DIAGNOSTIC MODEL FOR DETECTING IMPLEMENTATION FAILURES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Information system (IS) is the current trend in the organizations they are gaining competitive edge due to its successful implementation, which is a major factor to improve performance of the organization. The aim of this paper is to report the method for evaluating the failure factors of Information system implementation based on research conducted at two organisation of telecommunication industry using information systems. A quantitative survey-based method was used to collect the data from the two organizations Reliance Communication Limited, Chandigarh and Punjab Communication Ltd. (Puncom) Mohali. The signi?cance of the ensuing factors for implementation success/failure factors are diagnosed from the opinion of the respondents of these organizations. Reliance Communication Limited is the global adopter of IS and is doing well in the market and the other one having domestic IS, not doing well in the current market. 21 variables were chosen for the study relating to failure and success factors of Information System. Quantitative analysis was performed by using various testing models, Factor Analysis, Neural Network to check importance and to identify CFF & CSF between Puncom & Reliance. This paper suggests that starting from the implementation phase of IS, the organizations must be able to recognize that IS is a Socio-Technical challenge and not only a technical or a managerial work. Therefore, there is the need of modifying the prevailing processes or remodelling them in the second organization (Puncom, not doing well in the market) so that it may compete globally. The results are discussed along with the implications of the research for the future work and provide suggestions for both the academicians and practitioners on how to achieve holistic improvement under IS

Stakeholders, fatores críticos de sucesso e geração de valor em parcerias público-privadas / Stakeholders, factores críticos de éxito y generación de valor en alianzas público-privadas / Stakeholders, critical success factors, and value creation in public-private partnerships

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o papel dos stakeholders na geração de valor em parcerias público-privadas no Brasil, considerando suas motivações e os fatores críticos que determinam o sucesso desse tipo de colaboração. Para tanto, foram analisadas parcerias dos governos federal, estaduais e municipais por meio da análise de conteúdo de documentos e entrevistas com representantes dos setores público e privado envolvidos. A identificação dos stakeholders foi feita mediante a utilização simultânea de modelos que permitem demonstrar os múltiplos papéis desempenhados pelos atores na formulação e na implementação de políticas públicas (R. C. Gomes et al., 2010), seu potencial de ameaça ou de cooperação (Savage et al., 1991) e seu grau de saliência (Mitchell et al., 1997). Além disso, foram identificados os fatores críticos de sucesso, os elementos de valor e os fatores determinantes para a cooperação mais recorrentes nessas parcerias. Ademais, foi proposto um modelo de análise que permite a identificação de tais elementos, a fim de possibilitar que o tomador de decisão trace uma estratégia para lidar com eles.

Resumen Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el papel de los stakeholders en la generación de valor en las alianzas público-privadas en Brasil, considerando sus motivaciones y los factores críticos que determinan el éxito de este tipo de colaboración. Con este fin, se analizaron las asociaciones entre los gobiernos federal, estatales y municipales, a través del análisis de contenido de documentos y entrevistas con representantes de los sectores público y privado involucrados en tales asociaciones. La identificación de los stakeholders se realizó mediante el uso simultáneo de modelos que permiten demostrar los múltiples roles que desempeñan los actores en la formulación e implementación de políticas públicas (R. C. Gomes et al., 2010), su potencial de amenaza o de cooperación (Savage et al., 1991) y su grado de notoriedad (Mitchell et al., 1997). Además, se identificaron los factores críticos de éxito más frecuentes, los elementos de valor y los factores determinantes para la cooperación en tales alianzas. Asimismo, se propone un modelo de análisis que permite la identificación de dichos elementos para que el tomador de decisiones pueda diseñar una estrategia para tratar con ellos.

Abstract This study analyzes the role of stakeholders in the value creation in public-private partnerships in Brazil, considering their motivations and the critical factors that determine the success of this type of collaboration. We analyzed partnerships between federal, state, and local governments through content analysis of documents and interviews with representatives of the public and private sectors involved in such partnerships. Stakeholders identification was conducted through the simultaneous use of models that allow demonstrating the multiple roles played by the actors, i.e. the role in public policies formulation and implementation (R. C. Gomes et al., 2010), their potential for threat or cooperation (Savage et al., 1991), and salience degree (Mitchell et al., 1997). In addition, the most recurrent critical success factors, value elements, and determining factors for cooperation in such partnerships were identified. Furthermore, an analytical model is proposed to identify such elements so that decision-makers can devise a strategy to deal with them.

Analysis on the critical success factors in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) health projects in China / 中国卫生政策研究

Recently, Public-private Partnerships (PPPs) are being increasingly used in the public facilities and services provision in China.The procurement system ranges from simple contracting of services to the involvement of the private sector in the infrastructure financing, design, construction, operation and maintenance.However, organizing a PPP is not an easy task due to its complexity and long term contractual obligations and this some projects to fail to attract the private sector in the partnership and in the services provision.18 critical success factors of PPP project in the Chinese health sector were undermined by the investigation of this research.The mostly identified CSFs are thorough and realistic benefit assessment, sound policies, appropriate risk allocation and risk mitigation, and the public/private sector responsibilities.This paper finally puts forward the recommendations based on the statistics that are published from the Integrated Information Platform of CPPPC in order to focus on validating them for successful PPP projects achievement.

Public-private partnerships in the provision of homeopathic services in the city of Delhi, India / Parcerias entre os setores público e privado na prestação de serviços homeopáticos na cidade de Delhi, Índia / Asociación de los sectores público y privado para atención homeopática en la ciudad de Delhi, Índia

Homeopathy is one among the popular medical systems in India. Over the years, the government has been attempting to mainstream homeopathy in the public health system, nevertheless, most service providers are in the private sector. Therefore, increase of quality and availability to all population classes by means of public-private partnerships is seen as a viable policy option. In Delhi, 90% of homeopathic services providers belong to the private sector, including charity trusts. Most of them provide services to the low-income population in urban slams. In 2003, Delhi government launched a program involving the private sector to provide homeopathic services in underserved city areas. This project funded private agencies to run homeopathic clinics. This paper provides an overview on this program, addressing in particular the lessons taught by six case studies represented by non-governmental organizations (NGOs). It also discusses expectations of private providers and concludes with specific recommendations for wider participation of the private sector.

La homeopatía es uno de los sistemas médicos populares en India. El gobierno intenta hace varios años difundir la homeopatía en el sistema público de salud, sin embargo, la mayoría de los prestadores de servicios pertenece al sector privado. Por ese motivo, se considera que la formación de sociedades público-privadas podría representar una política viable para mejorar la calidad y el acceso de todas las clases de la población. En Delhi, 90% de los prestadores de servicios homeopáticos pertenecen al sector privado, incluyendo fundaciones filantrópicas. La mayoría atiende a la población de bajos recursos en villas miseria urbanas. En 2003, el gobierno de Delhi lanzó un programa involucrando al sector privado en la prestación de servicios homeopáticos en áreas asistencialmente poco cubiertas. Este proyecto financió entidades privadas que operasen consultorios homeopáticos. Este artículo presenta un panorama de este programa, con atención especial para las lecciones aprendidas a partir de seis estudios de caso representados por organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONGs). También discute las expectativas de los prestadores privados y concluye con recomendaciones específicas para la participación más amplia del sector privado.

A homeopatia é um dos sistemas médicos populares na Índia. Ao longo do tempo, o governo tem tentado difundir a homeopatia no sistema público de saúde, no entanto, a maioria dos prestadores do serviço pertence ao setor privado. Portanto, considera-se que uma política viável para melhorar a qualidade e a disponibilidade para todas as classes da população consistiria em parcerias entre os setores público e privado. Em Delhi, 90% dos prestadores de serviços homeopáticos pertencem ao setor privado, incluindo fundações filantrópicas. A maioria deles atende a população de baixa renda em favelas urbanas. Em 2003, o governo de Delhi lançou um programa envolvendo o setor privado na prestação de serviços homeopáticos em áreas urbanas pouco cobertas por assistência médica. Esse projetou financiou entidades privadas para desenvolverem ambulatórios homeopáticos. Este artigo apresenta um panorama desse programa, focando em particular as lições que ensinam seis casos de estudo representados por organizações não governamentais (ONGs). Também discute as expectativas dos prestadores privados e conclui com recomendações específicas para uma participação mais ampla do setor privado.

Factors of Surgical Success with Unilateral Recession and Resection in Intermittent Exotropia

PURPOSE: To investigate the factors associated with surgical success in cases of unilateral medial rectus resection and lateral rectus recession in the intermittent exotropia. METHODS: Ninety-eight patients with basic-type intermittent exotropia were included in this study. They underwent unilateral recession of the lateral rectus and resection of the medial rectus muscle and were followed postoperatively for at least one year. Surgical results were analyzed to assess the association with preoperative factors, including the angle of deviation, difference of deviation between near and far, stereoacuity at far using B-VAT(R), and Worth 4 dot test (W4DT) at near, and postoperative factors, including the position at near and far at one week, stereoacuity at far using B-VAT(R) at one year, and W4DT at near and far. Surgical success was defined as esotropia within 5 prism diopters (PD) at near and far or within 10PD at near and far at one year postoperatively. RESULTS: Patients with a preoperative difference of deviation between near and far within 5PD had a better surgical outcome than patients with 6~10PD (p=0.03). There was a statistically significant relationship between position at one week postoperatively (especially esotropia or orthotropia at near and far) and success ratio (p0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The difference of preoperative deviation between near and far within 5PD and within 5PD esotropia and orthotropia at near and far at one week postoperatively were significantly associated with a good surgical outcome and could be good prognostic indicators.

Development of Performance Indicators Based on Balanced Score Card for School Food Service Facilities / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study raised the necessity of developing performance indicators for measuring the management efficiency and effectiveness of school food service, and as a means of helping its implementation, a balanced score card (BSC) approach developed by Norton and Kaplan was adopted. This study established BSC in seven phases through literature: Phase 1 Defining a school food service and the scope of working activities, Phase 2 Establishing the vision of a school food service, Phase 3 Setting strategic goals, Phase 4 Identifying critical success factors (CSFs), Phase 5 Developing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Phase 6 Extracting cause and effect relationship, and Phase 7 Completing a preliminary BSC. The preliminary BSC was turned into a survey, which was administered to food service related people working at the Office of Education and School Food Service including 16 offices, 209 dietitians, 48 school administrators both from self-operated and contract-managed, and 9 experts in areas related to school food service. They were asked questions about strategics from 4 different perspectives, 12 CSFs, 39 KPIs, and the cause and effect relationships among them. As a result, among the CSFs based on 4 different perspectives, all factors other than "zero sum on profit/loss" from the financial perspective turned out to be valid. In terms of KPIs, manufacturing cost percentages, casualty loss count/reduction rates, school foodervice participation rates, and sales goal achievement rates were found to be valid from the financial perspective, while student satisfaction index, faculty satisfaction index, leftover ratio, nutrition educational performance count, index of evaluating nutrition education, customer claim count/reduction rate, handling customer claim count/reduction rate, and parent satisfaction index were found to be valid from the customers' perspective. Besides, nutritional requirement sufficient ratio, nutritional management score, food poisoning outbreak count, employee safety accident count, sanitary inspection assessment index, meals per labor hour (productivity index), computerization ratio, operational management index, and purchase management assessment index were also found to be valid from the perspective of internal business processes. From the perspective of innovation and learning, employee turnover ratio/rate of absenteeism, annual education and training count, employee satisfaction index, human resource management assessment index, annual menu-related customer feedback, food service information index for employees and parents/schools were also found to be valid. The significance of this study is to present indices for measuring overall performance of school lunch food service operations without putting any limitation on types of school food service management, and to help correctly assess the contribution of the current types of school food service management to schools and students.

A Study on Success Factors of Buyer-Supplier Relationship in Elementary School Lunch : From the buyer's viewpoint

The purpose of this study is to clarify success factors for desirable relationship between buyer and supplier in elementary school. Therefore, the survey questionnaire consisted of general background, past success, success difference, buyer-supplier relationship characteristics(trust, supporting status, communication behavior, conflict resolution techniques, supplier selection process). The subjects were 66 dieticians of elementary school in Inchon. The statistical analysis of data was completed using SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows : Average total cost/day per one person 1,156Won. The number of suppliers per one school were 6. 92.3% of the subjects were in favor of private contract, regarding contract methods of purchasing food materials. For the past success, degree of satisfaction about past their supplier showed 3.49 score. The present success difference was shown higher than the past success. There was significant correlation between the past success and the present success difference. Trust about suppliers showed 3.40score. Supplying companies hardly support for buying school. Among information quality(timely, accurate, adequate, complete, credible), timely and complete showed lower score than the other kind of elements. Among the buyer-supplier relationship characteristic elements, only trust correlated with satisfaction about suppliers significantly. Among the conflict resolution techniques, joint problem solving and persuasive attempts were often made use of by subjects. The supplier selection criteria were shown quality(7.47), supplier's capabilities(6.46), management plan(6.00), price(5.73), scale(5.48), assets(5.27), considers delivery(4.76) and technology(2.39). As results, trust was needed for the desirable relationship between buyers and suppliers. This study has some limitations. The data in this study were collected from only buyer. It is more desired to acquire data from suppliers also.