Association of Congenital Anomalies in Newborns with Maternal and Fetal Factors in North Gujarat Region, India: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

Background: Approximately 8 to 15% of perinatal deaths and 13 to 16% of neonatal deaths in India are a result of congenital anomalies. The objective of the research was to studyincidence of clinically detect-able congenital malformations in newborns delivered at secondary and tertiary hospitals and their asso-ciation with maternal and fetal factors. Material and methods: This study include all new-borns delivered at secondary and tertiary care hospi-tals in the Mehsana districts of Gujarat, India from January 1st, 2021 to December 31st, 2021. A total of 6900 consecutive births were examined for visible structural anomalies to determine the overall inci-dence and distribution of congenital malformations and their association with feto-maternal factors. Results: Total numbers of malformed babies were 90 with incidence of 1.30%. Incidence of malformed babies was 1.54% among mother in the age group of 21-35 years, 3.57% among mother with consan-guineous marriage, and 6.67.% among mothers with severe anemia. The incidence was 0.97% in babies <1500 birth weight, 0.97% among live births and 12.5% among preterm babies. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies in newborns are significantly associated with maternal factors like maternal age, consanguinity, previous child with malformation, history of previous abortion and severe anemia and fetal factors such as stillbirth, premature babies, and low birth weight.

Effect of Socio-demographic Characteristics on Obstetric Care-seeking Behaviours and Perinatal Outcome in Sagamu, Nigeria.

Background: The persistence of severe intra-partum events as causes of perinatal mortality may be due to the poor care pregnant women receive in labour. The quality and scope of care received in labour varies with the types of health facilities patronized. Objective: To describe the obstetric care-seeking behaviours of pregnant women in Sagamu, Nigeria and relate this to the perinatal outcome. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of parturient at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu, Nigeria was conducted between August 2013 and November 2014. Data were obtained on the demographic and obstetric profile, details of facilities visited during labour and perinatal outcome for analysis. Results: Out of 145 women, 93 (64.1%) received antenatal care at OOUTH. Of the 84 women who were first admitted in labour, 32 (38.1%) presented with emergencies. There were 140 live births and 10 still births; 34/140 (24.3%) of the live births were hospitalized mostly with asphyxia (13/34; 38.2%). One of the 34 hospitalized babies died from asphyxia thus the overall perinatal mortality rate was 73.3/1000 births. Women who presented with emergencies during labour and traversed other health facilities while in labour characteristically had low maternal education, low socioeconomic status and received antenatal care outside OOUTH. Poor perinatal outcome was significantly associated with unbooked status, presentation with emergencies during labour and traversing other health facilities in labour. Conclusion: Quality antenatal care and timely presentation during labour may influence perinatal outcome positively. Research should be focused on strengthening the existing health care structure.

A importância das anomalias congênitas ao nascer / The importance of congenital malformations at birth

INTRODUÇÃO: Os países que superaram as taxas de mortalidade infantil mostram, hoje em dia, a concentração de mortes no período neonatal e, dentro dele, principalmente na primeira semana de vida (após neonatais precoces). Dentre as causas de morte, como algumas doenças começaram a ser controladas, foi verificado um aumento proporcional significativo da participação das malformações congênitas. OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência de malformações congênitas (AC) ao nascer em conceptos (natimortos e nascidos vivos) de mulheres internadas em instituições localizadas na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado em quatro hospitais da cidade de São Paulo durante três meses no segundo semestre de 2011...

INTRODUCTION: Countries that have overcome high infant mortality rates show, nowadays, concentration of deaths in the neonatal period and, within it, mainly in the first week of life (early neonatal deaths). Regarding causes of death, as some diseases have started to be controlled, a significant proportional increase in the participation of congenital malformations has been verified. OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of congenital malformations (CM) at birth in conceptuses (stillbirths and live births) of women hospitalized in institutions located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out at 4 hospitals in the city of São Paulo during 3 months in the 2nd semester of 2011...

Study Of Malformations And Down Syndrome In India (SOMDI) : Delhi Region.

A total of 23,367 children born at Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi were examined for the incidence of congenital malformations as a part of multicentric project (SOMDI) funded by DAE. The study revealed 3.1% of still births, 1.46% of malformations. The frequency of malformations was more in babies born to rural mothers cum parents who were blood relatives. Amongst the malformations recorded central nervous system (Neural tube defect) malformations were more frequent (7.87/1000 births) followed by muscutoskeletal cum gastrointestinal type (3.08/1000 births) and multiple malformations (1.67/1000 births).