RESUMO
La fibrosis renal y la consecuente pérdida de las funciones del riñón son elementos comunes en la enfermedad renal crónica. La transición epitelio mesenquimatica (TEM) representa estadios tempranos del proceso de fibrosis. Recientemente se ha vinculado a la inmunidad innata en los procesos de injuria y fibrosis renal. Los pacientes con hiperuricemia presentan una mayor progresión a la enfermedad renal crónica, y mayor prevalencia de hipertensión arterial, induciendo fibrosis renal en modelos animales. No se conoce la participación de la inmunidad innata en la injuria renal inducida por ácido úrico. Para conocer la participación de la inmunidad innata en los procesos de TEM y fibrosis renal inducidos por ácido úrico se recurrió a un modelo desarrollado en rata Wistar macho con elevados niveles de ácido úrico (AOX+U). Para esto se suplementó la dieta con ácido oxónico al 2% (inhibidor de uricasa) y ácido úrico 2% durante 7 semanas. Dos grupos controles fueron considerados para comparar los hallazgos, un grupo con dieta estándar sin los agregados (C) y un segundo grupo control con suplemento de ácido oxónico y úrico, y además allopurinol en agua de bebida (ALL). Los niveles de ácido úrico y urea fueron testeados durante el tratamiento. A las 7 semanas los animales fueron sometidos a eutanasia y tejido renal fue obtenido para análisis de expresión proteica, análisis histológicos (fotónico y electrónico de transmisión) y para estudio mitocondrial: actividad de complejos de cadena respiratoria y respirometria de alta resolución mitocondrial.
SUMMARY: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with renal fibrosis and loss of kidney functions. Epithelial to mesenchimal transition (EMT) represents early stages of fibrosis. Currently the innate immunity has been associated with kidney injury and fibrosis. Hyperuricemic patients have more progression to CKD and higher prevalence of hypertension. Animals models have shown renal fibrosis induced by uric acid. It is not known the role of innate immunity in the uric acid induced damage in kidney. To describe the participation of the innate immunity in EMT and kidney fibrosis induced by uric acid we used a rat model with higher plasma levels of uric acid uric (AOX-U). These rats were feeding with oxonic acid 2% and uric acid 2% in regular chow during 7 weeks. Two control groups were included, control group (C) receiving regular chow without the supplements and the ALL group receiving not only the oxonic and uric acid supplement but also allopurinol in drinking water. The plasmatic uric acid and urea levels were checked during the follow-up. At 7 weeks the animals were euthanized and kidney tissue was harvested to protein expression analysis, histology and mitochondrial physiologic studies.
Assuntos
Animais , Alternativas aos Testes com Animais , Ácido Úrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Hiperuricemia/sangue , Insuficiência Renal CrônicaRESUMO
Relative increase in solubilities of uric acid in aqueous extracts of cucumis melo, eriobotyra japonica, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Pedalium murex and Zea mays were Guantitatively determined in vitro and were found to be 37.2%, 0.8%, 1.3%, 45% and 15.6% respectively. The two major factors which influence the solubilities of uric acid were the presence of metal ions like sodium, magnesium, potassium etc: and the adsorption of macromolecules like carbohydrates etc. on the faces of growing crystals