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Diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN） is a neurodegenerative disease of diabetes mellitus involving peripheral nervous system damage， which is characterized by axonal degenerative necrosis， Schwann cell apoptosis and demyelination of nerve myelin sheath as the main pathological features， this disease is highly prevalent and is a major cause of disability in diabetic patients. Currently， the pathogenesis of DPN may be related to oxidative stress， inflammatory response， metabolic abnormality， and microcirculation disorder. The treatment of DPN in modern medicine mainly starts from controlling blood glucose， nourishing nerves and improving microcirculation， which can only alleviate the clinical symptoms of patients， and it is difficult to fundamentally improve the pathological damage of peripheral nerves. Mitochondrial quality control refers to the physiological mechanisms that can maintain the morphology and functional homeostasis of mitochondria， including mitochondrial biogenesis， mitochondrial dynamics， mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial autophagy， and abnormal changes of which may cause damage to peripheral nerves. After reviewing the literature， it was found that traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） can improve the low level of mitochondrial biogenesis in DPN， maintain the balance of mitochondrial dynamics， inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial autophagy， and delay apoptosis of Schwann cells and neural axon damage， which has obvious effects on the treatment of DPN. With the deepening of research， mitochondrial quality control may become one of the potential targets for the research of new anti-DPN drugs， therefore， this paper summarized the research progress of TCM in treating DPN based on four aspects of mitochondrial quality control， with the aim of providing a theoretical research basis for the discovery of new drugs.
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ObjectiveTo objectively analyze the effects of traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） multi-channel intervention on the ovarian function，TCM syndromes and natural conception of poor ovarian responders（kidney-Yin deficiency，liver depression and blood stasis pattern） who planned to receive another in vitro fertilization embryo transfer（IVF-ET）antagonist regimen. MethodThe 128 low-prognosis patients （kidney Yin deficiency，liver depression and blood stasis pattern） who attended the West China Second University Hospital， Sichuan University and the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2020 to February 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were selected，and then divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the random number table，with 64 patients in each group. The control group was treated with oral dehydroepiandrosterone（DHEA），while the treatment group was treated with multi-channel TCM（oral TCM decoction + auricular point sticking + Bushen Huoxue prescription through retention enema）. After 3 menstrual cycles，the relevant indicators for ovarian function evaluation，TCM syndrome scores and natural conception were collected from both groups. ResultCompared with the situation before treatment，the basal follicle stimulating hormone（bFSH），bFSH/basal luteinizing hormone（bLH），basal estradiol（bE2），antral follicle count（AFC），the number of oocytes obtained，the number of normal fertilization，the number of superior embryos and TCM syndrome scores in the treatment group were improved after treatment（P<0.05，P<0.01）. For the control group， the bFSH/bLH and TCM syndrome scores were increased after treatment（P<0.05）， while the bFSH，bFSH/bLH，bE2，AFC，the number of oocytes obtained，the number of normal fertilization，and the number of superior embryos showed no significant difference after treatment. Compared with the control group after treatment，bFSH，bFSH/bLH，bE2，AFC，the number of normal fertilization，the number of superior embryos and TCM syndrome scores in the treatment group were better （P<0.05，P<0.01），while there was no significant difference in the number of oocytes obtained. After treatment，there were 3 cases of natural conception in the treatment group，while there were no natural conception in the control group. ConclusionFor patients with poor ovarian response and kidney Yin deficiency，liver depression and blood stasis pattern，multi-channel intervention of TCM plus the antagonist regimen can reduce bFSH，bFSH/bLH values，improve the levels of bE2，increase AFC，the number of oocytes obtained，the number of normal fertilization and the number of superior embryos，improve ovarian function，menstruation and TCM syndromes，improve their quality of life，and even enable some patients to get pregnant naturally before re-progression and improve their pregnancy outcome.
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A chronic refractory wound is caused by continuous skin damage. At the same time， it may be formed due to repeated infection， vascular insufficiency， diabetes， tumors， chronic osteomyelitis， and other reasons， resulting in wound repair interruption and recovery delay. Chronic refractory wound seriously affects the quality of life of patients and consumes a lot of medical resources. Polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） are the effective components of most TCM. Modern pharmacological studies have found that polysaccharides contained in TCM have anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， anti-radiation， hypoglycemic， antiviral， anti-tumor， hypolipidemic， and immunomodulatory effects. Through the summary and analysis of the literature， it was found that the mechanism of polysaccharides in TCM to promote chonic refractory wound repair was mainly realized from the following aspects： firstly， regulating inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） or regulating macrophage-related inflammatory proteins and chemotactic proteins like MIP-2， MCP-1， to shorten the inflammatory period. Secondly， activating growth factors like platelet-derived growth fator （PDGF）， basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF）， TGF-α， and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） to recruit endothelial cells and fibroblasts into tissue proliferation. Thirdly， activationg VEGF and its downstream receptor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 （VEGFR-1） and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 （VEGFR-2）-mediatated protein kinase C/extracellular regulated kinases （PKC/ERK） signaling pathway or promoting angiogenesie and improving wound blood flow through angiotensin （ANG）. Fourthly， promoting the ablility of collagen synthesis by enhancing the secretion of hydroxyproline and hyaluronic acid （HA） from fibroblasts （FB） and regulating relevant matrix metalloenzymes and their enzyme inhibitor to regulate the extracellular matrix. Fifthly， eliminating free radiccals to reduce the damage caused by oxidative stress to tissue. Sixthly， enhancing the phagocytic ability of macrophages， the activity of natural killer cells， and the proliferation of T cells to improve the defense ability of tissue. Polysaccharides in TCM can repair wounds in many ways at the same time. Its advantage lies in the multiple targets and multiple pathways. It is expected that the research will pay more attention to the mechanism of wound repair by polysaccharide components in TCM when improving the treatment of chronic refractory wounds.
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Aural vertigo frequently encountered in the otolaryngology department of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） mainly involves peripheral vestibular diseases of Western medicine， such as Meniere's disease， benign paroxysmal positional vertigo， vestibular neuritis， and vestibular migraine， being a hot research topic in both TCM and Western medicine. Western medical therapies alone have unsatisfactory effects on recurrent aural vertigo， aural vertigo affecting the quality of life， aural vertigo not relieved after surgery， aural vertigo with complex causes， and children's aural vertigo. The literature records and clinical practice have proven that TCM demonstrates unique advantages in the treatment of aural vertigo. The China Association of Chinese medicine sponsored the "17th youth salon on the diseases responding specifically to TCM： Aural vertigo" and invited vertigo experts of TCM and Western medicine to discuss the difficulties and advantages of TCM diagnosis and treatment of aural vertigo. The experts deeply discussed the achievements and contributions of TCM and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of aural vertigo， the control and mitigation of the symptoms， and the solutions to disease recurrence. The discussion clarified the positioning and advantages of TCM treatment and provided guidance for clinical and basic research on aural vertigo.
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Enzymes are widely used in chemical and pharmaceutical industries because of their advantages of high efficiency and specificity. However， the shortcomings of the free enzymes， such as poor stability and difficulty in recycling， limit their application. Therefore， the immobilization and application of enzymes have become one of the research hotspots. The selection of the immobilization carriers is a critical step in the process of enzyme immobilization. Metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）， a kind of porous materials， are formed by the coordination of metal ions or metal clusters with organic ligands. As an emerging immobilization carrier， its advantages such as high porosity， strong stability， and surface modifiability make it ideal for immobilized enzyme carriers. By immobilizing the free enzyme on MOFs， the above mentioned deficiencies of the free enzymes can be effectively solved， which greatly broaden the applicable condition. Ligand fishing is a method to find receptor-specific ligands from complex components， which has the advantages of high efficiency， simple sample pretreatment and high specificity. The MOF-enzyme complex formed by enzyme immobilization can act as a "fishing rod" for ligand fishing， which can screen out the targets from the complex system of components. The complex chemical composition and various active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） make the ligand fishing technology to play a big role in the screening of enzyme inhibitors from TCM. And the screened enzyme inhibitors are expected to be further developed into the lead compounds with good efficacy and low adverse effects， so the immobilized enzymes of MOFs have a wide application in the screening of active ingredients from TCM. Based on this， this paper summarized the methods of immobilized enzymes of MOFs in recent years， analyzed the characteristics， advantages and disadvantages of each method， and summarized the laws of preparation conditions and mechanisms. Meanwhile， the application and future development of immobilized enzymes of MOFs in the field of enzyme inhibitor screening from TCM were also summarized and prospected， with a view to providing a reference for the development of natural ingredients and the modernization of TCM.
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Patients with cancer-related fatigue are prone to symptoms and signs such as anorexia， weight loss， and abdominal distension， which seriously reduces the quality of life and becomes an independent risk factor affecting the survival rate of patients with malignant tumors. Therefore， it is urgent to find effective treatment strategies and drugs. In the past， the academic viewpoint of improving syndromes—a new strategy for tumor treatment was proposed based on the guidance of the Luobing theory. Based on this， this article proposes the pathogenesis of cancer-related fatigue is characterized by spleen and kidney deficiency， stasis and toxin internal obstruction， as well as the treatment method of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidney， resolving blood stasis and detoxification guided by the core theory of the Qiluo doctrine of Chengzhi Tiaoping. The representative drug Yangzheng Xiaoji capsules has been developed， not only has good therapeutic effect on solid tumors， but also shows good advantages in treating cancer-related fatigue， which can help to restore the homeostasis of tumor bearing survival in patients with malignant tumors and provide new drug choices for the clinical treatment of cancer-related fatigue.
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Under the national policy background of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）registration review and approval reform， TCM preparations in medical institutions（hereinafter referred to as medical institution preparations） have human use experience， conform to the characteristics of TCM clinical practice， and have advantages in the research and development of innovative Chinese medicines. Therefore， the research and development mode based on clinical experience prescription-medical institution preparations-innovative Chinese medicines has attracted widespread attention from the industry. However， in the process of development and use of medical institution preparations， there are generally clinical problems that restrict their transformation into innovative Chinese medicines， resulting in a relatively weak collection basis of human use experience and insufficient clinical evidence for supporting the research and development of new TCM medicines. In this paper， on the basis of sorting out the supporting regulations and relevant technical requirements of human use experience， and analyzing the clinical problems restricting the transformation of medical institution preparations， it provides suggestions for medical institutions to carry out high-quality research on human use experience of preparations in the process of TCM clinical practice from the aspects of continuously exploring clinical value， improving the construction of information system， focusing on the TCM clinical practice and giving full play to the advantages of discipline cooperation. By realizing the whole life cycle management of medical institution preparations based on three-combination evaluation evidence system， we can promote the transformation of medical institution preparations into innovative Chinese medicines.
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ObjectiveTo explore the distribution and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in patients with endometriosis （EMS）. MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted to analyze the characteristics of TCM syndromes in 1 895 cases of EMS in hospitals of 19 provinces， autonomous regions， and municipalities. ResultAmong the 1 895 patients， Qistagnation and blood stasis syndrome accounted for the highest proportion， followed by Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome， and kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. The distribution of TCM syndrome types of patients with EMS in different regions， different treatment stages， and different disease types and with different therapeutic goals was different， and the differences were statistically significant. However， under different conditions， the Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome accounted for the highest proportion. Under the stratification of different regions， the cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome in north China was relatively high， the kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in south China was relatively high， and the combined phlegm and stasis syndrome was relatively high in southwest China. Different diagnosis and treatment goals corresponded to different clinical syndromes. With pelvic pain as the main manifestation， the proportion of cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome was higher. The proportion of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was higher in married patients with infertility. Patients with the main diagnosis and treatment goals of controlling mass and inhibiting recurrence had a higher proportion of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. In different treatment stages， the proportion of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in postoperative patients and those with recurrent EMS was higher. Among different disease types， the Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome accounted for a higher proportion in patients with ovarian endometriosis （OEM）. The cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome accounted for a higher proportion in patients with deep invasive endometriosis （DIE）. The kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome accounted for a higher proportion in patients with peritoneal EMS. There were significant differences in age， body mass index （BMI）， and course of disease among patients with different syndromes. Patients with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was relatively older， and their course of the disease was relatively long. Patients with combined phlegm and stasis syndrome had relatively high BMI. There was no significant difference in CA125 and CA199 levels among all syndrome types. ConclusionThe distribution of TCM syndromes of EMS has a certain regularity， and there are differences in regional distribution， therapeutic goals， treatment stages， and disease types（P<0.05）. However， the Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome accounts for a large proportion under different conditions， suggesting that Qi stagnation is the key link of EMS. In the early stage， the team took relieving depression and activating blood as the primary treatment， and created Huoxue Xiaoyi prescription， which was the core prescription for the treatment of EMS with Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome， achieving good clinical effect. At the same time， it is emphasized that EMS treatment should be integrated into the concept of chronic disease management and combined with health management. Through psychological counseling， cognitive behavior intervention， popular science lectures， and other methods， it is advised to adjust the emotion of patients with EMS， thereby increasing the curative effect. This study is expected to provide references for the clinical treatment of EMS.
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With Zang-Fu organs, meridians, Qi and blood, and body fluid as the physiological and pathological basis, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory is guided by the holistic concept and characterized by syndrome differentiation. It has made significant contributions to human health maintenance and disease prevention. Modern TCM preparation is developed on the basis of inheriting and developing TCM preparations using modern science and technology under the guidance of TCM theory. At present, the incidence and mortality of common tumors are increasing. TCM has rich clinical experience in the treatment of tumors. However, in the current stage, some TCM preparations have a tendency to deviate from the guidance of TCM theory. With the modernization of TCM, it is worth considering how TCM theory guides modern TCM preparations. Taking tumor treatment as an example, this paper introduced the development of TCM nano-preparation under the influence of modern nanotechnology, summarized the research on the development of modern TCM nano-preparation from the aspects of TCM holistic concept, TCM treatment principles, and TCM theory application, and discussed the application prospect of TCM nano-preparation in overall therapy, drug pairing, carrier selection, and targeted substance selection under the guidance of TCM theory. This paper provides new references for further developing the combination of tradition and modernization of TCM nano-preparation.
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Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Produtos Biológicos , Nanotecnologia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Chinese medicine self-assembly nano-strategies（CSAN） is to utilize the self-assembly property of Chinese medicine components， so that the Chinese medicine components can self-assemble to form structurally stable nano-preparations through non-covalent interactions. The formation of Chinese medicine self-assembly nano-preparations is often a synergistic result of a variety of non-covalent interactions， and many Chinese medicine monomers are susceptible to self-assembly due to their structural characteristics， and the phenomenon of self-assembly of Chinese medicine is also common in the decoction of single or compound Chinese medicine， which has attracted the attention of researchers. It is found that CSAN can improve the solubility and bioavailability of active components in Chinese medicine， which is of positive significance for the development and application of insoluble components of Chinese medicine. The self-assembly phenomenon of Chinese medicine decoction is closely related to the therapeutic efficacy， and the study of self-assembly phenomenon of Chinese medicine will bring a new perspective for the explanation of the mechanism of Chinese medicine decoction. At the same time， traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has unique advantages in the field of anti-tumor. The application of CSAN in the field of oncology can not only exert the anti-tumor effect of the active components of Chinese medicine directly， but also act as a natural nano-carrier to carry chemotherapy drugs for combination chemotherapy， improve the targeting of drugs， enhance the anti-tumor efficacy， and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy， which has excellent anti-tumor potential. The preparation method of Chinese medicine self-assembly nano-preparations is simple， low cost， and has better safety than traditional nano-preparations， which is conducive to the promotion of the clinical transformation of nano-preparations， and also helps to provide new strategies and perspectives for promoting the modernization of TCM. Therefore， based on a large number of researches in this field in recent years， this paper reviewed the formation mechanism， different assembly forms， formation conditions and stability of Chinese medicine self-assembly nano-preparations by searching databases such as China national knowledge infrastructure（CNKI）， PubMed， WanFang data and VIP， and summarized the application of CSAN in different tumor therapies， providing a reference for further research on CSAN.
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@#,Objective To analyze the current status and development trends of the patents of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China, and to provide ideas and references for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food. @*Methods@#The State Administration for Market Regulation website’s “Special Food Information Query Platform” and the incoPat global patent database were searched in this study. Based on the methods of bibliometrics, the registered health food and patents related to spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China were sorted out. Furthermore, the research and development numbers, provinces, institutions, technology and efficacy classification, major drugs, active ingredients and others of invigorating spleen health food in China were analyzed, and filtered patent data were visualized and analyzed by R programming language and CytoScape software. @*Results@# A total of 285 patents of health food with the homology of medicine and food for invigorating spleen were included and analyzed. From 2012, the patent registration numbers of these spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food increased significantly in China. Over the past 20 years, the top five provinces in terms of patent disclosures were Guangdong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Guangxi. It was found that the technical efficacy of over 20 patents was described as “immune enhancement” “digestion” “disease prevention”, etc. Patent applications were mainly aimed at the research and development of the preservation of food or ingredients, the specific therapeutic activity of compounds, and pharmaceutical preparations, which were led by corporation research and development registrations, and supplemented by applications from research institutions and individuals. Among the 285 patents, the top 10 raw materials of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food were Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fengmi (Mel), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Dangshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). The main functions were to nourish spleen and replenish Qi, invigorate spleen and benefit lungs, nourish blood and promote fluid production, and nourish spleen and stomach. @*Conclusion@#The main drug composition and functional components of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food are relatively clear, and the technical effects of invigorating the spleen and stomach, eliminating accumulation of food, and enhancing immunity are highly targeted. This paper provides evidence for the research and development, mechanism research, and process improvement of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in the future.
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@#[Objective] To construct a Nomogram model for the prediction of essential hypertension (EH) risks with the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements principles in conjunction with cutting-edge biochemical detection technologies. [Methods] A case-control study was conducted, involving 301 patients with essential hypertension in the hypertensive group and 314 without in the control group. Comprehensive data, including the information on the four TCM diagnoses, general data, and blood biochemical indicators of participants in both groups, were collected separately for analysis. The differentiation principles of syndrome elements were used to discern the location and nature of hypertension. One-way analysis was carried out to screen for potential risk factors of the disease. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify factors that contribute significantly to the model, and eliminate possible collinearity problems. At last, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to both screen and quantify independent risk factors essential for the prediction model. The “rms” package in the R Studio was used to construct the Nomogram model, creating line segments of varying lengths based on the contribution of each risk factor to aid in the prediction of risks of hypertension. For internal model validation, the Bootstrap program package was utilized to perform 1000 repetitions of sampling and generate calibration curves. [Results] The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of EH included age, heart rate (HR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), uric acid (UA) levels, family medical history, sleep patterns (early awakening and light sleep), water intake, and psychological traits (depression and anger). Additionally, TCM syndrome elements such as phlegm, Yin deficiency, and Yang hyperactivity contributed to the risk of EH onset as well. TCM syndrome elements liver, spleen, and kidney were also considered the risk factors of EH. Next, the Nomogram model was constructed using the aforementioned 14 risk predictors, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.868 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 0.840 to 0.895. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were found to be 80.7% and 85.0%, respectively. Internal validation confirmed the model’s robust predictive performance, with aconsistency index (C-index) of 0.879, underscoring the model’s strong predictive ability. [Conclusion] By integrating TCM syndrome elements, the Nomogram model has realized the objective, qualitative, and quantitative selection of early warning factors for developing EH, resulting in the creation of a more comprehensive and precise prediction model for EH risks.
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In recent years， the incidence of colorectal cancer has been rising in China， and with the promotion of early screening and early diagnosis， most colorectal cancers are able to achieve long-term survival through timely diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless， 30%-70% of patients with early to mid-stage colorectal cancer after radical surgery still have psychological problems such as anxiety， depression， and fear of recurrence and metastasis， and they hope to seek help from traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） treatment. In order to further standardize the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine psychological rehabilitation interventions of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ colorectal cancer after radical surgery， and to improve the diagnosis and treatment level， under the support of the pilot project of clinical collaboration between Chinese and western medicine for major and difficult diseases of National Administration of TCM， experts in oncology， integrated Chinese and western medicine， psychology， surgery， nursing， evidence-based medicine and other disciplines from 10 units nationwide participated in the work， led by Xiyuan Hospital，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Beijing Cancer Hospital. Based on the methodology and process of guideline development of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development and the Regulations for Group Standards of China Association of Chinese Medicine， the Guidelines for Psychological Rehabilitation Intervention Combined Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine After Radical Surgery for Early and Middle Stage Colorectal Cancer have been developed according to the current best evidence， extensive consultation with clinical experts and following the situation of current clinical practice. The guideline provides the psychological characteristics， the needs and willingness to accept psychological rehabilitation， the interventions for psychological rehabilitation， evaluation of efficacy， follow-up review， educational guidance and others of patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ colorectal cancer after radical surgery. It can provide guidance for TCM（integrated Chinese and western medicine） clinicians and psychologists engaged in the psychological rehabilitation of integrated Chinese and western medicine oncology， especially for doctors in primary medical institutions.
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Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors with high morbidity， and changes in lifestyle， dietary structure and environment in China in recent decades have been associated with an increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer. A large number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） can be used as a complementary and alternative treatment for colorectal cancer after conventional western medicine treatment. TCM physicians have accumulated a lot of clinical experience in the treatment of patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ colorectal cancer， and have proved that TCM has unique efficacy， but there is still a lack of relevant clinical practice guidelines to standardize and guide the diagnosis and treatment of TCM. Based on this， according to the guideline development process of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development and the Clinical Evidence Grading Criteria on TCM Based on Evidence Body， under the framework of relevant laws， regulations and technical guidance documents， combined with the evidence of relevant domestic and foreign clinical research in recent years for evidence grading and opinion recommendation， and then the Guidelines for TCM Intervention After Conventional Western Medicine Treatment for Stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ Colorectal Cancer were developed by expert consensus. This guideline introduces the etiology， pathogenesis， syndrome differentiation and treatment of TCM intervention for colorectal cancer， which can provide guiding opinions for TCM clinicians and clinicians of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine engaged in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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In recent years，with the change in lifestyle and social environment and the increase in pressure in both life and work，male fertility has decreased significantly in China，and the incidence of male infertility has increased year by year，which has brought great challenges to andrologists. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a definite curative effect in the treatment of male infertility and is widely applied in clinical practice. In order to clarify the role of TCM in different types and each stage of male infertility，the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） invited outstanding young andrologists in the clinic of TCM and western medicine to discuss topics such as idiopathic oligospermia and teratospermia，abnormal semen liquefaction，varicocele，immune infertility，improving success ratio of assisted reproductive technology，and ameliorating depression or anxiety. They conducted in-depth discussions on the advantages，characteristics，disadvantages，diseases responding specifically，and advantageous aspects of TCM treatment. The causes of male infertility and related links of treatment were summarized. Due to the unclear etiology and complex pathogenesis of male infertility，western medicine cannot achieve a good curative effect，while TCM，taking the holistic view as the core，specializes in improving functional diseases and can correspond to multiple targets and factors，with comprehensive treatments such as internal treatment and external treatment. This study summarized the advantageous diseases and advantageous stages of TCM treatment alone and integrated TCM and western medicine treatment and put forward suggestions for the treatment of the diseases by TCM and western medicine in order to promote the therapeutic effects and advantages of TCM among andrologists，increase mutual learning and communication between TCM and western physicians，provide patients with excellent and personalized treatment plans in clinical practice，and improve the curative effect of male infertility and fertility of males in China.
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Colorectal cancer （CRC） is one of the refractory malignant tumors of the digestive system worldwide. With limitations， the available clinical therapies are usually suspended or show unsatisfactory effect. Therefore， it is urgent to find and develop new candidate drugs specifically targeting the cancer with ideal efficacy， low toxicity， and low cost， and the solutions can be found in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） which has a long history. In TCM， sovereign， ministry， assistant， and guiding medicinals are selected based on the syndrome differentiation， and it has shown remarkable efficacy on CRC in recent years. In particular， Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals which have been applied in clinical settings are advantageous in the treatment of CRCs， as they improve the quality of life， alleviate clinical symptoms and toxic and side effects of chemotherapy， and prolong the survival of patients. Therefore， we retrieved the English and Chinese articles with "CRC"， "TCM"， "compound" and "monomer" as keywords， and summarized the progress in the treatment of CRC with Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals from four aspects of "replenishing Qi and invigorating spleen"， "clearing heat and removing toxin"， "nourishing liver and kidney"， and "tonifying Qi and nourishing blood". However， Chinese medicine features multiple components， multiple targets， and multiple pathways， and in-depth research should be carried out on the application of Chinese medicinal compounds and monomers from Chinese medicinals in the treatment of CRC， in an attempt to minimize the pain and side effects and maximize the therapeutic effect. This study is expected to provide new insight into the treatment of CRC and a reference for further research on the efficacy and mechanism of Chinese medicine.
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BackgroundIn order to implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China， and the Opinions on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）， to regularly summarize the research results of TCM， to present the academic progress of TCM dynamically， and to give full play to the academic leadership of academic groups， the China Association of Chinese Medicine had organized the selection of the top 10 academic progress of TCM in 2022. The selection work adhered to the four orientations， eliminated the four only， highlighted the solution of clinical problems， answered scientific questions， led the development of the industry， reflected the exploratory and forward-looking， innovative and breakthrough， focused on new laws， new discoveries， new methods， new products， new theories in the field of basic research and applied basic research in TCM. After dynamic collection， preliminary examination， review and final judgment， the top 10 academic progress of TCM in 2022 were determined.
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Diabetes retinopathy （DR） is an important cause that threatens the visual health of adults. There are some treatment methods of western medicine with definite efficacy， such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and laser photocoagulation， but they have many adverse reactions such as intraocular infection and visual field damage. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapies are safe and effective， which can complement western medicine. Phosphatidylinositol3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway regulates a range of processes including glucose metabolism， cell proliferation， and cell transcription and apoptosis， which is closely related to the occurrence and development of DR. Numerous studies have shown that TCM monomers can participate in maintaining the integrity of blood-retinal barrier and inhibiting retinal neovascularization and neurodegeneration in many aspects such as inhibiting oxidative stress and alleviating inflammatory reaction by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway， so as to delay the progress of DR. Therefore， this study reviewed PI3K/Akt pathway and its relationship with DR， as well as the TCM monomers in interfering with DR based on PI3K/Akt pathway to provide some ideas for the prevention and treatment of DR in integrated TCM and western medicine.
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） is a frequently and commonly occurring disease in clinic. In recent decades， with the development in pathophysiology and drug researches， modern medicine has achieved remarkable progress and results in diagnosis and treatment. However， the treatments for non-erosive reflux disease， refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease， proton pump inhibitor resistance， overlap of disease symptoms， and extraesophageal symptoms are limited and ineffective. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） was widely used in clinical practice， which has been proved effective in relieving symptoms and improving the quality of life. Sponsored by China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and undertaken by the Spleen and Stomach Disease Branch of CACM， "the 12th Youth Salon of Clinical Predominance Disease Series （GERD）" invited 18 authoritative digestive experts of TCM and western medicine to discuss "the difficulties of clinical diagnosis and treatment of GERD and TCM advantages". The focus issues such as modern medical diagnosis and treatment achievements and contributions， improvement and maintenance of symptoms， response to overlapping disease symptoms， reduction and withdrawal of acid suppressors， and treatment of extra-esophageal symptoms were discussed in depth. TCM and western medicine exchanged and complemented each other's strengths， combing the difficulties of modern medical diagnosis and treatment， which clarified the positioning and advantages of TCM and provided guidance for clinical and scientific research.
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Subacute thyroiditis， a common inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland， needs drug therapies due to fever， pain and other symptoms. Glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs） are mainly used to treat this disease， while they may lead to severe side effects and high recurrence. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） demonstrates definite efficacy in alleviating the symptoms and shortening the disease course. The theory of excessive Qi causing fire holds that the excessive Qi of six excesses， seven emotions， or Yang hyperactivity in the Zangfu organs turns into fire and heat， resulting in pathological changes. According to this theory， this paper proposes the research on the pathogenesis and therapies of subacute thyroiditis can be started from the perspectives of Qi and fire. The disordered daily life causes internal injury of body and mind， predominant Yang Qi， or deficiency fire flaming upward， which leads to the invasion of six excesses and pathogenic toxins. Both the internal and external disorders induce the stagnation and the abnormal ascending and descending of Qi. The excessive Qi generates fire， the accumulation of which causes phlegm and stasis in front of the neck， eventually leading to the occurrence of subacute thyroiditis. The clinical and pathogenic characteristics of subacute thyroiditis indicate that the occurrence of this disease is associated with Qi and fire. Therefore， the treatment should focus on purging fire and detoxifying， regulating Qi movement， activating blood， resolving phlegm， and dissipating mass. Shengjiangsan has the effect of clearing heat and toxin， resolving phlegm， dredging collaterals， and dissipating mass， demonstrating definite therapeutic effect on subacute thyroiditis. This paper expounds the mechanism of Shengjiangsan in treating subacute thyroiditis from purging fire and regulating Qi. Furthermore， we preliminarily elaborate on the anti-viral， immunomodulatory， anti-inflammatory， and pain-relieving effects of Shengjiangsan from modern medicine. This paper provides new ideas for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of subacute thyroiditis from the perspectives of Qi and fire and basic ethical support for the clinical and basic research on the treatment of subacute thyroiditis by Shengjiangsan.