Relacionamentos durante a quarentena: as justificativas para aceitar o abuso psicológico em mulheres / Relationships during Quarantine: The Justifications for Supporting Psychological Abuse in Women

Objetivo. Analisar o papel das atitudes frente a convivência conjugal durante o período da quarentena, como justificativa da relação entre as ideologias baseadas no tradicionalismo e a aceitação do abuso psicológico em mulheres. Método. Esta pesquisa é do tipo transversal e foi realizada de forma online com 260 mulheres oriundas de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Resultado. Os resultados demonstraram efeitos positivos e significativos (efeito indireto = .14; SE = .04; IC 95% .05; .22), sugerindo que as mulheres, que endossam mais ideologias tradicionalistas, utilizam mais justificativas, por meio da quarentena, e aceitam mais o abuso psicológico. Essa mesma relação ocorreu nas estratégias diretas e indiretas do abuso psicológico. Logo, este estudo apresentou evidências preliminares acerca de um possível reforçador do abuso psicológico.

Objective. This online cross-sectional research aimed to analyze the role of attitudes towards conjugal coexistence, during the period of quarantine, as a justification of the relationship between ideologies based on traditionalism and the acceptance of psychological abuse on women. Method. For this purpose, 260 women from different regions of Brazil were studied. Results. The results showed positive and significant effects (mediated effect = .14; SE = .04; 95% CI .05; .22), suggesting that women who endorse more traditionalist ideologies use more justifications, through quarantine, and are more accepting of psychological abuse. This same relationship occurred in the direct and indirect strategies of psychological abuse. Therefore, this study presented preliminary evidence about a possible reinforcer of psychological abuse.

Prevalencia y factores asociados con la violencia de pareja en las adultas mayores mexicanas / Prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence among elderly Mexican women

RESUMEN Con base en la información de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares 2016 (ENDIREH) y desde un marco ecológico, el presente estudio busca conocer la prevalencia y los factores asociados de la violencia emocional, física y sexual de pareja durante el último año en las mujeres mexicanas mayores de 64 años (n=7.410). Para tener un marco de comparación, se contrastaron los resultados de mujeres de la tercera edad con los de grupos de mujeres más jóvenes. Los resultados muestran que el 16,3% de las mujeres mayores de 64 años han experimentado algún tipo de violencia de pareja durante el último año, siendo el maltrato emocional el más frecuente. Además, dicho grupo de mujeres experimentó la prevalencia más baja de violencia emocional y sexual, comparados con las mujeres más jóvenes. Por otra parte, algunos de los factores asociados con la violencia fueron similares en las adultas mayores y los grupos de mujeres más jóvenes, principalmente, los relacionados con la historia personal y el entorno inmediato. Por el contrario, los factores del entorno social más amplio fueron distintos. Los hallazgos se discuten teóricamente y en virtud de su utilidad para los programas de atención a la violencia.

ABSTRACT Using information from the National Survey on Household Relationship Dynamics (Encuesta Nacional de la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares 2016), this study examines the prevalence and factors associated with emotional, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among a representative sample of elderly Mexican women (n=7,410), using an ecological approach. Prevalence rates and related risk factors for IPV among younger women served as a basis for comparison and were contrasted with data from elderly female participants. Results show that 16.3% of women aged 64 and over had experienced some form of intimate partner violence during the previous year, with emotional violence as the most commonly occurring form. Furthermore, there was a significantly lower prevalence of emotional and sexual IPV among elderly women than among younger women. Some risk factors for IPV victimization were similar across both groups of women, mainly individuals' personal histories and immediate social context. On the other hand, differences were found regarding factors related to the broader social context. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed, specifically with regards to their usefulness in violence prevention and response programs.