Gastric pH and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis / 대한간학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Data from previous studies on gastric acid secretion and the prevalence of H. pylori in liver cirrhosis patients remain poorly defined. H. pylori is a potential source of NH3, but the possible role of H. pylori in hepatic encephalopathy is not clear. The purpose of this study was to compare gastric acid secretion, the impact of H. pylori infection, and the production of NH3 between cirrhotic patients and healthy, matched controls. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with liver cirrhosis (HBV, n=12; Alcohol, n=12; HCV, n=5) were matched with 33 healthy persons for age and sex. None of the patients or controls were being treated with antacids, H2-receptor blockers or proton pump inhibitors. The pH and NH3 concentration was measured in gastric juice obtained by endoscopy. H. pylori infection was diagnosed using the rapid urease test. The level of NH3 in venous blood was also measured. RESULTS: The average gastric pH was significantly higher in cirrhosis patients compared to controls (3.91 vs. 2.99, P4) was significantly greater in cirrhosis patients (45 vs. 21%, P<0.05). In contrast, the prevalence of H. pylori infection (62% vs. 58%) and gastric NH3 concentrations (3.4 vs. 3.3 mM/L) were similar between both groups. However, venous NH3 levels were significantly higher in cirrhotics than in controls (63.1 vs. 25.2 micro M/L, P<0.05). The patients with H. pylori infection had significantly higher gastric NH3 concentration (3.8 vs. 1.6 mM/L) and gastric pH (3.87 vs. 2.76, P<0.05) than those without infection, but no significant difference in venous NH3 levels were detected (39.6 vs. 48.1 micro M/L). In patients with cirrhosis, the presence of H. pylori infection was not correlated with either gastric or blood NH3 levels. CONCLUSIONS: The gastric pH of liver cirrhosis patients is higher than that of controls and a larger proportion of cirrhotic patients have hypochlorhydria. The prevalence of H. pylori in liver cirrhosis patients was similar to that in controls and no correlation was found between gastric and blood NH3 levels. Thus, H. pylori infection does not seem to play a major role in generation of elevated NH3 associated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Enfermedad ulcerosa clorhidropéptica no complicada. Perspectivas y praxis terapéuticas / Clorhydropeptic ulcerous disease without complications: Therapeutic perspective and praxis

La mayoría de las úlceras clorhidropéptica cicatriza cuando se reduce adecuadamente la acción agresora ácida durante una fracción de las 24 horas del día: (a) neutralizando en el lumen de la secreción; (b) actuando sobre receptores en las membranas de las células parietales. Los antagonistas del receptor-2 de la histmina en dosis nocturna única reducen el tiempo total de cicatrización de 90 por ciento de las úlceras duodenales y gástricas a 6 y 8 semanas promediales, respectivamente. La vida media de eliminación es corta, no se acumulan y los efectos colaterales, cuya incidencia real con dosis habituales es muy baja, son reversibles. Los antiácidos ( hidróxido de aluminio ) y bloquedores del receptor-1 de la muscarina ( pirenzepina ) son alternativas de segunda línea en la estrategia terapeútica general. Omeprazol, un bloqueador de la bomba de protones, se acumula intracelularmente y alcanza niveles de inhibición casi total; por ello mismo se restrige su uso a determinados problemas clínicos graves y sólo durante lapsos breves. Bismuto coloidal y sucralfato se adhieren a la base de la úlcera y promueven su curación eficazmente. Prostaglandina E2 y sus análogos combinan la acción antisecretora con la " citoprotección " directa: su indicación principal es la prevención de recurrencias de lesiones gástricas en pacientes bajo tratamiento obligado con anti-inflamatorios no esteroideos. Dosis moderadas de bloqueadores del receptor H2 durante periodos hasta de 2 años disminuyen apreciablemente las recurrencias de la enfermedad ulcerosa común. El tratamiento quirúrgico es apreciable a casos precisos