Baseline anthropometric measurements and obesity among students in Sagamu, Ogun State, southwest, Nigeria

Objectives: This study was designed to determine the anthropometric characteristics and prevalence of obesity among secondary and undergraduate students in Sagamu. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a selection of 260 students aged 10 to 33 years in Sagamu using a convenience sampling method. The weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences of each subject were measured. The body mass index was then calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and p-values< 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The age ranges were 1o to 17 years (Secondary school (SS) students) and 14 to 33 years (undergraduate students). There were 130 students in each group, comprising 52.7% males and 47.4% females. Underweight was commoner among the SS students (20.8% versus 6.2%). Most of the subjects were of normal weight 52.3% in SS and 68.5% in undergraduates. Only 3.1% of SS students were obese compared to 4.6% of undergraduate students. The mean BMI of SS students (22.2± 0.39 versus 23.24±0.34) was statistically lower (p=0.019). The mean waist circumference of SS students (66.92±0.44 versus 74.64±0.67) was also statistically lower (p=0.000). The mean BMI of SS students was higher in females than in male subjects (23.14±0.62 versus 20.86±0.42). The mean waist and hip circumferences and BMI were lower in female subjects for both study groups. Conclusions: The mean BMI and hip circumferences were higher in female subjects while the mean waist circumferences were lower in females than males in both study groups.

The Association between Thigh Circumference and Lipids Profile in Korean Population: The Korea Medical Institute Study

OBJECTIVE: We performed a study of the relationship between thigh circumference and serum lipids. METHODS: A total of 314,842 Korean men and women aged 30 to 79 enrolled in the Korea Medical Institute for medical examination between February 2010 and December 2011 were included. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of thigh circumference with various lipid profiles after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, smoking, and exercise. RESULTS: The average age of study participants was 42.3 years (42.6 years in men and 41.9 years in women). The mean thigh circumference was 53.2 cm (54.3 cm in men and 51.5 cm in women). Thigh circumference was positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference in both men and women. Before adjusting for BMI and waist circumference, thigh circumference was also positively correlated with total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride / HDL cholesterol ratio. However, after adjusting for those two variables, the positive correlations became almost disappeared and showed opposite direction indicating that BMI and waist circumference were qualitative confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: A small thigh circumference was associated with increasing levels of lipid profiles including triglyceride and decreasing level of HDL cholesterol. Through additional researches, establishment of causality is necessary.

The Usefulness of Hip to Thigh Ratio as an Anthropometric Indicator for the Incidence of Hip Fracture

PURPOSE: To compare anthropometric indicators around the hip between osteoporotic fracture group and control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients for osteoporotic hip fracture and the same number of patients for spine fracture who admitted our institute from November 2006 to March 2007 were matched with control patients without osteoporotic fracture. The waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), thigh circumference (TC), and height were measured. From these measurements, waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to thigh ratio (WTR), hip to thigh ratio (HTR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), hip to height ratio (HHtR), and thigh to height ratio (THtR) were calculated. All these indicators were compared between hip fracture and control group, and between spine fracture and control group. RESULTS: Comparison between spine fracture and control group showed that the WC, WHR, WHtR were statistically significant, but all indicators failed to show accuracy in the ROC analysis. Comparison between hip fracture and control group demonstrated the TC, WTR, HTR, WHtR, HHtR, THtR were statistically significant. However, only the HTR showed fair accuracy in the ROC analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of the HTR was 0.75 (95% confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.87) (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The HTR was fairly accurate in predicting the incidence of hip fracture compared with any other anthropometric indicators. Therefore, we can consider that the HTR has clinical usefulness.

A Study on Comparison of the Physical Growth between the Korean and the Japanese Young Adults(18-29 yrs.) / 체질인류학회지

The physical conditions of the Korean and the Japanese young adults (aged 18-29) were analyzed for the 10 important body dimensions such as stature, body weight, sitting height, chest circumference, and etc.. The Korean data published in 1979 and 1992 were compared with the Japanese data published in 1984 and 1994, respectively. Also, the physical developments and the sex differences of the Korean in past 13 years were compared with those of Japanese. The results are as follows. 1) The stature, sitting height and perineum height of the Korean young male and female are significantly smaller than those of the Japanese. 2) In the past, the chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, body weight of the Korean are larger values than those of the Japanese. But, there are no significant differences in recent surveys. 3) Most body dimensions of male show significantly larger than those of female in the two countries. 4) There is no significant difference in thigh circumference between the Korean male and female in 1992. 5) There are no significant differences in thigh circumference between the '84 Japanese male and female and in hip circumference between the '94 Japanese male and female. 6) Compared with the results of the past surveys, the relative body weight, perineum height, and chest circumference of female to male are decreased in the two countries. But, the relative hip circumference of female to male are increased in both countries.

Clinical Measurement of the Distal Thigh Atrophy / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The distal thigh atrophy is a frequently associated sigh in the presence of knee pathology, and it is usually proved by the difference of the distal thigh circumference using tapeline measurement. But the proper position of measurement is known at this moment. From January of 1988 to December of 1991, we have 320 patients who had knee problems. Among them, 50 patients were selected as a sample of this study. We measured distal thigh circumference of normal and abnormal side by patella and also real circumference and area by taking cross sectional C-T image at each point of measurement. The obtained data are analysed by SPSS for statistical treatment. And the results are as follows: 1) We notice the largest difference on the point of 10cm above superior pole of patella. 2) The vastus medialis is the most conspicuously atrophied muscle among quadriceps and the atrophy of hamstring is minimal. 3) We have experienced the largest difference in cruciate ligament injury but a little difference in meniscus pathology. 4) There is no significantly difference between tapeline measurement and real circumference. As a conclusion of study, The position of 10cm above from the patella upper pole is the best site of clinical measurement of distal thigh circumference, and the muscle mainly associated with artophy is vastus medialis.