Relapsing klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses in a non-asian diabetic man / Abcessos hepáticos recidivantes provocados por klebsiella pneumoniae num homem diabético não asiático

The Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive syndrome, first described in Asia, is being reported in other parts of the world. It causes liver abcsesses, with or without extrahepatic lesions. Diabetes mellitus is the most common hosts' underlying condition. It's frequent among asian people, even outside Asia, appearing to exist genetic factors, not yet established, increasing the risk. We present a case of a 55-year-old portuguese white diabetic man, who had a previous hospital admittion due to Klebsiella penumoniae pneumonia and a two-week latter diagnosis of liver abcsess. 4 years latter he was readmitted with nausea, chills, fever and myalgias. He had elevated inflammatory markers and the CT-scan showed 2 liver abscesses. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in blood and antibiotics were given with complete clinical and imaging resolution. We present this case of relapsing Klebsiella pneumonia liver abscesses in a non-asian man emphasizing the growing incidence of this condition in Europe.

O síndrome invasivo provocado por Klebsiella pneumoniae, descrito pela primeira vez na Ásia, tem vindo a ser reportado em outras partes do mundo. Provoca abcessos hepáticos, com ou sem lesões extra-hepáticas associadas. A diabetes mellitus é a condição predisponente do hospedeiro mais comum. É frequente nos indivíduos asiáticos, mesmo fora da Ásia, parecendo existir factores genéticos, ainda não estabelecidos, que aumentam o risco da infecção. Apresentamos o caso de um homem português de 55 anos, diabético que tinha uma admissão prévia no hospital por pneumonia provocada por Klebsiella pneumoniae, com diagnóstico de abcesso hepático 2 semanas depois. 4 anos mais tarde, foi readmitido com um quadro clínico de nauseas, calafrios, febre e mialgias. Apresentava parâmetros inflamatórios elevados e a tomografia computorizada (TC) abdominal revelou 2 abcessos. Foi isolada Klebsiella pneumoniae em hemoculturas e foram administrados antibióticos com completa resolução clínica e imagiológica. Apresentamos este caso de abcessos hepáticos recidivantes por Klebsiella pneumoniae num homem não asiático, enfatizando a incidência crescente desta entidade na Europa.

Neurotoxicidad secundaria a metronidazol: un efecto adverso reversible. Caso clínico / Reversible neurotoxicity secondary to metronidazole report of one case

Metronidazole can cause adverse effects both in the central and peripheral nervous system. We report a 34-year-old female who presented a reversible cerebellar syndrome and peripheral neuropathy as an adverse effect associated with the use of metronidazole. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hyperintense T2 and FLAIR bilateral symmetrical cerebellar lesions, without contrast enhancement or mass effect, isointense in diffusion-weighted imaging and hypointense in apparent diffusion coefficient sequences. Also, electrophysiological evaluation was consistent with axonal polyneuropathy. She had received metronidazole for a liver abscess during 49 days. After discontinuation of metronidazole, she had rapid regression of cerebellar symptoms and normalization of MRI, with subsequent disappearance of peripheral symptoms. The brain MRI, electromyography and nerve conduction studies performed at 35 months later showed complete resolution of the lesions. Although metronidazole neurotoxicity is a rare event, it must be borne in mind because the prognosis is usually favorable after stopping the drug.

Antitoxin treatment for liver abscess caused by Clostridium perfringens

No abstract available.

Situs inversus totalis with liver abscess

A case of multiple liver abscesses in a patient with situs inversus totalis is presented. Initially the patient was treated conservatively and remained symptom free for 4 days of hospital stay. On a follow up visit after 1 week the patient had high grade spiking fever and ultrasonography showed expanding multiple abscesses. The patient was restarted on intravenous antibiotics which resolved the disease

Isolated liver abscesses in melioidosis.

Melioidosis is a suppurative chronic infection caused by a gramnegative bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei. We report two patients who presented with isolated liver abscesses caused by this pathogen. Both patients presented with high-grade fever and abdominal pain. On examination they were toxic and had tender hepatomegaly. Investigations showed leucocytosis and a shift to the left. Early diagnosis of melioidosis was made by culture and growth of Burkholderia pseudomallei from aspirated pus from the abscesses and the patients were treated with ceftazidime and co-trimoxazole. Despite institution of antibiotics both the patients succumbed to their illness. Melioidosis is an emerging infection in the Indian subcontinent and can cause isolated liver abscesses.

Ojo de buey en tomografía hepática / The 'bull's eye' pattern in hepatic tomography

Las infecciones micóticas invasoras se presentan con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con neutropenia posterior al uso de quimioterapia para el tratamiento del cáncer. Se presenta una paciente de 4 años con diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda, quien, luego de la quimioterapia, desarrolló neutropenia febril y diarrea. Recibió tratamiento antibiótico y antimicótico de amplio espectro. Se aisló Candida albicans y se observaron trofozoítos de Entamoeba histolytica en la materia fecal . La paciente desarrolló candidiosis crónica diseminada que fue tratada con anfotericina B y, posteriormente, con fluconazol. Se ilustra la imagen tomográfica conocida como 'ojo de buey' y su correspondiente estudio histopatológico. Candida spp. es la levadura más común en pacientes inmunosuprimidos con tumores hematológicos que reciben quimioterapia. La candidiosis diseminada que se presenta en estos pacientes persiste y se hace evidente clínicamente una vez se resuelve la neutropenia; se denomina candidiosis crónica diseminada. En la paciente se presentaron varios factores de riesgo, como el tratamiento previo con antibióticos de amplio espectro, la colonización del tracto gastrointestinal por Candida y la neutropenia prolongada. El diagnóstico por imagen se hace principalmente por ecografía, tomografía axial computarizada y resonancia magnética. Se han descrito cuatro patrones tanto ecográficos como tomográficos, de los cuales se destacan el tipo 1 ('ruedas entre ruedas') y el tipo 2 ('ojo de buey'), que son característicos de la candidiosis crónica diseminada. El tercer patrón (imágenes hipoecoicas), aunque no es específico de la candidiosis crónica diseminada, es el más comúnmente hallado en ambas técnicas. En la paciente se observaron los patrones 2 y 3, y el diagnóstico se confirmó con el estudio histopatológico.

Invasive fungal infections are more commonly found in patients who develop neutropenia after chemotherapy. A 4-year-old girl with diagnosis of acute lymphoid leukemia developed febrile neutropenia after chemotherapy. Broad spectrum antibiotics and antimycotic therapy were initiated. Candida albicans was isolated and Entamoeba histolytica was observed in stool examination. Chronic disseminated candidiasis had developed and was treated with amphotericin B, initially, and fluconazol. Computed tomography images were obtained that demonstrated a classic 'bull´s eye' pattern; a concurrent histological study confirmed the diagnosis. Candida spp. is the major cause of opportunistic mycosis in immunosuppresed patients receiving chemotherapy for haematologic malignancies. An initial infection results in disseminated candidiasis, which persists and becomes chronic. In the 4-year-old patient, the identified risk factors consisted of a previous therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics, the gastrointestinal tract colonization with Candida albicans and prolonged neutropenia. Imaging diagnoses are made by ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance. With ultrasound and tomography, 4 distinct patterns have been described. Pattern 1 ('wheels within wheels') and 2 ('bull´s eye') are important, since they are characteristic of chronic disseminated candidiasis. The third pattern (hypoechoic image) is the most common finding with both techniques. In the current patient, patterns 2 and 3 were seen and the diagnosis was confirmed by histological study.

Effect of Intracavitary Injection of Urokinase in the Experimentally Induced Early Pyogenic Liver Abscess of the Rabbit

This study was carried out to assess the effects of intracavitary injection of urokinase in the early liver abscess (ELA) of the rabbits. ELAs were induced on 25 in 47 New Zealand rabbits, which were divided into two groups, with 15 in group A, and 10 in group B. Urokinase was injected into the ELA of group A, and normal physiologic saline into those of group B. One and a half hours after the injections, the rabbits were sacrificed and evaluated by pathologists for the degree of fibrosis of the ELA wall, and fibrinolysis in the ELA itself. Statistical analyses were performed between the two groups. The following ELA sizes for each group were obtained: Group A, 4.3 X 2.9-10.1 X 7.2 mm (mean 7.1 X 4.1 mm); Group B, 4.6 X 2.7-15.0 X 9.7 mm (mean 8.5 X 4.57 mm). Eleven (73%) in group A showed grade II fibrosis of ELA wall, and 8 (80%) in group B showed grade III fibrosis of ELA wall (p=0.002). On pathological analysis, 5 (46%) in group A showed grade II fibrin, and 8 (80%) in group B showed grade III fibrin, of the ELA (p=0.09). In conclusion, injection of urokinase, into the ELAs, can reduce the degree of fibrosis of abscess walls.

Hepatic abscess caused by Salmonella typhi.

A 64 years diabetic man presented with recurrent episodes of fever and abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of an abscess in the right lobe of the liver and a distended gall bladder with multiple calculi. Salmonella typhi was grown from the liver aspirate. Cholelithiasis may act as a predisposing factor for hepatic abscess formation in Salmonella carriers.

Coccidioidomycosis presenting as liver abscess.

A 26-year-old man presented with pain in the right upper abdomen. Ultrasonography revealed a large solitary right lobe liver abscess, which was treated by aspiration and antiamebic treatment. The patient continued to be symptomatic with the abscess increasing in size. Repeat aspiration revealed a pure growth of coccidioidomycosis, which was confirmed on culture. He was treated with amphotericin-B; the abscess resolved completely and the patient has remained asymptomatic at one-year follow up.

Absceso hepático piógeno recurrente secundario a ingestión de cuerpos extraños / Recurrent pyogenic liver abscess secondary to ingestion or foreign body

Introducción. El absceso hepático piógeno secundario a apendicitis asociada a ingestión de cuerpos extraños metálico localizado en apéndice cecal es muy raro. Se describe el caso de un niño de 5 años de edad quien desarrolló 2 abscesos hepáticos piogenos después de la ingestión accidental de un alfiler que se localizó en apéndice. Caso clínico. Preescolar de 5 años de edad quien consultó por presentar fiebre y dolor abdominal constante en cuadrante inferior derecho, de 15 días de evolución, con el antecedente de que a los 2 años de edad se le obsrvó en la radiografía simple de abdomen un cuerpo extraño radiopaco localizado en cuadrante inferior derecho y haber padecido absceso hepático piógeno un año antes de su ingreso. La tomografía axial helicoidal reportó imagen redondeada de densidad mixta localizada a nivel de lóbulo hepático derecho e imagen alargada a nivel del ciego con coeficiente de etenuación para metal. Se manejó con ceftriaxona más metronidazol durante 10 díaz con evolución satisfactoria y 15 días más tarde se realizó apendicectomía encontrándosele alfiler en apéndice cecal. Evolución satisfactoria. Conclusiones. El caso presentado ilustra una inusual y grave complicación secundaria a la ingestión de cuerpo extraño. Se recomienda que el manejo integral de estos pacientes consista en la remoción temprana del cuerpo extraño, con apendicectomía, drenaje o no de absceso según evolución y terapia antibiótica para infecciones con punto de partida abdominal