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Objective To evaluate facial nerve(FN),cochlear nerve(CN)development by magnetic resonance hydrography of the inner ear.Methods 91 cases with normal hearing infants from 0 to 36 months underwent MR head scan and magnetic resonance hydrography of the inner ear.FN,CN long diameter (LD)and short diameter (SD)in oblique sagittal reconstruction imaging were measured.Results 91 cases(182 ears)were divided to 0-12 months as 1st,group (N=35),13-24 months as the 2ed,group (N=36),25-36 months as the 3rd,group (N=20)according to age,in which FN (154 ears,84.6%),CN(170 ears,93.4%)were showed clearly.FN’s LD, SD and Cross-section area(CSA)were 0.76 mm± 0.14 mm,0.50 mm± 0.12 mm,0.30 mm± 0.11 mm,and CN ’s LD,SD and CSA were 0.98 mm± 0.14 mm,0.63 mm± 0.11 mm,0.49 mm± 0.13 mm respectively comparison between groups it was showed that in hearing normal infant growth process,CN,FN development did not vary and change for the left and right side,gender and age.Conclusion MRI measurement of FN,CN diameter and cross-sectional area size provides an important reference on the assess-ment of CN,FN growth condition in infants with normal hearing.
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Objective To explore on location of the segments of the facial nerve being easy to damage in mastoid surgery.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted according to the clinical data of 97cases with chronic suppurative otitis media performed with radical mastoidectomy (or radical mastoidectomy + tympanoplasty) from May 2010 to September 2012,and summarized the methods to locate the segment of the facial nerve being easy to damage in operation.Results ①One case of congenital defect of facial nerve canal was found in 97 cases.②The horizontal segments of the facial nerve of 97 cases were successfully located depending on combined/partial anatomic landmarks including eminence of the lateral semicircular canal,short limb of incus,cochlearform process,tympanic tegmen,stapes.③The pyramidal segment of facial nerve of 97 cases were successfully located depending on combined/partial anatomic landmarks including eminence of the lateral semicircular canal,short limb of incus.④The proximal part of vertical segment of the facial nerve of 97 cases were successfully located depending on combined /partial anatomic landmarks including short limb of incus,chorda tympani nerve,pyramidal eminence,eminence of the lateral semicircular canal.Conclusion The eminence of the lateral semicircular canal,short limb of incus,cochlearform process,tympanic tegmen,stapes,pyramidal eminence,chorda tympani nerve in the area in which the facial nerve being easy to damage are important landmarks by which the segment of facial nerve easy to damage might be located in mastoid surgery.
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Objective To investigate the course of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve and to discuss its clinical significant in the rhytidectomy. Methods The distribution of the mandibular branch was observed in 30 halves of the fifteen candaveric specimens (ten antiseptic cadaveric specimens and five fresh cadaveric specimens). Results The mandibular branch could be divided into the isolated branch type and shared branch type, after it exited from the parotid gland. 63.33 % mandibular branch was found (2.1?0.7) cm superior to the palpable edge of the mandibular bone; 23.33 % mandibular branch was along the edge of the bone; and 13.33 % was found (1.8?0.5)cm inferior to the palpable edge of the bone. Conclusion The distribution of the mandibular branch locates in the area that is a digit superior and inferior to the lower border of the mandibular bone, which arises from the angle of the mandibular bone. The dissection beneath the SMAS-platysma should be with caution of the injury of the ramification of mandibular branch in the anterior border of the masseter muscle.[