Absceso hepático piógeno en pediatría: experiencia en un centro pediátrico de referencia / Pyogenic liver abscess in children: clinical experience in a pediatric reference center

Introduction: Liver abscess is a serious and an uncommon pediatric disease. Objective and Method: Description of 20 pediatric patients with liver abscess admitted in "Ricardo Gutierrez" Children’s Hospital, a Tertiary Reference Center of Buenos Aires, between 2009 and 2015. Results: The hospitalization rate was 35/100.000 admissions. Median age was 5 years old, male/female ratio 4/1. Five patients (25%) had predisposing factors. Median days at diagnosis were 12. Features: Fever 100%, prolonged fever 60%, abdominal pain 50%. The majority had leukocytosis and elevated CRP (median 160 mg/L). Liver enzymes were elevated in only 40% of patients. Ultrasonography detected 90%. A single abscess was observed in 60%; localized at right hepatic lobe, 65%. Purulent material was positive in 12/17 (70%) and bacteremia was present in 3/20 (15%). Wide empirical antibiotic therapy was used. Treatment shift was needed in four patients. The median days of intravenous antibiotics were 30 and the median of total treatment were 53. Surgical procedures were performed in 13/20 (65%). Conclusion: Community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was the most frequent pathogen, especially in healthy children that associated skin or respiratory illness. Appropriate antibiotic treatment and eventual drainage allows good outcome without sequela or deaths.

Resumen Introducción: El absceso hepático es una patología infrecuente en pediatría. Objetivo y Métodos: Describir las características de 20 pacientes ingresados entre 2009-2015 en el Hospital de Niños "R. Gutiérrez", Centro de Referencia de Nivel T erciario de Buenos Aires, Argentina con diagnóstico de absceso hepático. Resultados: La tasa de hospitalización fue 35/100.000 admisiones. La mediana de edad fue 5 años, relación masculino/femenino: 4/1. Cinco pacientes tuvieron factores predisponentes. La mediana de duración de la enfermedad al diagnóstico fue de 12 días. Todos los pacientes presentaron fiebre, 60% síndrome febril prolongado y 50% dolor abdominal. La mayoría tenía leucocitosis y PCR elevada (mediana 160 mg/L). Sólo 40% tuvo alteración de pruebas hepáticas. En 90% de los casos el diagnóstico se realizó por ecografía, 65% estaban localizados en el lóbulo derecho; 60% eran lesiones únicas. Hubo aislamiento microbiológico en 12/17 (70%) y en 3/20 (15%) de hemocultivos. Todos recibieron tratamiento antibacteriano empírico de amplio espectro. La mediana de tratamiento antibacteriano intravenoso fue 30 días y en total 53 días. Se realizó drenaje quirúrgico en 13 casos. Todos evolucionaron favorablemente. Conclusión: Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina de la comunidad (SARM-AC) fue el patógeno predominante, especialmente en niños previamente sanos asociados a un foco cutáneo o respiratorio.

Pyogenic liver abscess caused by Gemella morbillorum / Absceso hepático piógeno causado por Gemella morbillorum

Even though Gemella morbillorum infection (GMI) is rare in humans, it may, nevertheless, cause endocarditis, meningitis, brain abscess, pleural empyema, nephritis, mediastinitis, and - occasionally - liver abscess. We are describing the case of a 64-year-old Caucasian male admitted with fever and abdominal pain. Laboratory parameters revealed inflammation signs, and instrumental examinations showed the presence of diverticula in the ascending colon. Abdominal ultrasound (US) and computer tomography (CT) showed two focal lesions in the right liver lobe. One had the characteristics of a simple cyst; the second was hypoechoic with a low density area, possibly containing necrotic material. US-guided needle biopsy was found negative for neoplastic cells, showing purulent infiltrate. Pus culture was found positive for GMI. Systemic antibiotic therapy, coupled with repeated US-guided needle aspiration, induced the resolution of the hepatic abscess. Few cases have been reported of hepatic abscess caused by GMI in immunocompetent non-cirrhotic subjects.

A pesar de que la infección por Gemella morbillorum (GMI, por el término en inglés) es poco común en seres humanos, puede causar endocarditis, meningitis, absceso cerebral, empiema pleural, nefritis, mediastinitis y en ocasiones, absceso hepático. Describimos el caso de un hombre caucásico de 64 años que ingresó con fiebre y dolor abdominal. Los parámetros de laboratorio revelaron signos de inflamación y los exámenes mostraron la presencia de divertículos en el colon ascendente. La ecografía abdominal (US) y la tomografía computarizada (CT) mostró dos lesiones focales en el lóbulo hepático derecho. Una presentó las características de un quiste simple; la segunda fue hipoecóica con una zona de baja densidad, que posiblemente contenía material necrótico. Biopsia con aguja guiada por US dio un resultado negativo para células neoplásicas, mostrando infiltrado purulento. Cultivo de pus fue encontrado positivo para GMI. Una terapia con antibióticos sistémicos, junto con aspiración repetida con aguja guiada por US indujo a la resolución del absceso hepático. Pocos casos se han reportado de absceso hepático causado por GMI en sujetos inmunocompetentes no cirróticos.

Gas-Forming Pyogenic Liver Abscess Suspected on a Plain Chest X-Ray

No abstract available.

[pyogenic liver absecesses: a study of 25 cases]

Our aim was to study the anatomo-clinic particularities and the therapeutic modes of the infectious abscesses of the liver. Our retrospective study concerns 25 cases of the infectious abscesses of the liver collected on one period of 12 years from January 1992 to December 2003. They are 11 primitive abscesses and 14 secondary abscesses. We noted 14 women and 11 men, median age was 51,5 years. The Fontan triad was present in 7 cases. A liver mass with an abdominal sensitivity was found in 14 cases. Anomalies in the biologic exam of the liver were present in the 1/3 of the cases. We noted a double right and left localization in 3 cases and a multiple localization in 1 case. The hemoculture and the pyoculture permitted a bacteriological diagnosis in 52%. The percutaneous treatment achieved in 7 cases, permitted the recovery in 2 cases. One dead was noted following a severe cardiopathy. A surgical drainage has been achieved at 22 patients, 4 cases after the failure of the percutaneous treatment. Mortality rate was 20% [5 cases] related to the delay of diagnosis. The gravity of the septic shock, the advanced age and the flaws associated. The infectious abscess of the liver was a serious affection that affects the vital prognosis. The percutaneous treatment associated to the antibiotherapy, is the method of choice in the treatment of the abscesses of the liver. The surgical treatment must be reserved to the failure of the percutaneous treatment

Recent Changes of Organism and Treatment in Pyogenic Liver Abscess / 대한간학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: With the advance of antibiotics and the development of newer imaging techniques, marked changes in etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of liver abscess have been reported. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data related to 94 patients with pyogenic liver abscess. RESULTS: Of the 94 patients in the study group, the male to female ratio was 1.4:1 and the peak incidence of liver abcess was in the 7th decade. About three quaters (74.5%) of the abcesses were of unknown origin. The predominant location was in the right lobe (70.3%). Single lesion was found in 80 patients and multiple lesions in 14 patients. Pathogens were identified in 67 patients, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae (65.7%) and E. coli (16.4%) were the most common. The modalities of treatment were percutaneous drainage with antibiotics (73.4%), percutaneous aspiration with antibiotics (16.0%), or antibiotics alone (8.5%). The case fatality rate, mainly from associated underlying diseases, was 9 cases (9.6%). Associated diseases were diabetes mellitus (14.9%) and malignancy (10.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that the most common organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae and percutaneous needle aspiration and/or catheter drainage were safe and effective treatment modalities for pyogenic liver abscess. Prognosis was determined by the underlying condition.