the weekly treatment volume.

Questionnaire survey and influencing factors of self-defect in patients with bright red nevus / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To investigate the self-defect sensation and its influencing factors in patients scheduled for photodynamic therapy for port wine stains.Methods:A total of 183 patients scheduled for photodynamic therapy for port wine stains in our hospital were selected and investigated by online questionnaire. The data of the respondents were collected by means of online filling in the questionnaire star using the General Data Survey Scale and the Defect Perception Scale (FIS) at admission.Results:The total score of self-defect in 183 patients with bright red nevus treated by photodynamic therapy was higher than that of the domestic norm. Age ( t=4.19), place of residence ( F=14.90), co-resident ( F=3.21), education level ( F=4.39), marital status ( F=2.47), income level ( F=9.51) and occupation ( F=5.82) had significantly related with the level of self-deficiency of patients ( P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that residence and income level were the main factors affecting patients′ sense of self-deficiency ( F=4.96, P<0.05). Conclusions:The overall self-defect sense of 183 patients with port wine stains treated with photodynamic therapy in this survey is more serious, their own comprehensive conditions and family structure will affect the self-defect sense of patients with port wine stains. We should pay special attention to the mental health of patients from municipal cities and low-income levels, timely carry out clinical nursing education and psychological guidance, jointly improve the compliance and cooperation of patients with treatment, and promote the rapid recovery of patients.

Investigation on the cognition and training status of basic life support among county medical staff in Linfen, Shanxi Province / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To understand the cognition and training status of basic life support among medical staff in Linfen, Shanxi Province, and to provide reference for the development of targeted training strategies and programs.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical staff in 12 county hospitals in Linfen, Shanxi Province by convenience sampling method. The survey included the general characteristics of departments and medical staff, previous basic life support training assessment and cognitive status.Results:A total of 839 medical staff were included, 756 (90.1%) completed the survey, 183 (24.2%) were doctors and 573 (75.8%) were nurses. Most personnel lacked awareness of environmental safety, emergency response system start-up, adequate compression, airway management, and electrical defibrillation.Conclusions:The cognitive status of basic life support of medical staff in Linfen county is not optimistic. It is necessary to construct an applicable precision training course and retraining assessment system to improve the cognitive level and practical operation ability.

Survey of current radiological health capabililty of 16 disease control centers at prefecture-level in Shandong province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To survey the current radiological health capability of 16 perferture-level disease control centers (CDCs) in Shandong province and analyze their shortcomings and disadvantages, in order to provide relevant reference basis for the radiological health capability building of such CDCs.Methods:Survey was carried out of radiology department, radiological health staff, equipment allocation, capabillity building and scientific research of these CDCs, together with the relevant data obtained being statistically analyzed.Results:In these CDCs of 16 cities in Shandong province, there were 70 staff engaged in radiological health, with 3 cities having independent radiological departments in place. There were statistically significant differences between independent departments and non-independent departments in the exclusive use of X-ray diagnostic examination equipment, medical electron accelerator examination equipment and on-site quality control testing work ( χ2=0.04, 0.01, 0.04, P<0.05). Between inland and coastal cities there was statistically significant difference in the capability dealing with nuclear and radiological emergency ( χ2=0.02, P<0.05). Conclusions:Independent departments are more conducive to the implement of government′s functional tasks than non-independent departments. There exist shortcomings and weaknesses in human resources, equipment allocation, in-food radioactivity testing, nuclear and radiological emergency in 16 prefectures and cities, so that the capability building needs to be further improved.

Survey on psychosocial services in northeast Sichuan / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of psychosocial services in various institutions as well as the mental health status of residents in Northeast Sichuan， so as to provide references for the further construction and implementation of psychosocial services in this area. MethodsA total of 148 institutions in Tongjiang county of Bazhong city， Lizhou district of Guangyuan city and Dazhu county of Dazhou city were surveyed through self-compiled questionnaires covering the construction status of psychosocial service system and the implementation of mental health service in each institution. Meantime， the mental health status and psychological service needs of 21 505 residents in pilot areas of three cities were investigated using the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7） and the self-designed mental health service needs questionnaire. ResultsAmong the 148 institutions in the pilot areas， 81 （54.7%） of which had dedicated mental health service， and 58 （39.2%） were equipped with full-time or part-time mental health service personnel. In 2019， 95 （64.2%） institutions conducted mental health services for employees， and 104 （70.3%） conducted mental health propaganda activities. Of the 75 educational institutions， 67 （89.3%） conducted mental health education for students， and 47 （62.7%） achieved full coverage of the mental health education curriculum among students. The detection rates of depression and anxiety among the residents were 36.8% and 30.8%， respectively， and 83.7% of the residents had the mental health service needs， mainly in the aspects of personal growth， marriage and family， children's education and stress management. ConclusionThe psychosocial services in the pilot areas of the three cities in northeast Sichuan are well conducted， while the guarantee of workplace， funds and personnel remains to further strengthen. Furthermore， residents have prominent emotional problems such as depression and anxiety， and have a high demand for mental health services.

Investigation on occupational hazards of non-coal mines in Hunan Province in 2021 / 中国职业医学

@#Abstract: Objective - To understand the status of occupational hazards in non coal mine mountains in Hunan Province. Methods - - A cross sectional survey was conducted on 432 non coal mining enterprises in Hunan Province in 2021. The field ， occupational health survey occupational disease hazard factors detection and occupational health monitoring data analysis were Results - carried out. Limited liability companies and private enterprises were the main economic types of non coal mining ， ， mountains in Hunan Province accounting for 55.3% and 32.4% respectively. The size of enterprises was mainly small and ， ； - micro enterprises accounting for 59.3% and 35.2% respectively 78.0% of the enterprises were in non metallic mining. The - ， over standard rates of silica dust and noise in workplaces were 17.1% and 29.4% respectively. The exposure rate of ， （P ） occupational hazard factor was 47.3%. The smaller the enterprise scale the higher the exposure rate <0.01 . The number of ， ， people exposed to silica dust and noise was the largest with the exposure rate of 29.4% and 31.0% respectively. The rates of ， occupational health training for persons in charge of enterprises occupational health management personnel and workers were ， ， ， 73.8% 73.4% and 85.0% respectively. The smaller the enterprise scale the lower the occupational health training rates of ， ， enterprise leaders occupational health management personnel and workers and the lower the implementation rates of （ P ） - - enterprise occupational health examination all <0.05 . The fully installed rate and effective rate of occupational disease ； prevention facilities were 6.9% and 1.6% respectively and the fully deployed rate and effective wearing rate of personal ， protective equipment were 11.1% and 6.2% respectively. The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected ， Conclusion occupational diseases in workers exposed to silica dust and noise were 2.0% and 2.9% respectively. The - ， occupational risks such as silica dust and noise are serious in non coal mine mountains of Hunan Province and the foundation of occupational health management is weak in small and micro enterprises.

Investigation about the present status of renal replacement therapy in department of intensive care unit in Tianjin / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To understand the current state of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in intensive care unit (ICU) of Tianjin public hospital, and to provide scientific evidence and direction for homogenized management and overall level improvement of RRT in Tianjin.Methods:The questionnaires were distributed to the chief or key staff of 33 ICUs from 32 public hospitals in Tianjin by clinical quality control center for critical care medicine of Tianjin and ICU of Tianjin Third Central Hospital. The RRT data of ICUs from January 2020 to December 2021 was collected, including the type and size of ICU, the number of patients undergoing RRT, reasons for initiating RRT, the RRT modes, the anticoagulation and the complications of RRT and so on.Results:A total of 33 valid questionnaires were obtained, with a recovery rate of 100%. The result showed that there were 38 803 patients admitted to the selected ICUs during investigation, and 5 456 of them (14.06%) received RRT. In most ICUs, the reasons of initiating RRT were renal failure, sepsis and volume overload. The mode of RRT was mainly continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), which was followed by continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). Carbonate replacement fluid was the first choice. Heparin was the dominant anticoagulant, and there was an increasing trend in the use of citrate anticoagulation simultaneously. However, heparin-free anticoagulation used mostly in bleeding patients. Overall, the RRT modes and anticoagulation methods were single. Thrombosis was the main iatrogenic factor interrupting RRT in most ICUs, and also the reasons for complications related to catheter or circulation pipeline. It still showed an ineffective anticoagulation of RRT even after increasing the dosage of anticoagulants.Conclusions:RRT is an important organ support method in ICU, which has been widely carried out in ICUs of Tianjin and continues to expand. Despite the positive performance, it still needs to be improved and standarized in some aspects, such as the diversification of RRT modes, anticoagulation, and the complication prevention.

Current status of endoscopy department of county hospitals in China: a cross-sectional study / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To investigate the current status of endoscopy department of county hospitals in China, and to improve the construction quality of the endoscopy department of county hospitals.Methods:County hospitals from 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in 2019 were investigated in this study through an online survey. Questions were about the department scale, basic information of the endoscopy center, clinical diagnosis and treatment ability, teaching and academic ability.Results:A total of 114 county hospitals were included. The department of gastroenterology in county hospitals owned 38.9 beds, 8.6 doctors and 6.4 nurses on average in 2019. The mean host and endoscope were 3.1 and 11.0 respectively in each center. The mean outpatient, discharge and endoscopy procedure were 22 thousand , 2.3 thousand and 7.8 thousand respectively. The referral rate of 53 (46.5%) hospitals to higher-level hospitals was less than 3%. In terms of teaching and academy, 5 (4.4%) in 114 hospitals had endoscopist training bases of Chinese Medical Association. Fifty-two (45.6%) county hospitals hosted academic conferences at the city level and above, 21 (18.4%) published SCI papers and 67 (58.8%) published papers in key Chinese journals.Conclusion:Endoscopy centers of most county hospitals are well constructed with comprehensive facilities, qualified medical ability, management, and a research team, which meets the recommendation level of service.

Investigation and analysis on the status of radiological health technical service institutions in Hebei province / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To further strengthen the management of radiological health technical service institutions, standardize their technical service behaviors, and explore the supervision countermeasures for radiological health and technical service institutions. Methods The radiological health technical service institutions status questionnaires s were designed to survey the basic situation, professionals and technical personnel, the equipment configuration, testing items and workload of service institutions. Results By the end of 2019, there were 23 radiological health technical service institutions in Hebei province, including 8 disease control and occupational prevention institutions (accounting for 34.8%) and 15 third-party institutions (accounting for 65.2%); The distribution of regional agencies were unbalanced; There were 223 professional and technical personnel, of which 29.6% were senior technical professionals, 29.6% were intermediate technical professionals and 40.8% were other professionals.58.8% had a bachelor's degree or above, and 41.2% had a college degree or below; The majors of professionals were relatively scattered, with only 6.44% of radiological health, 5.15% of physics-related majors, and 51.07% of medical-related majors. Other majors involve chemical pharmacy, environmental engineering, public relations planning, food, English, accounting and other majors.The professional technical responsible person had no part-time job;. The institution were totally equipped with 308 sets of radiation protection detectors and 172 sets of phantoms, basically in line with the configuration requirements; All quality control system documents such as quality management manuals, procedural documents, operating procedures, and work instructions have been established; All test items applied by laboratory measurement certification have passed;Conclusion The CDC institutions were gradually shrinking, the private institutions were gradually increasing and the nature of the institutions was gradually diversified.The allocation of regional resources was unbalanced.It is suggestedto strengthen the training on the theoretical basis and professional skills of professionals in testing and evaluation. Increasing on-site practical training is a more important and effective way.It is recommended to strengthen the training of basic-level health administrative departments and supervisory agencies and improvethe sense of responsibility of supervisors.

Blood donation recruitment and effect evaluation of blood services in Chongqing / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the status and conduct effect evaluation of blood donation recruitment of blood services in Chongqing, and explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for the regional homogenization of blood services in Chongqing. 【Methods】 19 blood services in Chongqing were investigated by questionnaire in terms of the input in human resources and funds, recruitment methods, document construction and effect evaluation. The statistical analysis was conducted. 【Results】 The average number of blood donors per 1 000 population in 19 blood services in Chongqing was 9.35±3.35. Among the 19 blood services, blood inventory warning occurred in 18, 6 of them reached Level 2 and 1 of them was Level 1. The number of blood donations per 1 000 population in blood banks with no more than 5 recruits or with less than 100 000 yuan/year recruitment fund was significantly lower than that in blood banks with more than 5 recruits or with more than 100 000 yuan/year recruitment fund(P<0.05). SMS and telephone recruitment were most commonly used in blood donation recruitment. Most blood banks have established corresponding system documents, but only one has established the method to evaluate the effect of blood donation recruitment. 【Conclusion】 The number of blood donations per 1 000 population in 19 blood services in Chongqing varies greatly, and the pressure of blood inventory warning is widespread. The input of human resources and financial fund have a certain impact on the number of blood donations per 1000 population, but not the alone factor. The recruitment method is a little bit more on the traditional side, and the blood donation recruitment and efficacy evaluation is in lack of documentary supporting. Regional homogenization should be achieved by integrating the resources of blood services, establishing the document framework of blood donation recruitment and effect evaluation, clarifying the evaluation content and unifying the evaluation standard.

Status and influencing factors of psychological violence against healthcare workers in a secondary Grade A hospital / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To study the status and influencing factors of psychological violence in healthcare workers(HCWs) of a secondary Grade A hospital. METHODS: A total of 1 028 HCWs in a secondary Grade A hospital were selected as the study subjects in 2019 using a typical sampling method. The psychological violence they had received in the previous year was investigated using the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Studies Research Instruments--Survey Questionnaire. The results were compared with the baseline survey results in 2018. RESULTS: The incidence of psychological violence in the workplace of HCWs in 2019 was 41.6%, among which the incidence of verbal abuse, bullying/gang bullying, sexual harassment and racial discrimination were 40.2%, 9.9%, 1.9% and 1.6%, respectively. The incidence of verbal abuse, bullying/gang bullying and psychological violence among HCWs in 2019 were decreased compared with that in 2018(45.7% vs 40.2%, 12.8% vs 9.9%, 47.1% vs 41.6%, all P<0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis results showed that the HCWs in medical technology, internal medicine, surgery, outpatient and emergency departments were at higher risk of verbal abuse than that in administrative departments(all P<0.01). The HCWs in direct contact with patients had a higher risk of verbal abuse and psychological violence(all P<0.01). The HCWs aged <35 and those with night-shift-work had higher risks of bullying/gang bullying(all P<0.05). Male HCWs had a higher risk of sexual harassment than female HCWs(P<0.05). The coping style of attempting to conceal the occurrence of the incident after HCWs suffered psychological violence dropped from 5.8% in 2018 to 0.5% in 2019(P<0.01), and the proportion of no response was as high as 59.1%. CONCLUSION: The psychological violence of HCWs in this hospital is very serious and has specific features. The incidence of psychological violence decreased compared with that a year ago, but there is still room for improvement. The influencing factors of psychological violence are complex and the consequences are serious. Therefore, it is urgent for HCWs and hospital management departments to improve their management methods.

Epidemiological investigation of chronic filariasis disease patients in Hubei Province / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the number and prevalence of chronic filariasis patients in Hubei Province, and to provide a basis for effective care for patients. Methods The chronic filariasis patients registered in Hubei Province were interviewed to investigate the general condition of patients, the results of previous microfilaria examinations, and the current clinical symptoms, signs and onset of illness. Results A total of 487 chronic filariasis patients were investigated. The youngest was 32 years old, the oldest was 97 years old, and the average age was 76 years old. The 80-89 years old group had the largest number, accounting for 44.97%. The male accounted for 46.61%, and the female accounted for 54.39%. The occupation was dominated by farmers, accounting for 89.94%. Patients with lymphangitis accounted for 72.28%, with dermatitis accounted for 89.12%, with chyluria accounted for 11.29%, and with hydrocele accounted for 6.16%. Among the 352 patients with lymphangitis/lymphadenitis, the site of the attack was mainly at groin and lower limbs, accounting for 96.02%. Among the 433 patients with lymphedema/elephantiasis, the disease staging of the left and right legs was mainly concentrated in stage I-III, and there was no stage VII patient. Among the 55 patients with chyluria, the dysuria accounted for 30.91%. Of the 30 patients with hydrocele, 17 had tenderness, and 8 had positive light transmission tests. Conclusions Chronic filariasis patients in Hubei Province gradually decreased with the natural attrition. More care should be given by CDC at all levels and primary medical units to patients with chronic filariasis to alleviate their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Since the filariasis has not been eliminated globally, it is still necessary to strengthen the surveillance of migrant workers who go abroad to filariasis-endemic areas.

Current status and influencing factors of job burnout in rural preschool teachers in Sichuan Province / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To understand the current status and influencing factors of job burnout in rural preschool teachers. METHODS: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the job burnout and social support of 756 rural preschool teachers in Sichuan Province using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Educators Survey and Social Support Revalued Scale. RESULTS: The positive rate of job burnout was 22.1%(167/756), and the positive rates of emotional exhaustion, reduced personal achievement, and depersonalization were 13.1%, 10.7% and 1.2%, respectively. The results of unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that post status, daily working hours, subjective support and utilization of support were all related to job burnout(P<0.05). Among them, in-post and daily working hours >10 hours were risk factors of job burnout, high subjective support and utilization of support were the protective factors of job burnout. CONCLUSION: The situation of job burnout in rural preschool teachers in Sichuan Province is not serious, post status, daily work hours and social support can affect their job burnout.

Nutritional status in children aged 3 to 7 years with autism spectrum disorder at a special education institution in Chongqing City / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To analyze and compare the nutritional status of children with autism spectrum disorders and typically developing children aged 3 to 7 years old at a special education institution in Chongqing so as to provide scientific basis for nutritional intervention. Methods: This study recruited 48 autistic children and 42 typically developing children. We made anthropometric measurement, dietary assessment and biochemical assessment. Results: WAZ and BAZ were found to be significantly lower in the children with ASD than those in typically developing children (P=0.032, 0.035). According to the dietary survey, the average daily intake of energy and three major nutrients were lower in the ASD group than in typically developing children (P<0.001). Both groups did not meet the national recommendations for daily intake of fiber, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, and calcium. The intake insufficiency of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and calcium was significantly lower in the autistic children than that in typically developing children (P<0.001, P=0.001, and P<0.001). In addition, anemia and iron deficiency was not found in the two groups (anemia P=0.946; the reduction rate for MCV, MCH, and RDW P=0.535, 1.000, and 0.946). However, we found a significantly lower level of serum vitamin A in the autistic children (P=0.007). Conclusion: Children with ASD had more obvious nutrient deficiency. It suggests that clinicians need to carry out dietary intervention and individualized nutrition guidance for children with ASD.

Current status survey of labor analgesia in Shanghai / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the current situation of labor analgesia in Shanghai, provide data supportion and decision-making basis for further popularization of labor analgesia.Methods Using the self-made questionnaire, Shanghai Medical Doctor Association of Anesthesiologist issued a notice on the purpose of the study and the way how to fill it up.The questionnaire was distributed and recycled through the website wjx.com.Results The 58 hospitals included in this survey accounted for 90.44％ of the total delivery in Shanghai in 2017, and the overall labor analgesia rate was37.22％.The number of deliveries in 13 maternal and child specialist hospitals accounted for 58.44％of 58 hospitals, and the labor analgesia rate was 56.75％.It accounted for 93.50％of the 58 hospitals analgesic deliveries.There are 44 (75.86％) hospitals carrying labor analgesia by intraspinal nerve block as the main method of labor analgesia.42 (95.45％) of these hospitals began to analgesia during the incubation period, 30 (68.18％) of these hospitals closed the analgesic pump during childbirth, and 40 (90.9％) hospitals had a maternal satisfaction of 85 or more, 36 (81.82％) of these hospitals charged labor analgesia in accordance with the anesthesia clause.However, among the 14 hospitals that did not practive labor analgesia, 13 (92.86％) were due to inadequate anesthesiologists and other relevant factors.Conclusion The overall labor analgesia rate in Shanghai was 37.22％.The service has been mainly provided in maternal and child specialist hospitals.The main factors restricting the labor analgesia are the shortage of anesthesiologists and the lack of specific charges.In order to promote the labor analgesia, policy support is an important aspect, and the labor analgesia process and innovative management mode should also be optimized.

Current status of chronic filariasis in Jiangsu Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province. Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian (24.2%), Huai’an (19.5%), Suzhou (17.3%), Xuzhou (11.2%), and Yancheng (9.8%) were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis, simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%, 11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were I-III. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased, most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.

Current status of chronic filariasis in Jiangsu Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To understand the current status of chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province so as to provide basic data for following-up care for them. Methods The patients were followed up one by one according to history archives between June and July, 2018, and the clue investigation was also conducted. The base data of the patients was collected through a face-to-face questionnaire survey and analyzed. Results There were still 3 160 chronic filariasis patients in Jiangsu Province. Among them, the male accounted for 40.0%, and 91.8% of the patients were older adults aged 60 years or above. From the aspect of regional distribution, Suqian (24.2%), Huai’an (19.5%), Suzhou (17.3%), Xuzhou (11.2%), and Yancheng (9.8%) were the five top high prefectures. The patients with simple lymphatic inflammation or lymphadenitis, simple lymphedema or elephantiasis, simple chyluria, simple hydrocele of tunica vaginalis, and two symptoms or more accounted for 2.7%, 37.1%, 11.2%, 0.9%, and 48.1%, respectively. For the patients with lymphedema or elephantiasis, 97.8% of edema was seen in the lower limbs, and more than 90% of the edema stages were I-III. The number of current caring sites was 220, covering 2 091 patients. The average number of times of caring activities in this year was 3.2. The average cumulative time of caring activities among all the sites was 11.3 years. Conclusions The number of chronic filariasis patients has been dramatically decreased, most of the patients are old and have long disease durations. The caring sites have not covered all the patients. In order to release the symptoms and improve the life quality of the patients, all the patients should be taken care of in Jiangsu Province.

Prevalence and influencing factors of myopia among primary school students in Haidian, Beijing / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To study the myopia and influencing factors among primary school students in Haidian, Beijing. <p>METHODS: A total of 801 primary school pupils from grade one to grade three of Beijing were selected according to the cluster stratified sampling method, and 801 questionnaires were collected from the scene, which accorded with 757 people aged 7-10 years old, and 757 valid questionnaires, the prevalence rate of this study was 24.4%. The baseline data of all the subjects were collected through questionnaires. The data of myopia were compared. The Logistic regression equation was used to calculate the factors causing myopia. <p>RESULTS: The main factors leading to myopia in primary school were reading time, electronic product use time, parents' myopia, outdoor activity time, and reading and writing postures. The above difference data was brought into the Logistic regression equation to confirm. <p>CONCLUSION: The myopia rate of primary school students in Beijing has reached a high level. There are many problems in family, daily life and students themselves. It is necessary to prevent and control the occurrence of myopia and promote the vision health of primary school students.

Current status of cleaning and disinfection of digestive endoscopes in medi-cal institutions in Suzhou City / 中国感染控制杂志

cleaning and disinfection.Results All 28 surveyed medical institutions had separate endoscope disinfection rooms, 89.29% of which had integrated endoscopic cleaning station,17.86% had automatic endoscope washer/disinfector;100% used multi-enzymatic detergent,chose the right disinfectant,monitored disinfectant concentration every day, and implemented standard disinfection time.But only 39.29% changed multi-enzymatic detergent for each endo-scope,cleaning and disinfection personnel in 78.57% of medical institutions wore personal protective equipment correctly.77 digestive endoscopes were detected,the qualified rate was 88.31%.Conclusion Cleaning and disin-fection management of digestive endoscope in secondary and above medical institutions in Suzhou City is generally standardized,there are still some problems in the manipulation procedures,relevant national regulations should be strictly complied with,efficacy of cleaning and disinfection of digestive endoscope should be further improved.