Factors related to the use of dental services among adolescents from Gravatai, RS, Brazil, in 2005 / Fatores associados ao uso de servicos odontologicos entre adolescentes de Gravatai, RS, em 2005

Introduction: Access to health services, including those for oral health, depends upon socioeconomic, environmental and individual factors. Moreover, cultural and lifestyle differences also influence the degree to which services are sought. Objective: This study aimed to assess factors associated with the use of dental services among adolescents in the 7th grade of public primary schools from the city of Gravataí, RS, Brazil, in 2005. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out. Data were collected in schools through self-administered questionnaires evaluating demographic, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors, lifestyle, oral health habits and behaviors of 1,170 adolescents, using the Global School-Based Student Health Survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Body Shape Questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out by means of Cox regression modified for cross-sectional studies, using the STATA 6.0 software. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed from a hierarchical conceptual model supported by the literature on hierarchical models. Results: The use of dental services was less frequent among those who reported concern with body image and involvement in fights; those whose parents did not know where they were in their leisure time, those who brushed their teeth less than twice a day, those who did not use dental floss daily, those who reported seeking dental services for curative treatment and those with a lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The results suggest that the use of dental services by adolescents depends upon the interaction of psychosocial and individual factors as well as the family context. .

Introdução: O acesso a serviços, incluindo os serviços odontológicos, depende de fatores socioeconômicos, ambientais e individuais. Por outro lado, as diferenças, culturais e estilo de vida também influenciam o grau em que os serviços são utilizados. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores associados ao uso de serviços odontológicos entre adolescentes da 7a série de escolas públicas do município de Gravataí, RS, no ano de 2005. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo analítico transversal. Os dados foram coletados nas escolas, por meio de questionários autoaplicados, investigando fatores sociodemográficos, psicossociais, estilo de vida, hábitos e comportamentos de saúde bucal em uma amostra de 1.170 adolescentes, usando o Global School-Based Student Health Survey , o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física e o Body Shape Questionnaire . A análise dos dados foi executada no software STATA 6.0, por meio de regressão de Cox modificada para estudos transversais, tendo sido realizadas análises univariada e multivariada a partir de um modelo conceitual hierárquico suportado pela literatura sobre modelos hierárquicos. Resultados: O uso de serviços odontológicos foi menor para aqueles que relataram preocupação com a imagem corporal e envolvimento em brigas, aqueles cujos pais não sabiam onde os filhos estavam em seu tempo livre, que escovavam os dentes menos duas vezes ao dia, aqueles que não usavam fio dental diariamente, que relataram procurar os serviços odontológicos para tratamento curativo, e aqueles com piores condições socioeconômicas. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que o uso de serviços ...

Situaciones de salud bucal en personas adultas mayores: problemas y desafíos / Situations of oral health in greater adult people: problems and challenges

Situaciones de salud bucal en personas adultas mayores: problemas y desafíos. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el estado de salud bucal, las prácticas de autocuidado, la calidad de las prótesis y el uso de los servicios de salud de las personas adultas mayores que asisten a clubes de interacción social. Mediante un estudio de prevalencia se investigó a 234 personas adultas mayores de ambos sexos. Todos ellos provenientes de 15 clubes estratificados por condiciones geográficas y sociales del entorno donde se localizan los clubes. Los principales resultados del estado de salud bucal fueron: a)El 53 por ciento de las personas adultas mayores estudiadas han perdido la totalidad de sus dientes y el 38,4 por ciento con pérdida dental parcial que requiere de rehabilitación protésica para satisfacer la capacidad masticatoria. b)De las personas que conservan al menos un diente en boca, la caries activa es prevalente en el 77,7 por ciento y las periodontopatías en el 52,9 por ciento de esta población y el 83,5 por ciento tiene un deficiente control de la placa dental. c)El 63,9 por ciento de las prótesis superiores y en el 74,2 por ciento de las prótesis inferiores necesitan ser reacondicionadas o renovadas por prótesis bien concebidas. Se concluye que el estado de salud bucal de las personas adultas mayores estudiadas en la presente investigación, puede ser catalogado como un relevante problema de salud pública. La acumulación de daños por problemas bucodentales de la población estudiada requiere de una ampliación de cobertura por parte de los servicios de salud, así como de las acciones de educación para la salud, que contrarresten los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades odontológicas y estomatológicas prevalentes en la población.

Situation of oral health in elderly people: problems and challenges. The goal of the investigation is to identify the condition of oral health on elderly people. The research was developed by the recognition of personal oral health care, also evaluating the quality of dental prosthesis and the use of dental medical services on elderly people who attends clubs of social interaction in Costa Rica. The inquiry was developed through a prevalence study with the participation of 234 elderly people, male and female. All the participants are active members of 15 social clubs. The groups-or social clubs- where stratified by geographic and social conditions, related with the surroundings conditions, especially location. The results reveled by the investigation are: a) From the studied population elderly people, 53% has been lost the totality of their teeth, 38,4% has partial dental loss that requires a rehabilitation dental prosthesis for satisfy the chew capacity, b) From the elderly people who conserve a tooth at least, the active decay is prevalent in 77,7% and 52,9% have periodontal illness, 83,5% have a deficient control of the dental plaque, c) The evaluation of dental prosthesis results are that 63,9% of the superior dental prosthesis and 74,2% of the inferior dental prosthesis, need repairmen or being replaced. The most relevant conclusion of the research is elderly people oral healthcare can be catalogued as serious problem of public health. The accumulation of injuries by oral and dental problems reveled on the research, indicates that elderly adults require an expansion of dental medical service as well as preventing education actions of reduce the factors of risk of the oral diseases and stomatology prevalence in the elderly population.